由來
惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)為(wei)(wei)唐大(da)歷元年(nian)至十二(er)年(nian)(766-777)無(wu)錫(xi)令敬(jing)澄所開(kai)鑿。惠山(shan)的得(de)名是因為(wei)(wei)古代(dai)(dai)西域和尚慧照曾在附近結廬修行,古代(dai)(dai)"慧"、"惠"二(er)字通用,便稱惠山(shan)。惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)源于(yu)若冰洞,呈伏流而出成泉(quan)(quan)(quan)。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)池先圍砌成上、中(zhong)兩池。上池呈八(ba)角形,由八(ba)根小巧的方柱嵌(qian)八(ba)塊條石(shi)以為(wei)(wei)欄,池深三尺(chi)余。池中(zhong)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質很好,水(shui)(shui)色透明,甘冽(lie)可口(kou)。中(zhong)池緊挨上池,呈四方形,水(shui)(shui)體(ti)清淡,別有(you)風味。至宋代(dai)(dai),又(you)在下方開(kai)一(yi)大(da)池,呈長方形,實為(wei)(wei)魚池。明代(dai)(dai)雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)家楊(yang)理特在下池池壁雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)了一(yi)具螭首,這螭首似龍(long)非龍(long),俗稱石(shi)龍(long)頭,中(zhong)池泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)則通過石(shi)龍(long)頭下注到大(da)池之(zhi)中(zhong),終年(nian)噴涌(yong)不(bu)息。池前建有(you)供茶(cha)人品(pin)茗的漪瀾(lan)(lan)堂,蘇東(dong)坡曾在此賦詩(shi)曰(yue):"還(huan)將(jiang)塵土足,一(yi)步(bu)漪瀾(lan)(lan)堂。"
相(xiang)傳(chuan)唐代陸(lu)羽評定了(le)(le)天下(xia)水品二(er)十等(deng),惠山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)被(bei)列為(wei)天下(xia)第二(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)。隨后(hou),劉伯(bo)芻(chu)、張又新(xin)等(deng)唐代著名茶(cha)人(ren)(ren)又均推惠山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)為(wei)天下(xia)第二(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),所(suo)以人(ren)(ren)們也稱它(ta)為(wei)二(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)。中唐時期(qi)詩人(ren)(ren)李紳曾(ceng)贊揚道:"惠山書(shu)堂前,松(song)竹之下(xia),有泉(quan)(quan)(quan)甘爽,乃人(ren)(ren)間靈液,清鑒肌(ji)骨。漱(shu)開神慮,茶(cha)得此(ci)水,皆(jie)盡芳味也。"宋徽宗時,此(ci)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水成(cheng)為(wei)宮廷貢品。元(yuan)代翰林學士、大書(shu)法家趙孟(meng)頫專為(wei)惠山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)書(shu)寫了(le)(le)"天下(xia)第二(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)"五個大字,至今(jin)仍完好地(di)保存在泉(quan)(quan)(quan)亭后(hou)壁上。當(dang)時,趙孟(meng)頫還吟了(le)(le)一首詠此(ci)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)詩:"南(nan)朝古寺惠山泉(quan)(quan)(quan),裹名來(lai)尋第二(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),貪戀君(jun)恩當(dang)北(bei)去,野(ye)花啼鳥漫留連。"
歷史
惠(hui)山(shan)泉名重天(tian)下(xia),四方茶(cha)客們不遠千里(li)前來(lai)汲取二泉水,達官(guan)貴(gui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)更(geng)是聞名而至。唐(tang)武宗(zong)時(shi),宰相李德裕嗜飲二泉水,便責(ze)令地方官(guan)派人(ren)(ren)(ren)通(tong)過"遞鋪(pu)"(類似驛(yi)站的專門運(yun)輸機構),把(ba)(ba)泉水送到(dao)三千里(li)之遙(yao)的長安(an),供他煎茗。宋代蘇東坡深通(tong)"泉美茶(cha)香異(yi)"之理,他于熙(xi)寧年(nian)間(jian),"獨攜天(tian)上小團月,來(lai)試(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)間(jian)第(di)二泉"。他品飲之后,連(lian)聲(sheng)贊妙,并把(ba)(ba)泉水比作(zuo)乳(ru)水,告訴(su)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們說"乳(ru)水君當(dang)(dang)饗惠(hui)泉"。南宋第(di)一位皇(huang)帝(di)趙構,在金軍追擊下(xia)被迫(po)南逃(tao)途經無(wu)錫(xi)時(shi),仍有雅興"幸"惠(hui)山(shan)泉品茗。泉旁的二泉亭,就是當(dang)(dang)年(nian)地方官(guan)吏為迎(ying)接趙構所建。
