臨(lin)沂市河(he)東(dong)(dong)區(qu)九(jiu)曲街道辦事處前(qian)(qian)河(he)灣村新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址是新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)歷史(shi)(shi)上一(yi)個軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部駐(zhu)地(di)(di),是華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生(sheng)地(di)(di),在中國革命(ming)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭史(shi)(shi)上具(ju)有重(zhong)大(da)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)價值。1946年(nian)6月(yue)(yue)至1947年(nian)2月(yue)(yue),新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部設于此(ci)(ci)(ci),陳(chen)毅同、粟裕及張云逸等老一(yi)輩無產階級革命(ming)家住在該(gai)村,在此(ci)(ci)(ci)指(zhi)揮(hui)了(le)著名的(de)(de)宿(su)北戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)(yi)、魯(lu)南戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)(yi)、臨(lin)沂阻擊戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),制定了(le)萊蕪戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)作戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)計劃和策略,召開了(le)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)野(ye)(ye)前(qian)(qian)委擴大(da)會議(yi),并(bing)鎮壓了(le)叛匪郝鵬(peng)舉(ju)。1947年(nian)1月(yue)(yue),遵照黨中央、中央軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委的(de)(de)指(zhi)示,華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在前(qian)(qian)河(he)灣村組(zu)建(jian)完(wan)成,至此(ci)(ci)(ci)新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)完(wan)成了(le)其光榮的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)使命(ming),前(qian)(qian)河(he)灣村也由此(ci)(ci)(ci)成為(wei)新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)個軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部駐(zhu)地(di)(di)和華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生(sheng)地(di)(di)。1947年(nian)2月(yue)(yue),我軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撤出(chu)后,敵機(ji)對其進(jin)行了(le)轟炸,房屋大(da)部分被(bei)(bei)毀(hui)。2004年(nian),河(he)灣村新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址暨華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生(sheng)地(di)(di)被(bei)(bei)確定為(wei)沂蒙精神教育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di),成為(wei)臨(lin)沂市紅色旅(lv)游專線的(de)(de)重(zhong)要景(jing)點(dian)之一(yi)。2005年(nian),新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址被(bei)(bei)確定為(wei)省級重(zhong)點(dian)文物保護單位,并(bing)被(bei)(bei)臨(lin)沂市列為(wei)創建(jian)國家歷史(shi)(shi)文化名城的(de)(de)七大(da)重(zhong)點(dian)項目(mu)之一(yi),2005年(nian)8月(yue)(yue),臨(lin)沂市按(an)照“修舊(jiu)如舊(jiu)”的(de)(de)原則對軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址進(jin)行了(le)重(zhong)新(xin)修復,日前(qian)(qian),新(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址已對社會開放。
為更真(zhen)實、更準確地(di)拓展展陳內容,提供更豐富的歷(li)史素材(cai),臨沂市各級文化部門組織工作(zuo)人員走街串巷,進家入戶(hu),通過座談了(le)解(jie)、實地(di)察(cha)看等形式,對新四軍1946至1947年在臨沂河(he)東區的革(ge)命歷(li)史史料和有(you)關的革(ge)命文物進行了(le)搶(qiang)救(jiu)性征集(ji)。
新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址暨(ji)華(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)華(hua)東野戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生地的(de)(de)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)及開館(guan)(guan),又(you)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)們提供(gong)了一(yi)處愛國主義教(jiao)育基地和紅色旅游景(jing)點,對于加強革(ge)命(ming)傳統教(jiao)育和沂蒙精(jing)神(shen)教(jiao)育,必將(jiang)(jiang)產生積極的(de)(de)影響。計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)中(zhong)的(de)(de)二期(qi)工(gong)程規劃(hua)(hua)建(jian)設將(jiang)(jiang)以修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)建(jian)成的(de)(de)新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址暨(ji)華(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)華(hua)東野戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生地紀念館(guan)(guan)為(wei)(wei)依托,以鐵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)洪流、魚(yu)水(shui)情(qing)深為(wei)(wei)形象定(ding)位,以經典的(de)(de)紅色社(she)區(qu)、場景(jing)化(hua)的(de)(de)革(ge)命(ming)紀念地、軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事文化(hua)展示地、革(ge)命(ming)生活體(ti)驗(yan)地為(wei)(wei)功能定(ding)位,以新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)史、革(ge)命(ming)時期(qi)的(de)(de)文化(hua)生活以及鄉村民俗為(wei)(wei)主要內容(rong)進行空(kong)間規劃(hua)(hua)與設計(ji)。擬修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)建(jian)設擁軍(jun)(jun)(jun)支前街、新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)部街和紅色保障街三條特(te)色街道及大(da)小景(jing)點30多個。
臨沂新(xin)四軍(jun)軍(jun)部舊址暨華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)華(hua)東(dong)野戰軍(jun)誕生地(di)二期工程(cheng)建(jian)成后(hou),將打造(zao)成山東(dong)省經典(dian)的(de)紅(hong)色(se)旅游(you)社(she)區(qu),建(jian)設成綜合(he)性的(de)旅游(you)目的(de)地(di)。
