世(shi)德(de)堂是蘭溪(xi)地區最具宋(song)(song)元(yuan)(yuan)風格的木構(gou)建筑,其正廳檐下的單抄雙(shuang)下昂六鋪作和內(nei)槽(cao)三疊梁等都是當地古建的罕見(jian)孤例,1997年(nian)該建筑被公布為(wei)浙江(jiang)省文物保(bao)護單位(wei)。譜載世(shi)德(de)堂是為(wei)祭祀三泉人唐元(yuan)(yuan)章、唐良(liang)嗣兩位(wei)南宋(song)(song)抗元(yuan)(yuan)名將(jiang)而(er)建,南宋(song)(song)德(de)祐二(er)年(nian)(1276年(nian))唐氏叔侄二(er)人率兵(bing)大敗元(yuan)(yuan)軍于蘭溪(xi)黃湓灘,朝廷加元(yuan)(yuan)章朝請大夫,命知嚴(yan)州(zhou),加良(liang)嗣閣門宣贊武(wu)翼將(jiang)軍、江(jiang)淮閩浙都統兵(bing)馬使,兩年(nian)后分別戰(zhan)死在龍游白云寺和江(jiang)山仙霞嶺(ling),宋(song)(song)丞相文天(tian)祥(xiang)為(wei)其題寫(xie)的“正氣千秋”、勅封“武(wu)翼將(jiang)軍”兩古匾一(yi)直保(bao)留于世(shi)德(de)堂,所以民(min)間有世(shi)德(de)堂為(wei)宋(song)(song)元(yuan)(yuan)遺構(gou)之說。
2005年世(shi)德(de)堂維修期間,“狀(zhuang)元及第”(明嘉(jia)靖庚(geng)戌殿試第一甲第一名唐汝楫立(li))、“翰林(lin)學士”(宋天圣翰林(lin)唐滿(man)立(li))、勅(chi)封(feng)“溫國(guo)公”(宋戶部(bu)侍郎(lang)唐恪立(li))、特賜(si)“成忠郎(lang)”(宋鄧州(zhou)都司唐堯卿立(li))等宋明豎匾也(ye)得(de)到修整(zheng),另有幾十塊毀于“文革”的橫(heng)匾也(ye)因(yin)當年一位睿(rui)智老人(ren)的偷(tou)偷(tou)摘抄而重見天日于盛世(shi)。那些標榜著宗族榮耀的文字(zi)多少(shao)會有炫耀和教化的動(dong)機(ji),但(dan)無(wu)疑也(ye)是唐氏后裔(yi)的精神氣質所在。
世德堂俗稱將士廳(ting)(ting),坐(zuo)北(bei)朝南偏東(dong)45°左(zuo)右,總體(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)進(jin)兩(liang)天井合院式(shi),依次(ci)(ci)(ci)有照壁(bi)、門樓(lou)(lou)、門廳(ting)(ting)、正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting)、后(hou)廳(ting)(ting)、廂廊(lang)、夾弄等(deng)(deng)組(zu)成。現存磚(zhuan)雕(diao)(diao)門樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)嘉(jia)靖年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)造(zao),四(si)(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)五樓(lou)(lou)牌坊(fang)式(shi),樓(lou)(lou)脊有寶瓶、三(san)(san)(san)戟、獅子和(he)(he)魚龍吻獸等(deng)(deng)吉祥飾(shi)物(wu),正(zheng)樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)(xia)書“東(dong)魯(lu)”二字,意為(wei)(wei)(wei)不忘山(shan)(shan)東(dong)先祖(zu),額枋上(shang)有高(gao)浮雕(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)雙獅戲(xi)球、麒麟、牡(mu)丹(dan)等(deng)(deng),各檐(yan)出(chu)(chu)跳仿木(mu)五踩計心斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)共十二攢,部分施象鼻(bi)昂(ang),拱(gong)(gong)(gong)眼壁(bi)等(deng)(deng)處有彩畫。樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)庫門,有泡釘,兩(liang)旁設抱鼓(gu)石(shi)和(he)(he)旗(qi)桿(gan)石(shi)。門廳(ting)(ting)面(mian)闊三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深(shen)九檁(lin)(lin),明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)抬(tai)(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)式(shi)五架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)對前(qian)后(hou)雙步,次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)抬(tai)(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)穿斗(dou)混合式(shi),磚(zhuan)制仿木(mu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)檐(yan)在(zai)清道光二十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1840年(nian)(nian)(nian))拆(chai)改出(chu)(chu)單(dan)(dan)檐(yan)歇山(shan)(shan)頂固定式(shi)戲(xi)臺,檐(yan)下(xia)(xia)撐(cheng)托獅子牛腿,該進(jin)建(jian)筑在(zai)3年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)大修中(zhong)更(geng)換(huan)了較(jiao)多的(de)(de)大木(mu)構件。戲(xi)臺正(zheng)對正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting),兩(liang)旁用(yong)(yong)(yong)廂廊(lang)各三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)圍(wei)合天井。正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting)面(mian)闊三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),用(yong)(yong)(yong)才粗壯(zhuang),結(jie)構奇巧,在(zai)當地(di)有民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)小皇宮之稱。前(qian)檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)頭和(he)(he)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)出(chu)(chu)單(dan)(dan)抄雙下(xia)(xia)昂(ang)六鋪(pu)作(zuo)共十朵(其中(zhong)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各兩(liang)朵),單(dan)(dan)材(cai)重拱(gong)(gong)(gong)計心造(zao),昂(ang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)琴面(mian)昂(ang),整體(ti)與宋元(yuan)(yuan)官式(shi)做(zuo)法相似,但(dan)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)作(zuo)無后(hou)尾,顯(xian)然以裝飾(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主、受力為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔(fu)。