北宋時,京城一(yi)些顯貴和名士也常常不(bu)惜千里之(zhi)遙(yao),以(yi)舟車載(zai)運惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)至(zhi)開封。為了(le)防(fang)止長途跋(ba)涉,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)味變質,人(ren)們(men)(men)在(zai)實踐中(zhong)摸索出"折洗惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)"的(de)(de)辦法(fa)(fa)。據周輝《清波雜志》第(di)四卷(juan)(juan)記載(zai),惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)運到(dao)(dao)汴州后,用細(xi)(xi)沙(sha)淋(lin)過(guo)(guo),便(bian)像新汲的(de)(de)一(yi)樣,號稱折洗惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)。用細(xi)(xi)沙(sha)淋(lin)過(guo)(guo),也就(jiu)是(shi)用細(xi)(xi)沙(sha)將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)一(yi)下,去掉其塵污雜味。惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也是(shi)當時人(ren)們(men)(men)相互饋贈(zeng)的(de)(de)禮品(pin)(pin)。大(da)文(wen)學(xue)家(jia)歐(ou)陽(yang)修曾以(yi)18年之(zhi)功撰《集古錄(lu)》十卷(juan)(juan),請(qing)他的(de)(de)好友、大(da)書法(fa)(fa)家(jia)、茶藝大(da)學(xue)者蔡襄寫序(xu),歐(ou)陽(yang)修稱此(ci)篇序(xu)文(wen)"字尤精勁,為世所珍(zhen)"。為了(le)酬謝蔡襄,他精心準備了(le)4件禮品(pin)(pin),一(yi)為鼠須栗毛(mao)筆,一(yi)為銅淥筆格,一(yi)為大(da)小龍團(tuan)茶,另(ling)一(yi)件就(jiu)是(shi)一(yi)瓶惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),算作潤筆。到(dao)(dao)明(ming)代(dai),講究(jiu)品(pin)(pin)茶的(de)(de)人(ren)們(men)(men)慕(mu)惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)之(zhi)名,但外(wai)地人(ren)畢竟不(bu)易得到(dao)(dao)惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),于是(shi)只好自(zi)制惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),以(yi)代(dai)替真(zhen)惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。明(ming)代(dai)朱國禎記述此(ci)辦法(fa)(fa)是(shi):先把(ba)一(yi)般的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)煮開,放(fang)(fang)到(dao)(dao)大(da)缸(gang)內,把(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)缸(gang)放(fang)(fang)置在(zai)庭院(yuan)中(zhong)曬不(bu)到(dao)(dao)太(tai)陽(yang)的(de)(de)背陰地方(fang),待到(dao)(dao)月色皎(jiao)潔的(de)(de)晚(wan)上,打(da)開缸(gang)蓋,以(yi)便(bian)承(cheng)受夜(ye)間露水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)滋潤,經過(guo)(guo)如此(ci)三個(ge)夜(ye)晚(wan),再用瓢輕輕地將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)舀到(dao)(dao)瓷壇(tan)中(zhong)。據說用這(zhe)種(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)"烹茶,與(yu)惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)無異"(《涌(yong)幢小品(pin)(pin)》),因此(ci),用此(ci)法(fa)(fa)制成的(de)(de)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)叫做"自(zi)制惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)"。