華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)是(shi)解放(fang)戰爭(zheng)時期和中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)民共和國成立初(chu)期,中(zhong)國人(ren)民解放(fang)軍(jun)的(de)大軍(jun)區(qu)之一(yi),領導和指揮華(hua)東(dong)地(di)區(qu)所(suo)屬的(de)人(ren)民武(wu)裝(zhuang)力量。
抗日戰爭(zheng)轉入大反攻后,遵(zun)照(zhao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央軍(jun)委指(zhi)示,八路軍(jun)山(shan)東軍(jun)區(qu)機關(guan)和部隊大部進軍(jun)東北(bei),新四軍(jun)軍(jun)部率一部分主(zhu)力由華(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)北(bei)移山(shan)東。留(liu)在華(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)區(qu)堅持斗爭(zheng)的新四軍(jun)部隊于(yu)1945年(nian)10~11月成立華(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)和華(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)。華(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)由張鼎丞任(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),鄧子恢任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan),粟裕、張愛(ai)萍任(ren)(ren)(ren)副司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),譚(tan)震(zhen)林任(ren)(ren)(ren)副政(zheng)治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan)兼政(zheng)治(zhi)部主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。
1946年1月,北移(yi)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)的新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)與山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)合并,組(zu)成新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)兼山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)和山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)由新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長陳毅、政(zheng)治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan)饒漱石分別兼任(ren)司(si)令員(yuan)(yuan)、政(zheng)治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan),副軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長張云逸兼任(ren)副司(si)令員(yuan)(yuan)(后羅炳輝任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長兼第二副司(si)令員(yuan)(yuan)),黎玉任(ren)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)副政(zheng)治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan)兼新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)副政(zheng)治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan),陳士(shi)榘任(ren)參(can)謀長,舒同任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)部主(zhu)任(ren),統一領導山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)、華(hua)中地區(qu)(qu)的軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事斗爭。
1947年2月初,華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)地區(qu)(qu)的人(ren)(ren)民解(jie)放(fang)軍(jun)統一(yi)整編,撤銷(xiao)新四軍(jun)兼(jian)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)、山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)和華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)番號(hao),成立華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)和華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)。華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)由陳(chen)(chen)毅(yi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),饒漱石任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),張(zhang)(zhang)云逸(yi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),黎玉任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),陳(chen)(chen)士榘(ju)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參謀(mou)長(chang),舒同任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),袁(yuan)(yuan)仲(zhong)賢(xian)、周駿鳴任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)參謀(mou)長(chang),唐亮、張(zhang)(zhang)凱任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部副(fu)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。下轄渤海軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(袁(yuan)(yuan)也烈任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),景曉村(cun)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan))、膠東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(許世友任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),林浩任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan))、魯中(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(王(wang)建(jian)安任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),向(xiang)明任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan))、魯南軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(張(zhang)(zhang)光(guang)中(zhong)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),傅(fu)秋濤(tao)