濂溪先生
周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi),宋(song)朝道州營道(現今湖南道縣)人,著名哲(zhe)學(xue)家,謚號元公(謚號,死后所給的(de)稱(cheng)號),號“濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)”,世(shi)稱(cheng)“濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)先(xian)生”。理學(xue)派開山鼻祖。周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)著有《周子全書》行世(shi)。周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)曾在蓮花峰下開設濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan),世(shi)稱(cheng)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)先(xian)生,濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)是他(ta)講學(xue)的(de)講壇,他(ta)的(de)學(xue)說對以后理學(xue)的(de)發展有很大的(de)影響。周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)是把(ba)世(shi)界本(ben)源當做哲(zhe)學(xue)問題進行系統(tong)討論的(de)肇始者。
書院介紹
基本信息
九江濂溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan),始稱濂溪(xi)書(shu)堂(tang)(tang),亦(yi)稱濂溪(xi)祠。宋嘉祐六年(1061年),周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤“遷國(guo)子博士,通判虔(qian)州(今贛(gan)州市),道出江州,愛廬(lu)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)勝,有卜居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)志,因筑書(shu)堂(tang)(tang)于(yu)其(qi)麓(lu)。堂(tang)(tang)前有溪(xi),發源于(yu)蓮花峰下,潔清紺(gan)寒(han),下合于(yu)湓(pen)江,先生(sheng)濯纓而樂之(zhi)(zhi),遂寓(yu)名以濂溪(xi)。”濂溪(xi)本(ben)是(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤故里之(zhi)(zhi)名,周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤遠離故鄉(xiang)(xiang),在外地長期為官(guan),一(yi)來(lai)因為清廉(lian)而貧不能(neng)返鄉(xiang)(xiang),二來(lai)喜愛廬(lu)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)美,結屋于(yu)此,取(qu)名“濂溪(xi)書(shu)堂(tang)(tang)”,表示僑(qiao)寓(yu)此地,鄉(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)在目之(zhi)(zhi)意。該書(shu)院(yuan)歷代屢有興建,數(shu)易其(qi)址,稱謂亦(yi)有變更。
汝城濂溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan),汝城縣(xian)濂溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)始建(jian)(jian)于宋寧宗嘉定(ding)十三年(nian),是汝城人(ren)(ren)民為(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)周(zhou)敦頤而建(jian)(jian)的,距今已有785年(nian)歷(li)(li)史,被列為(wei)(wei)省級(ji)文(wen)物(wu)保護單(dan)位。濂溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)(wei)仿(fang)宋建(jian)(jian)筑,四(si)合院(yuan)(yuan)磚(zhuan)木(mu)回廊結(jie)構,建(jian)(jian)筑面積1618平方米。自創辦以(yi)來,書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)蔚起,聲名(ming)(ming)遠(yuan)播(bo),濂溪(xi)遺韻歷(li)(li)久彌(mi)光,歷(li)(li)代名(ming)(ming)師(shi)在此傳道授業,一大批(pi)經天(tian)緯(wei)地之才脫(tuo)穎而出。明(ming)(ming)代兩廣(guang)總督、太(tai)子太(tai)保朱(zhu)英,江西(xi)、福建(jian)(jian)布政使范輅,清(qing)代著名(ming)(ming)詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)郭遠(yuan),當代中國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)民解放(fang)軍上將朱(zhu)良(liang)才、李濤(tao),原(yuan)中國(guo)(guo)作家協會黨組副書(shu)(shu)記朱(zhu)子奇等(deng)均在此求學(xue)立志(zhi),邁向輝(hui)煌(huang)人(ren)(ren)生(sheng)。汝城濂溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)是為(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)北宋理學(xue)鼻祖周(zhou)敦頤而興建(jian)(jian)的紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)性建(jian)(jian)筑,是省級(ji)文(wen)物(wu)保護單(dan)位、市級(ji)愛國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)義教育基地,是傳播(bo)宋明(ming)(ming)理學(xue)的文(wen)化寶(bao)地。
稱謂和校址
據(ju)清(qing)同(tong)治十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1873年(nian)(nian)(nian))《德化縣志·書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)志》記載,九江(jiang)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)先后(hou)有四(si)(si)個稱(cheng)謂、四(si)(si)處校址(zhi):一曰濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),即早期(qi)(qi)的(de)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)堂,周敦頤逝世后(hou)改(gai)為(wei)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠,位于九江(jiang)市治之(zhi)南(nan)十(shi)五(wu)里處蓮花峰下(今廬山區十(shi)里鄉)。