介紹
圖旦(dan)達杰(jie)(文(wen)昌廟)民俗文(wen)化(hua)景(jing)區地理位置,圖旦(dan)達杰(jie)民俗文(wen)化(hua)景(jing)區座落在(zai)(zai)縣(xian)城的西(xi)面(mian)三公里(li)處(chu),遠(yuan)離(li)縣(xian)城繁華(hua)區,環境優雅(ya),安祥寧靜,祥云繚繞(rao)(rao),香(xiang)煙(yan)濃濃,是隨喜者和香(xiang)客的最佳(jia)祈禱所。在(zai)(zai)此寶(bao)(bao)(bao)地處(chu),曾(ceng)在(zai)(zai)蓮花(hua)生大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)薩迦班(ban)支達、三、五世(shi)達賴(lai),瑪爾巴(ba)譯師(shi),夏(xia)尕巴(ba)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi),三世(shi)阿澆倉(cang)等大(da)(da)(da)德(de)成(cheng)就者親(qin)舉玉(yu)趾(zhi),加持(chi)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)地。解放后,又大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)就者,拉茂雍(yong)增仁(ren)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)切親(qin)臨,現在(zai)(zai)的時輪寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔處(chu),宣讀佛法,解脫蕓(yun)蕓(yun),沐浴清化(hua)。在(zai)(zai)我寶(bao)(bao)(bao)剎中尚有三世(shi)阿繞(rao)(rao)活佛五佛冠及自顯玉(yu)龍(long)石。
文昌帝君
文昌封(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帝(di)君(jun)(jun),并(bing)(bing)且又稱梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)帝(di)君(jun)(jun),當是(shi)元仁宗(zong)時之事。元仁宗(zong)延佑(you)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1 3 1 6年(nian)(nian)(nian))封(feng)(feng)梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)神(shen)(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“輔無開(kai)化(hua)文昌司(si)祿宏仁帝(di)君(jun)(jun)”。梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)神(shen)(shen)與文昌神(shen)(shen)合(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)神(shen)(shen)。《明史》的(de)《禮志》稱,“梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)帝(di)君(jun)(jun),姓張(zhang),名亞子(zi)(zi)(zi),居(ju)蜀(shu)七曲山,仕晉戰歿,人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)立廟祀(si)之”。張(zhang)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)即蜀(shu)人(ren)張(zhang)育(yu),東(dong)晉寧康二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(3 7 4年(nian)(nian)(nian))自稱蜀(shu)王,起義抗擊(ji)前秦蔡苻堅(jian)時戰死(si)。后人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念(nian)張(zhang)育(yu),即于梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)七曲山建(jian)祠(ci),尊奉其為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雷澤龍王。后張(zhang)育(yu)祠(ci)與同山之梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)神(shen)(shen)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)祠(ci)合(he)稱,張(zhang)育(yu)即傳稱張(zhang)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)。唐玄宗(zong)入蜀(shu)時,途經七曲山,有感于張(zhang)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)英烈(lie),遂追(zhui)封(feng)(feng)其為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)左丞(cheng)相,并(bing)(bing)重加(jia)祭(ji)祀(si)。唐僖宗(zong)避(bi)亂入蜀(shu)時,經七曲山又親(qin)祀(si)梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)神(shen)(shen),封(feng)(feng)張(zhang)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)濟順王,并(bing)(bing)新解佩劍獻神(shen)(shen)。宋(song)朝帝(di)王多有敕封(feng)(feng),如宋(song)真宗(zong)封(feng)(feng)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)英顯武烈(lie)王,宋(song)光(guang)宗(zong)時封(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)忠(zhong)文仁武孝德(de)圣(sheng)烈(lie)王,宋(song)理宗(zong)時封(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)文圣(sheng)武孝德(de)忠(zhong)仁王。元仁宗(zong)延佑(you)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1 3 1 6年(nian)(nian)(nian))敕封(feng)(feng)張(zhang)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鋪元開(kai)化(hua)文昌司(si)祿宏仁帝(di)君(jun)(jun)。于是(shi)梓(zi)潼(tong)(tong)(tong)神(shen)(shen)張(zhang)亞子(zi)(zi)(zi)遂被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文昌帝(di)君(jun)(jun)。
忠主孝(xiao)(xiao)親文(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)除有(you)抗擊戰死、忠主之(zhi)功(gong)績外,《梓潼(tong)帝君(jun)(jun)化書》稱,張(zhang)亞子“生及(ji)冠,母(mu)病(bing)疽重,乃為吮之(zhi),并于中夜(ye)自(zi)割股肉烹而(er)供,母(mu)病(bing)遂愈。后值(zhi)瘟(wen)疫(yi)流(liu)行(xing),夢神授(shou)以《大洞(dong)仙經》并法篆、謂可治邪社瘟(wen),行(xing)之(zhi)果(guo)驗”。因(yin)(yin)此,文(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)也是慈祥孝(xiao)(xiao)親的楷模(mo)。成書于宋元時的《文(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)陰騭文(wen)》列舉古(gu)代(dai)士人行(xing)善(shan)得福的事例,說明(ming)善(shan)有(you)善(shan)報(bao)(bao)(bao)、惡有(you)惡報(bao)(bao)(bao),“近報(bao)(bao)(bao)則在自(zi)己(ji),遠報(bao)(bao)(bao)則在兒孫”的因(yin)(yin)果(guo)報(bao)(bao)(bao)應,勸人行(xing)善(shan)積(ji)德。
《文(wen)(wen)昌帝(di)(di)君陰(yin)(yin)騭文(wen)(wen)》稱,文(wen)(wen)昌帝(di)(di)君曾七十三次(ci)化生人間,世(shi)為(wei)士大(da)夫,為(wei)官(guan)清廉,從未酷民性烈,同科(ke)(ke)霜白(bai)日之(zhi)不可侵犯。“濟人之(zhi)難,救人之(zhi)急,憫人之(zhi)孤(gu),容人之(zhi)過,廣行陰(yin)(yin)騭,上格(ge)蒼(cang)穹”。因此(ci),天(tian)帝(di)(di)命(ming)文(wen)(wen)昌帝(di)(di)君掌天(tian)曹桂(gui)籍(ji)文(wen)(wen)昌之(zhi)事(shi)。凡世(shi)間之(zhi)鄉舉里選,大(da)此(ci)制科(ke)(ke),大(da)此(ci)制科(ke)(ke),服色祿秩,封贈奏(zou)子,乃(nai)至二府進退等等,都歸文(wen)(wen)昌黨群(qun)管理。