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan))、蘇中(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)第(di)11縱隊(dui)兼(jian),管文(wen)蔚任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),姬鵬飛任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan))、蘇北軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(第(di)12縱隊(dui)兼(jian),陳(chen)(chen)慶先任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),曹獲秋任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan))和東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江縱隊(dui)(后擴編為兩廣縱隊(dui),歸華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)建(jian)制(zhi))、華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)大學等,共約36萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)。2—5月,華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)部隊(dui)配合(he)華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)進行了萊蕪、泰蒙、孟良崮等戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役。
1948年(nian)(nian)初,華東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)部隊進行(xing)以“訴(su)苦”(訴(su)舊社(she)會(hui)和反動(dong)(dong)派給予(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)人民之(zhi)苦)、“三查”(查階級、查工作、查斗志(zhi))為主要內容的新式整軍(jun)(jun)運動(dong)(dong)。3月,蘇北、蘇中(zhong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)合(he)并組成(cheng)(cheng)新的蘇北軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),管文蔚任(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),陳丕顯任(ren)(ren)政治委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。5月29日,淮(huai)南(nan)、淮(huai)北軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)合(he)并組成(cheng)(cheng)江淮(huai)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),陳慶(qing)先任(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),曹獲秋任(ren)(ren)政治委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。7月下(xia)旬,魯(lu)(lu)中(zhong)、魯(lu)(lu)南(nan)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)合(he)并組成(cheng)(cheng)魯(lu)(lu)中(zhong)南(nan)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),傅(fu)秋濤任(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),康生任(ren)(ren)政治委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。9月至年(nian)(nian)底(di),軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)部隊配合(he)野戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)進行(xing)濟南(nan)戰(zhan)(zhan)役、淮(huai)海戰(zhan)(zhan)役。
1949年2月(yue),華東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)機關離開山東(dong)隨第(di)三野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(由華東(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)改稱)南下,中共中央軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)(wei)決定(ding)成立新的山東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),歸(gui)華東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)領導,張(zhang)云逸兼任(ren)山東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan),康(kang)生任(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)。4月(yue),華東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)部隊(dui)參加渡江戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役,同(tong)時成立蘇南軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),并將江淮(huai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)及中原軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)所屬之皖西軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)等(deng)合并為皖北軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),曾(ceng)希(xi)圣任(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)兼政(zheng)(zheng)治委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)。5月(yue)成立皖南軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu),劉飛(fei)任(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan),牛樹才(cai)任(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)。6月(yue),華東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)機關與(yu)第(di)三野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)機關合并(保留各自番號),統一指揮野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和地(di)方部隊(dui),同(tong)時指揮在皖南、浙南、閩贛邊等(deng)地(di)堅持(chi)斗爭(zheng)的游擊武裝(zhuang)。
至1950年初,華東(dong)軍區轄(xia)第三野戰軍所屬(shu)各(ge)部隊和(he)山東(dong)、浙江(jiang)、福建(jian)、蘇(su)北、蘇(su)南(nan)、皖(wan)北、皖(wan)南(nan)等軍區和(he)淞滬、南(nan)京警備(bei)區及院校、海軍等,共(gong)120余(yu)萬人。各(ge)部隊在(zai)新解放區開展大規模剿匪斗爭,至1951年9月,共(gong)殲滅國民黨軍殘余(yu)及土(tu)匪武裝23萬余(yu)人,有力地配(pei)合了土(tu)地改革(ge)、鎮(zhen)壓反革(ge)命運動和(he)抗美(mei)援朝。
1950年4月(yue),中共(gong)中央(yang)決(jue)定撤銷(xiao)野戰(zhan)軍、兵團兩級機構(第三野戰(zhan)軍番號實際上(shang)沿用至1955年)。
至1951年底,相繼組(zu)成華東軍區(qu)海軍、空軍、公安部(bu)隊(dui)、防空部(bu)隊(dui)和炮(pao)兵、工程兵、裝甲兵等領導機關。