地理位置
無錫(xi)位于江(jiang)蘇(su)省南部,南臨太湖,西(xi)依(yi)惠山(shan),京杭運河縱(zong)貫南北,京滬(hu)鐵路橫臥(wo)東(dong)西(xi),交(jiao)通便利(li),物產(chan)豐富,山(shan)明水秀(xiu),是我國著名的(de)(de)“魚米(mi)之鄉(xiang)”。位于該市西(xi)部高329米(mi)的(de)(de)惠山(shan),綿延20公里,其九峰(feng)如九條頑皮(pi)的(de)(de)蒼龍,擠在一(yi)起(qi),頭東(dong)尾(wei)西(xi),淹沒(mei)于太湖之中。“挹九峰(feng)之蒼翠,瞰太湖之波(bo)濤”。山(shan)間古木參(can)天,幽谷清靜(jing),自古以(yi)來,吸引了許多文人墨客,是著名的(de)(de)錫(xi)惠風(feng)景(jing)游覽勝地。
惠(hui)山(shan)多清(qing)泉,歷史上(shang)(shang)冰有(you)“九龍十三泉”之說(shuo)。位于惠(hui)山(shan)寺附近的(de)惠(hui)山(shan)泉原名漪瀾(lan)泉,相傳它是唐朝(chao)大歷末年(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)779年),由元(yuan)錫縣令(ling)警澄派(pai)人開(kai)鑿的(de)。共(gong)兩池(chi),上(shang)(shang)池(chi)圓,水(shui)(shui)色澄碧(bi),飲料都在這(zhe)里汲取(qu);下(xia)(xia)池(chi)方(fang),雖一脈相通,但水(shui)(shui)質不加上(shang)(shang)池(chi)清(qing)澈。唐朝(chao)陸羽在他(ta)著的(de)《茶經(jing)》中排列名泉20處,無錫惠(hui)山(shan)泉位居(ju)第二(er)。另一位評水(shui)(shui)大家劉伯芻認為:“透(tou)宜于煮茶的(de)泉水(shui)(shui)有(you)七(qi)眼(yan),惠(hui)山(shan)泉是第二(er)”。此(ci)后“天下(xia)(xia)第二(er)泉”之名為歷代文(wen)人名流(liu)所(suo)公(gong)(gong)認。宋代詩人蘇軾曾兩次游(you)無錫品惠(hui)山(shan)泉,留下(xia)(xia)了(le)“獨攜天上(shang)(shang)小團月,來試人間(jian)第二(er)泉”的(de)吟(yin)唱,更使惠(hui)山(shan)泉生(sheng)輝。
惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)名(ming)不(bu)虛(xu)傳(chuan)(chuan),泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)無色透明,含礦物質(zhi)少,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)優良,甘(gan)美適(shi)口,系泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之佼佼者。其原因是由(you)于惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)奪(duo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)層(ceng)為烏(wu)桐石(shi)(shi)(shi)英砂岸村下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)從地(di)層(ceng)中(zhong)涌向(xiang)地(di)面時(shi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)雜質(zhi)多數已在(zai)滲(shen)濾過程中(zhong)除去(qu)(qu)。相(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)唐武(wu)宗時(shi),宰(zai)相(xiang)李德裕很愛(ai)惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),曾(ceng)令(ling)地(di)方官使用壇封裝,馳馬傳(chuan)(chuan)遞數千(qian)里,從江(jiang)蘇(su)運到(dao)陜(shan)西(xi),供他(ta)煎茶。因此唐朝(chao)詩(shi)人皮日休曾(ceng)將此事和楊貴(gui)妃驛遞荔(li)(li)枝之事相(xiang)比聯,作詩(shi)譏諷(feng):“丞相(xiang)常思煮茗時(shi),郡侯催發(fa)只嫌遲(chi);吳國去(qu)(qu)國三千(qian)里,莫筆楊妃愛(ai)荔(li)(li)枝。”到(dao)了(le)宋朝(chao),二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的聲譽更高(gao)。蘇(su)東(dong)坡(po)向(xiang)人推薦:“雪芽(ya)為我求陽羨,乳水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)君應餉惠(hui)(hui)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。”據宋張邦基《墨(mo)莊漫錄》所載:“無錦(jin)惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),久留不(bu)敗(bai),政和甲午(wu)歲(sui)(公(gong)元(yuan)1114年)趙霆始貢(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)于上(shang)方,月進(jin)百樽(zun)。”