前(qian)廊(lang)五檁(lin)(lin),用(yong)(yong)(yong)覆水椽,梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)抬(tai)(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)式(shi)結(jie)構,單(dan)(dan)步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、三(san)(san)(san)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)五架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)扁作(zuo)月(yue)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)造(zao),梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)頭無雕(diao)(diao)飾(shi),梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)柱(zhu)(zhu)節點處用(yong)(yong)(yong)足(zu)材(cai)丁頭拱(gong)(gong)(gong),騎(qi)栿(fa)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)順檁(lin)(lin)方向出(chu)(chu)三(san)(san)(san)跳足(zu)材(cai),坐(zuo)斗(dou)下(xia)(xia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)駝峰。內(nei)槽七(qi)檁(lin)(lin),明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)抬(tai)(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)式(shi)結(jie)構,三(san)(san)(san)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、五架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、七(qi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)互(hu)相疊加成“三(san)(san)(san)疊梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)”,七(qi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)插入前(qian)后(hou)金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)櫨斗(dou),櫨斗(dou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)圓形(xing),出(chu)(chu)十字拱(gong)(gong)(gong)、蟬肚替木(mu)等(deng)(deng)承(cheng)托梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)栿(fa)。所有梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)栿(fa)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)均用(yong)(yong)(yong)騎(qi)栿(fa)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(十字拱(gong)(gong)(gong))承(cheng)托,次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)山(shan)(shan)縫抬(tai)(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)穿斗(dou)混合式(shi),中(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)落地(di),兩(liang)旁用(yong)(yong)(yong)單(dan)(dan)步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、雙步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)三(san)(san)(san)步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)疊加,風(feng)格與明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)取得統一。后(hou)廊(lang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)單(dan)(dan)步。后(hou)檐(yan)額及(ji)內(nei)額施一斗(dou)九升的(de)(de)扶(fu)壁(bi)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)襻間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)。除西(xi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)廊(lang)有石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)兩(liang)根外均用(yong)(yong)(yong)木(mu)柱(zhu)(zhu),梭柱(zhu)(zhu)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian),明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)、四(si)(si)(si)金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鼓(gu)狀柱(zhu)(zhu)礎,其余為(wei)(wei)(wei)礩(zhi)形(xing)柱(zhu)(zhu)礎。根據(ju)正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting)大木(mu)分析,專(zhuan)家斷(duan)代為(wei)(wei)(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)末(mo)明(ming)(ming)初(chu)建(jian)筑。后(hou)廳(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)(wei)清末(mo)添建(jian),三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)兩(liang)搭廂式(shi),正(zheng)房為(wei)(wei)(wei)重檐(yan)樓(lou)(lou)屋,樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)(xia)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)抬(tai)(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)構,每間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)四(si)(si)(si)扇五抹隔扇門,前(qian)廊(lang)出(chu)(chu)三(san)(san)(san)檁(lin)(lin),青石(shi)抹角方柱(zhu)(zhu),四(si)(si)(si)只人物(wu)動物(wu)牛腿為(wei)(wei)(wei)近年(nian)(nian)(nian)被盜后(hou)重新(xin)復(fu)制,兩(liang)次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)與山(shan)(shan)墻(qiang)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有木(mu)梯可登樓(lou)(lou),樓(lou)(lou)上(shang)草架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),用(yong)(yong)(yong)七(qi)檁(lin)(lin),前(qian)檐(yan)有樸素(su)的(de)(de)壺(hu)嘴形(xing)撐(cheng)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)。后(hou)廳(ting)(ting)存有供奉祖(zu)先牌位的(de)(de)神櫥,小木(mu)作(zuo)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)考(kao)究(jiu)。