1952年(nian)1月(yue),皖南(nan)、皖北(bei)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)合(he)并(bing)為(wei)安徽(hui)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu),曾希圣任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan)兼政(zheng)治委(wei)員(yuan)。11月(yue),蘇南(nan)、蘇北(bei)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)合(he)并(bing)為(wei)江蘇軍(jun)區(qu)(qu),劉先(xian)(xian)勝任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan),柯慶施(shi)、蕭(xiao)望(wang)東(dong)、黃火星先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治委(wei)員(yuan)。華東(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)與第三野(ye)戰(zhan)軍(jun)合(he)并(bing)后(hou),粟(su)裕、許世友先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)華東(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)副(fu)司(si)令(ling)員(yuan),譚(tan)震林、唐亮先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)政(zheng)治委(wei)員(yuan),張(zhang)(zhang)震、張(zhang)(zhang)愛萍先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參謀長,唐亮、蕭(xiao)望(wang)東(dong)先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治部(bu)主任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和代主任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),張(zhang)(zhang)翼翔、覃健(jian)、王(wang)德先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)參謀長,鐘期光(guang)、鮑先(xian)(xian)志先(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治部(bu)副(fu)主任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。
至1954年(nian)9月(yue),華(hua)(hua)東(dong)軍區(qu)指揮所屬部隊先后(hou)解放了(le)除(chu)臺(tai)灣(wan)、澎(peng)湖、金門(men)等島(dao)(dao)以外(wai)的(de)(de)華(hua)(hua)東(dong)沿海各島(dao)(dao)嶼,并擊(ji)退國(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)軍對福建省南日島(dao)(dao)、東(dong)山島(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)竄犯。在美國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)(zheng)府和臺(tai)灣(wan)國(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)當局(ju)預(yu)謀簽訂《共同(tong)防(fang)御(yu)條(tiao)約》前后(hou),華(hua)(hua)東(dong)軍區(qu)福建前線(xian)部隊對盤踞(ju)大、小(xiao)金門(men)島(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)軍進行了(le)懲罰性炮擊(ji)。全區(qu)部隊在保衛海邊(bian)防(fang)和鞏固人民政(zheng)(zheng)權的(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi),還積極(ji)支援國(guo)(guo)家社會主(zhu)義建設,參加(jia)長江下游、淮河沿岸的(de)(de)抗洪(hong)搶險(xian)救災斗爭;大力開展軍事訓練(lian)和政(zheng)(zheng)治、文化(hua)學(xue)習(xi),促進了(le)部隊的(de)(de)革命化(hua)、現代(dai)化(hua)、正規化(hua)建設。
1955年4月,根據(ju)國務院2月11日關于(yu)全國軍(jun)區(qu)重新(xin)劃分的決(jue)定,華東軍(jun)區(qu)改編(bian)為(wei)南京軍(jun)區(qu)。原屬華東軍(jun)區(qu)的山東軍(jun)區(qu)改編(bian)為(wei)濟南軍(jun)區(qu)。
1949年2月,遵(zun)照中央(yang)軍委的(de)統(tong)一(yi)命令,華(hua)東野戰軍正式(shi)改編為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)人民解放軍第三野戰軍,陳毅為(wei)(wei)司令員(yuan)兼政(zheng)(zheng)治委員(yuan),粟裕(yu)為(wei)(wei)副(fu)司令員(yuan)兼第二(er)副(fu)政(zheng)(zheng)治委員(yuan),譚震林為(wei)(wei)第一(yi)副(fu)政(zheng)(zheng)治委員(yuan), 張震為(wei)(wei)參(can)謀長,唐亮(liang)為(wei)(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)治部主任。轄4個兵團和1個特種兵縱隊。
第(di)(di)7兵團,王(wang)建安任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司令員,譚啟(qi)龍任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員,姬鵬飛(fei)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員兼政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)主任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),李迎希(xi)(xi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參謀長,轄第(di)(di)21軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)61、第(di)(di)62、第(di)(di)63師(shi)),滕海(hai)清(qing)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,康(kang)志強任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員;第(di)(di)22軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)64、第(di)(di)65、第(di)(di)66師(shi)),孫繼先任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,丁秋生任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員;第(di)(di)23軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)67、第(di)(di)68、第(di)(di)69師(shi)),陶勇任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,盧勝任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員;第(di)(di)35軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)103、第(di)(di)104、第(di)(di)105師(shi)),吳化(hua)文任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,何(he)克(ke)希(xi)(xi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員。