二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)度成為進(jin)獻(xian)給皇帝(di)的貢(gong)(gong)品。宋高(gao)宗兵敗(bai)南(nan)渡(du)時(shi),也不(bu)忘飲用二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。南(nan)宋著名(ming)詩(shi)人楊萬里在(zai)詩(shi)中(zhong)稱贊二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan):“惠(hui)(hui)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)遂名(ming)陸(lu)子泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)與陸(lu)子名(ming)俱(ju)佳。一(yi)瓣(ban)佛香(xiang)炷遺像,幾個衲(na)子拜茶忙……”。惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)自泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)壁石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕的“龍頭”(螭首)中(zhong)流出,叮咚作響,清脆悅耳。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)畔建有“二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭”,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)池旁的大(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang),鐫刻著“天下第二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”五個大(da)字,是元(yuan)代著名(ming)書法家(jia)趙孟(meng)頫(趙子昂)所題。趙在(zai)題字之余(yu),還題詩(shi)一(yi)首:“南(nan)朝(chao)古寺惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)前,裹(guo)名(ming)來(lai)尋(xun)第二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。貪戀君思當(dang)北去(qu)(qu),野花啼(ti)鳥漫留連。”
明朝,二(er)泉(quan)更成(cheng)(cheng)了詩(shi)人墨客(ke)、達官貴人品茗游玩(wan),題(ti)詠(yong)不絕的地(di)方。特別是明初聽松(song)庵的高僧(seng)性(xing)海,請湖州竹(zhu)工做了個(ge)天(tian)圓地(di)方,形成(cheng)(cheng)乾坤壺的竹(zhu)爐,以(yi)二(er)泉(quan)水煮(zhu)茗待客(ke)。著名畫家(jia)(jia)王紱于洪武廿(nian)八年(公(gong)元(yuan)1395年)為竹(zhu)爐作(zuo)畫,并有詩(shi)云(yun):“寒齋(zhai)夜不眠(mian),淪茗坐(zuo)爐邊;伙火煨(wei)山栗,敲冰(bing)汲澗泉(quan),瓦鐺(dang)翻白云(yun),竹(zhu)牖出青煙;一啜鳳生腑,俄(e)警(jing)骨已(yi)仙(xian)!”足見其(qi)傾倒之情(qing)。著名畫家(jia)(jia)文徵明,在明正德十(shi)三年(公(gong)元(yuan)1518年)二(er)月(yue)十(shi)九日清明節,
與友人茶會(hui)于惠山(shan)(shan),興會(hui)所致揮(hui)毫作了《惠山(shan)(shan)茶會(hui)圖》,設色紙本,再現(xian)了詩人、畫(hua)家竹爐煮茗,茅亭小憩的情景(jing),這一珍貴(gui)畫(hua)卷,珍藏故宮博物院。
水質
惠(hui)山泉水(shui)(shui)為(wei)山水(shui)(shui),即通過巖層裂隙過濾了流淌(tang)的地下水(shui)(shui),因此其含(han)雜(za)質極微,"味甘"而(er)(er)"質輕(qing)",宜以"煎茶為(wei)上"。清乾隆(long)皇帝計(ji)量(liang)(liang)各地名泉,量(liang)(liang)得惠(hui)山泉水(shui)(shui)為(wei)每量(liang)(liang)斗重一兩零四厘(li),僅比北京玉泉水(shui)(shui)稍重略微。近(jin)年來(lai)經多次化(hua)驗,知惠(hui)山泉水(shui)(shui)所含(han)礦(kuang)物質有(you)鈣(gai)、鎂、碳酸鹽等及微量(liang)(liang)氡氣,表面張力大(da),水(shui)(shui)高出杯(bei)口數毫(hao)米而(er)(er)不溢,水(shui)(shui)質清澈透(tou)明而(er)(er)無任何有(you)害物質,與(yu)世(shi)界衛生組織(zhi)及美、日等國家的飲用水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質相比較,確系當今世(shi)界飲用水(shui)(shui)中之(zhi)佼佼者。
“異”與“癖”