二(er)曰濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)港書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),在(zai)書(shu)(shu)堂左大筑學舍(she)二(er)十(shi)六楹(ying)(一列房屋稱(cheng)一楹(ying)),可見規模(mo)之(zhi)盛,后(hou)毀,明(ming)正統、嘉(jia)靖、清(qing)康熙(xi)、乾隆(long)時先后(hou)重修。明(ming)清(qing)時期(qi)(qi)又在(zai)潯陽(yang)城內建過兩所濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),一曰豐儲(chu)坊(fang)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),為(wei)明(ming)嘉(jia)靖年(nian)(nian)(nian)間兵(bing)備道陳洪蒙建,院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內有濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠、無極(ji)堂、書(shu)(shu)室(shi)五(wu)幢(chuang)、學舍(she)四(si)(si)幢(chuang)等建筑,清(qing)末已廢棄。二(er)曰新濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),在(zai)世德坊(fang)南(nan),清(qing)乾隆(long)五(wu)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1785年(nian)(nian)(nian))知(zhi)府初之(zhi)樸建,嘉(jia)慶、咸(xian)豐、同(tong)治間多次重修,原是祀濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)先生神位的(de)地(di)方,后(hou)來成為(wei)青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)學子受業(ye)習藝準備參加科舉的(de)場(chang)所。清(qing)末,在(zai)此基礎上(shang)興建九江(jiang)中(zhong)學堂。
濂(lian)溪書(shu)院綿延(yan)八百余年,造就(jiu)了一(yi)(yi)代又一(yi)(yi)代的(de)英(ying)才,堪(kan)稱九江書(shu)院史奇觀。
著書與弟子
周敦頤始(shi)筑書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)堂(tang),當是(shi)(shi)從(cong)個人(ren)退隱會友讀書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)蓍述(shu)著(zhu)眼(yan)。真(zhen)正成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan),始(shi)于(yu)(yu)1071—1072年間(jian),即周敦頤知南康(kang)軍時,尤其是(shi)(shi)在(zai)隱居書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)堂(tang)講(jiang)學(xue)之后。他潛心著(zhu)述(shu),留下了《太極圖說》、《通書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)》—宋代理學(xue)的(de)開山篇,從(cong)而成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國哲學(xue)史(shi)上宋代理學(xue)的(de)鼻祖,即客(ke)觀唯(wei)心主(zhu)義的(de)開創者(zhe),對中(zhong)(zhong)國封建社會晚(wan)期(qi)產生極大(da)影響。不僅(jin)如此,他還培(pei)養(yang)了聲名(ming)(ming)煊赫(he)的(de)兩名(ming)(ming)弟(di)子(zi):程(cheng)顥(hao)、程(cheng)頤兩兄(xiong)弟(di)。他們是(shi)(shi)早年由(you)周敦頤在(zai)南安(今南康(kang)縣)因程(cheng)父程(cheng)珦之托而收留、受業于(yu)(yu)濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)的(de),程(cheng)顥(hao)受周敦頤影響更大(da)些(xie),二程(cheng)后來都成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)宋代著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)理學(xue)家。宋元之際學(xue)者(zhe)吳澄(1249—1333),江西崇仁人(ren),官至元代翰林學(xue)士,他曾在(zai)濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)邊休養(yang),一(yi)邊講(jiang)學(xue),認(ren)真(zhen)閱讀院(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)藏書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),研究理學(xue),折中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)(yu)朱(zhu)(熹)、陸(九淵)兩派,知名(ming)(ming)一(yi)時。
地位
濂溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)中國書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)史(shi)(shi)、教育(yu)史(shi)(shi)、哲學(xue)史(shi)(shi)上(shang),有(you)著不(bu)容(rong)忽(hu)視的(de)(de)重要(yao)地位,在(zai)(zai)理學(xue)發展(zhan)史(shi)(shi)上(shang),更處(chu)于其他(ta)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)無法比擬的(de)(de)核心、靈魂和淵(yuan)源(yuan)的(de)(de)顯赫(he)位置。歷(li)史(shi)(shi)上(shang)到九江(jiang)濂溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)求學(xue)、游學(xue)、拜(bai)謁、尋訪者,可謂連綿(mian)不(bu)斷。許(xu)多(duo)名人(ren)諸如黃庭堅、蘇軾、“二(er)程”、朱(zhu)熹、王守仁等等,都曾在(zai)(zai)此駐有(you)足跡。南宋淳熙四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1177年(nian)(nian)(nian))朱(zhu)熹撰《濂溪(xi)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)祠堂記》、《濂溪(xi)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)畫像記》。兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)后,他(ta)知南康軍,不(bu)僅(jin)懷著對先(xian)(xian)師敬仰(yang)之情,遍(bian)訪元公當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)南康、廬山(shan)、江(jiang)州的(de)(de)遺跡,修繕先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)舊居,建“愛(ai)蓮(lian)碑”、題“愛(ai)蓮(lian)匾”,還親自把白鹿洞書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)生(sheng)徒帶到山(shan)北拜(bai)謁濂溪(xi)祠。“我率諸生(sheng)拜(bai)祠下,要(yao)令(ling)今古播清芬”,可見參(can)拜(bai)的(de)(de)情景與目的(de)(de)。