第(di)(di)(di)8兵團,陳士榘任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司令員,袁(yuan)仲(zhong)賢(xian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員,江渭清(qing)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員兼政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)主任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),何(he)以祥(xiang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參謀長(chang)(chang),轄第(di)(di)(di)24軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)70、第(di)(di)(di)71、第(di)(di)(di)72師(shi)),王必成任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),廖海(hai)光任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員;第(di)(di)(di)25軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)73、第(di)(di)(di)74、75師(shi)),成鈞(jun)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),黃火星任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員;第(di)(di)(di)26軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)76、第(di)(di)(di)77、第(di)(di)(di)78師(shi)),張(zhang)仁初任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),王一(yi)平任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員;第(di)(di)(di)34軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)100、第(di)(di)(di)101、第(di)(di)(di)102師(shi)),何(he)基灃任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),趙啟民任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員。
第(di)(di)(di)9兵團,宋時輪(lun)任(ren)(ren)司令員,郭化若任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員,覃健任(ren)(ren)參謀長(chang),謝有法任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部主任(ren)(ren),轄(xia)第(di)(di)(di)20軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)58、第(di)(di)(di)59、第(di)(di)(di)60師(shi)),劉飛(fei)任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),陳時夫任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員;第(di)(di)(di)27軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)79、第(di)(di)(di)80、第(di)(di)(di)81師(shi)),聶鳳智任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang)、劉浩(hao)天任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員;第(di)(di)(di)30軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)88、第(di)(di)(di)89、第(di)(di)(di)90師(shi)),謝振華任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),李干輝任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員;第(di)(di)(di)33軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)97、第(di)(di)(di)98、第(di)(di)(di)99師(shi)),張克俠(xia)任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),韓(han)念(nian)龍任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員。
第(di)(di)10兵團,葉飛任(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan),韋(wei)國清任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan),陳(chen)(chen)慶先任(ren)(ren)參謀長(chang),劉培善任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)部主任(ren)(ren),轄(xia)第(di)(di)28軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)82、第(di)(di)83、第(di)(di)84師(shi)(shi)),朱紹清任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang),陳(chen)(chen)美(mei)藻任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan);第(di)(di)29軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)85、第(di)(di)86、第(di)(di)87師(shi)(shi)),胡炳云任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang),張藩任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan);第(di)(di)31軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)91、第(di)(di)92、第(di)(di)93師(shi)(shi)),周志堅任(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang),陳(chen)(chen)華(hua)堂(tang)任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)。特種兵縱隊番(fan)號不(bu)變,陳(chen)(chen)銳霆任(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan),張凱任(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)。
以膠(jiao)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區武裝編為第(di)32軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(轄(xia)第(di)94、第(di)95師(shi)),譚(tan)希林任軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長,彭林任政治委(wei)員(yuan),暫歸山(shan)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區指揮。兩廣縱隊撥(bo)歸第(di)四野戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)建制,曾(ceng)生(sheng)任司(si)令員(yuan),雷(lei)經天任政治委(wei)員(yuan)。