由于惠山(shan)泉(quan)水"上(shang)好(hao)",所以古代許(xu)多(duo)茶(cha)葉專家紛紛前來品嘗研討(tao)。華淑在(zai)《二(er)泉(quan)記略(lve)》中就總結了惠山(shan)泉(quan)的"三(san)(san)異(yi)"與"三(san)(san)癖(pi)(pi)":"泉(quan)有三(san)(san)異(yi),兩池共亭,圓池甘(gan)美,絕異(yi)方池,一異(yi)也(ye);一鏡澄澈,旱潦自如(ru),二(er)異(yi)也(ye);澗(jian)泉(quan)清(qing)寒,多(duo)至伐(fa)性(xing),此則甘(gan)芳溫潤(run),大益靈(ling)府,三(san)(san)異(yi)也(ye)。更(geng)有三(san)(san)癖(pi)(pi),沸須(xu)瓦缶炭火,次銅(tong)錫器,若入鍋熾(chi)薪(xin),便不堪啜,一癖(pi)(pi);酒(jiu)鄉茗碗,為功斯大,以炊飲作糜(mi),反遜井泉(quan),二(er)癖(pi)(pi)也(ye);木器止用(yong)暫汲,經時則味敗(bai),入盆盎久而不變,三(san)(san)癖(pi)(pi)也(ye)。"這"三(san)(san)異(yi)三(san)(san)癖(pi)(pi)",實際上(shang)是具體(ti)細(xi)致(zhi)地分(fen)析總結了惠山(shan)泉(quan)水的特色和煮茶(cha)的禁忌。
評價
歷代(dai)名流對惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)均有(you)(you)很高評(ping)價,褒獎惟恐不及。其(qi)中(zhong)不乏為惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)屈居第(di)(di)二泉(quan)(quan)而鳴不平之(zhi)(zhi)作。劉遠的《惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)》有(you)(you)一(yi)詩:"靈脈發山(shan)(shan)根,涓涓才(cai)一(yi)滴。寶(bao)劍護深源,蒼珉(min)環甃壁。鑒形須眉分,當(dang)暑(shu)挹寒冽。一(yi)酌舉瓢空,過齒如激雪(xue)。不異醴(li)泉(quan)(quan)甘,宛同神(shen)瀵潔。快飲可洗(xi)胸,所惜(xi)姑濯熱。品(pin)第(di)(di)冠(guan)(guan)寰中(zhong),名色(se)固(gu)已(yi)揭。世無陸子(zi)知,淄澠誰與別。"明代(dai)有(you)(you)位(wei)鎮江(jiang)知府,盡管被(bei)譽(yu)為天下第(di)(di)一(yi)泉(quan)(quan)的中(zhong)泠(ling)泉(quan)(quan)就在他的轄區之(zhi)(zhi)內,但他還是(shi)認(ren)為第(di)(di)一(yi)的桂(gui)冠(guan)(guan)應該讓給惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)。詩人(ren)王(wang)世貞也吟出:"一(yi)勺(shao)清泠(ling)下九(jiu)咽,分明仙掌露珠(zhu)圓;空勞陸羽(yu)輕題(ti)品(pin),天下誰當(dang)第(di)(di)一(yi)泉(quan)(quan)?"公元1751年,乾隆皇(huang)帝南巡,經無錫(xi)品(pin)嘗了惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)后,援(yuan)筆題(ti)詩,內中(zhong)也有(you)(you)"中(zhong)泠(ling)江(jiang)眼(yan)固(gu)應讓"之(zhi)(zhi)句,說明惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)確(que)實(shi)為天下稀珍之(zhi)(zhi)物,宜茶之(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)。
景觀
二泉(quan)亭上有景(jing)徽堂,在(zai)此可(ke)品(pin)嘗(chang)二泉(quan)水烹煮(zhu)的香(xiang)茗,并欣賞泉(quan)周圍的美妙景(jing)致。從二泉(quan)亭北(bei)上有竹爐山房、秋雨堂、隔紅塵(chen)廊(lang)、云(yun)起樓等(deng)古(gu)建筑。聽(ting)松(song)堂也在(zai)二泉(quan)亭附近。亭內(nei)置一(yi)古(gu)銅色巨石(shi),稱為(wei)石(shi)床(chuang),光可(ke)鑒人,可(ke)以偃臥。石(shi)床(chuang)一(yi)端鐫刻(ke)"聽(ting)松(song)"二字(zi),為(wei)唐代書(shu)法(fa)家李陽冰所書(shu)。皮(pi)日休(xiu)在(zai)此聽(ting)過松(song)濤,留有詩句:"殿前(qian)日暮(mu)高風(feng)起,松(song)子聲聲打石(shi)床(chuang)。"從二泉(quan)亭登山可(ke)達惠(hui)山山頂,縱(zong)眺太湖風(feng)景(jing),歷歷在(zai)目(mu)。
藝術成果
惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)不(bu)僅水甘美、茶情(qing)佳,而且還孕(yun)(yun)育(yu)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位我國(guo)優秀的(de)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)藝(yi)術家(jia)(jia)阿(a)炳(bing)和(he)蜚聲海(hai)內外的(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)曲《二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)映(ying)月》。"甃石(shi)封苔百尺深(shen),試茶嘗味少知音。惟(wei)余半(ban)夜(ye)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)月,留照先生一(yi)(yi)(yi)片心。"宋代(dai)文(wen)人(ren)(ren)已經寫出(chu)(chu)了(le)鐘(zhong)情(qing)"半(ban)夜(ye)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)月"的(de)詩句(ju)。到了(le)清朝(chao)光緒年間(jian)(jian)(jian),無(wu)錫(xi)雷(lei)遵殿(dian)道觀(guan)出(chu)(chu)了(le)個小(xiao)道士(shi)(shi),名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)叫(jiao)阿(a)炳(bing),原名(ming)(ming)(ming)華(hua)彥鈞。阿(a)炳(bing)青年時雙眼因目疾而先后失明。他(ta)(ta)從(cong)(cong)小(xiao)就酷(ku)愛音樂,在(zai)其父道士(shi)(shi)華(hua)清和(he)的(de)傳授下(xia),二(er)(er)胡演(yan)奏技藝(yi)漸臻圓熟精(jing)深(shen),最后達到深(shen)高造詣,以致(zhi)無(wu)錫(xi)的(de)人(ren)(ren)們譽他(ta)(ta)為(wei)"小(xiao)天師"。他(ta)(ta)常在(zai)夜(ye)深(shen)人(ren)(ren)靜之時,摸到惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)畔,聆聽那丁冬泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)聲,手(shou)掬清涼的(de)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水,神接皎(jiao)潔(jie)的(de)月光,幻(huan)想(xiang)著人(ren)(ren)間(jian)(jian)(jian)能有自由幸(xing)福(fu)的(de)生活(huo)。他(ta)(ta)用二(er)(er)胡的(de)音律(lv)抒(shu)發(fa)內心的(de)憂(you)憤和(he)人(ren)(ren)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)疾苦,祈盼光明幸(xing)福(fu)的(de)降臨,作出(chu)(chu)了(le)許多二(er)(er)胡演(yan)奏曲,其中(zhong)(zhong)以惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)為(wei)素材的(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)曲《二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)映(ying)月》最膾炙人(ren)(ren)口。此曲節奏明快鮮明,旋(xuan)律(lv)清越動人(ren)(ren)。二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)孕(yun)(yun)育(yu)的(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)曲《二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)映(ying)月》,它和(he)名(ming)(ming)(ming)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣清新流暢(chang),發(fa)人(ren)(ren)幽(you)思,催人(ren)(ren)奮進。人(ren)(ren)們為(wei)紀念這位著名(ming)(ming)(ming)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)音樂藝(yi)術家(jia)(jia),1984年在(zai)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)重建了(le)華(hua)彥鈞之墓。 從(cong)(cong)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)北(bei)上(shang),還有清代(dai)竹爐山(shan)房、秋雨(yu)堂、云起(qi)樓(lou)等。秋雨(yu)堂結構(gou)精(jing)巧,陳設(she)古(gu)雅,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)影《家(jia)(jia)》曾取景于此。聽松亭(ting)也在(zai)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)附近(jin)。亭(ting)內有一(yi)(yi)(yi)方古(gu)銅色(se)巨(ju)石(shi),平(ping)坦光滑,可(ke)橫臥(wo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren),稱“石(shi)床”。一(yi)(yi)(yi)端鐫有“聽松”二(er)(er)字(zi),是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)唐代(dai)書(shu)法(fa)家(jia)(jia)李陽冰所書(shu)。