這(zhe)時(shi),華(hua)東(dong)軍區約42萬(wan)人,第(di)三野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍約58萬(wan)余(yu)人。第(di)三野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍組(zu)成后, 主(zhu)力(li)于3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun)進至廬江、無為、除縣、六合、揚州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和如皋一(yi)線, 進行(xing)渡江作戰(zhan)(zhan)的(de)各項準備(bei)工作。4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun),第(di)三野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍和第(di)二(er)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍發起渡江戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi),1949年4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)解(jie)(jie)放(fang)了國(guo)民黨22年統治的(de)中(zhong)心南京。隨(sui)后解(jie)(jie)放(fang)了杭(hang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和我(wo)國(guo)大城(cheng)市(shi)上海。至6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri), 京滬杭(hang)戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)勝利結束,殲(jian)敵約40萬(wan)余(yu)人。 第(di)7兵(bing)團在第(di)二(er)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍與華(hua)東(dong)軍區一(yi)部的(de)配合下,解(jie)(jie)放(fang)了浙(zhe)江省及(ji)沿海大部分(fen)島嶼。第(di)10兵(bing)團于7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)由(you)蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)地(di)區車(che)運南下,向福(fu)(fu)建進軍,8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)17日(ri)解(jie)(jie)放(fang)了福(fu)(fu)建省會福(fu)(fu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)。接著又舉(ju)行(xing)了漳(zhang)(州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou))廈(門(men))金(門(men))戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi),至10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun),解(jie)(jie)放(fang)了福(fu)(fu)建省及(ji)沿海大部分(fen)島嶼,殲(jian)敵約10萬(wan)余(yu)人。
為了(le)完成中央(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)所賦予的(de)各項任(ren)務及建設現代化的(de)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊,統一(yi)和(he)(he)加強(qiang)華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)地區的(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)領(ling)導,華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三野(ye)戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)領(ling)導機關于(yu)1949年7月(yue)合(he)(he)并(其名(ming)義(yi)仍保留)。同時,對(dui)野(ye)戰(zhan)部(bu)隊的(de)機構先后進行了(le)較大調(diao)整:第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)7兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)兼浙江省(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區,該兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)23軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撥歸(gui)結(jie)9兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)建制,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)35軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)全部(bu)地方化;第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)8兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)部(bu)撤銷(xiao),大部(bu)與(yu)華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)大學合(he)(he)并,組(zu)成新的(de)華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)大學(陳毅兼校(xiao)長和(he)(he)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)員),小部(bu)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)34軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)合(he)(he)并組(zu)成南京警備(bei)(bei)司(si)令(ling)部(bu)(含第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)24和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)26軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撥歸(gui)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)9兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)建市(shi);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)9兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)20、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)23、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)26、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)27軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),準備(bei)(bei)執行解放臺灣的(de)任(ren)務(后參加抗美援朝戰(zhan)爭),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)30、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)調(diao)歸(gui)淞滬(hu)警備(bei)(bei)司(si)令(ling)部(bu)建制;第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)10兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)在福(fu)州市(shi)解放后,即(ji)兼福(fu)建省(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區。 至(zhi)1949年12月(yue),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三野(ye)戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)發展到82.5萬余人(ren)。
1950年1月3日,中(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)委決定撤(che)銷第(di)三(san)(san)野(ye)戰軍(jun)第(di)30和第(di)35軍(jun)番號(hao),其(qi)成員撥歸(gui)華東海(hai)軍(jun)建制。8月,撤(che)銷第(di)二野(ye)戰軍(jun)前委,組(zu)(zu)成新的華東軍(jun)區黨(dang)委,以陳(chen)毅為(wei)第(di)一書(shu)記(ji),粟裕為(wei)第(di)二書(shu)記(ji),唐亮為(wei)第(di)三(san)(san)書(shu)記(ji)。野(ye)戰軍(jun)部(bu)隊全部(bu)歸(gui)華東軍(jun)區領導。11月, 以第(di)29和第(di)32軍(jun)軍(jun)部(bu)組(zu)(zu)建為(wei)鐵(tie)道公安司令部(bu)。