演變
書(shu)(shu)院的(de)創辦之初(chu)帶有(you)濃厚的(de)私(si)人講學(xue)交友(you)的(de)痕(hen)跡。“或吟或冥默,或酒或鳴(ming)琴。數十(shi)(shi)黃卷軸,賢圣談無音”(周敦頤《濂溪(xi)港》)記載了濂溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院初(chu)期狀況。到(dao)后來,基(ji)本上(shang)由官(guan)府(fu)(fu)辦學(xue)。重建(jian)(jian)、修復(fu)的(de)資(zi)金由府(fu)(fu)、縣承擔。即如宋(song)王象(xiang)(xiang)之《輿地紀(ji)勝》云:“(濂溪(xi)先生)后百(bai)余年(nian)(nian),象(xiang)(xiang)之先君子守九江,為(wei)建(jian)(jian)拙堂(tang)及愛蓮堂(tang)于祠之側。又其(qi)后,象(xiang)(xiang)之季史觀(guan)之為(wei)德化宰,新造祠宇、書(shu)(shu)院、講堂(tang),為(wei)屋(wu)數十(shi)(shi)間,仿白(bai)鹿洞院例(li),招致名(ming)儒(ru)以(yi)為(wei)堂(tang)長,諸(zhu)縣舉秀民以(yi)為(wei)生員,仍置田租以(yi)贍之,至(zhi)今不廢。”“乾(qian)隆(long)二十(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)知府(fu)(fu)董榕復(fu)移建(jian)(jian)(濂溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院)于蓮花峰下。后因蓮花峰頭(tou)澗水潮濕,風雨飄搖,肄業學(xue)子不能安居(ju),屋(wu)遂傾圮。二十(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian),知府(fu)(fu)溫(wen)保初(chu)對肄業諸(zhu)生每月于府(fu)(fu)學(xue)明倫堂(tang)考(kao)課,給(gei)以(yi)膏火,至(zhi)今因焉。”(錄同(tong)治《德化志》)
邵陽濂溪書院
濂溪書院,是邵陽人(ren)民為紀念(nian)周敦(dun)頤(yi)先生開發邵陽教育事業(ye)的(de)豐功偉績并繼承(cheng)其事業(ye)而創建(jian)的(de)一所半官半私性質的(de)學(xue)校,是明(ming)、清間寶慶府轄區民間最高學(xue)府。
基本情況
歷(li)(li)史沿革(ge):濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)希濂(lian)(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)并(bing)而(er)成(cheng)。明嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)三(san)十一年(nian)(nian),分守下湖(hu)南道(dao)參(can)議楊逢春創建(jian)(jian)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),陳慶(qing)作《東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)》云:“嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)歲在(zai)壬子(zi)之(zhi)次(ci),邵(shao)陽(yang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)。十一月奉使岷藩,道(dao)經邵(shao)陽(yang),兩庠生(sheng)……來征(zheng)言曰:‘敞邑東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舊為(wei)(wei)寺,在(zai)資水之(zhi)東(dong)(dong)(dong),我藩參(can)西(xi)渠楊先生(sheng)聽民理戎之(zhi)暇,進諸生(sheng)講(jiang)學于(yu)茲,喟然嘆曰:民居環列若是也,寺可群乎?遂(sui)遷僧眾而(er)予之(zhi)處。于(yu)是革(ge)故建(jian)(jian)新,崇(chong)(chong)規(gui)學制(zhi),更題其(qi)名為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)………”(《寶(bao)慶(qing)府(fu)(fu)志(zhi)·禮書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)六》)。明末,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于(yu)戰火。清順治十五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(1658年(nian)(nian)),寶(bao)慶(qing)知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)張惟養,邵(shao)陽(yang)知(zhi)(zhi)縣濮萬鎰重(zhong)修(xiu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),康熙元年(nian)(nian)(1662年(nian)(nian)),邵(shao)陽(yang)知(zhi)(zhi)縣顏(yan)堯揆等(deng)增建(jian)(jian)門屏、墻(qiang)垣、房舍等(deng),使書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)略(lve)有成(cheng)規(gui),恢復了(le)明時舊觀(guan)。康熙十一年(nian)(nian),知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)李益(yi)陽(yang)增建(jian)(jian)講(jiang)堂(tang),至此(ci),“書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)制(zhi)大備(bei),人咸呼為(wei)(wei)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,但(dan)尚未正式(shi)(shi)更名。與此(ci)同時,又別建(jian)(jian)希濂(lian)(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)上,講(jiang)堂(tang)、后院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室具備(bei)(同上)。乾(qian)隆十年(nian)(nian)(1745年(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)王瑋再次(ci)維修(xiu),“恢崇(chong)(chong)舍宇,以(yi)樂育人才”。吳(wu)嗣富(fu)作《濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)碑(bei)記(ji)》,從此(ci),有關文(wen)獻正式(shi)(shi)稱該(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)(wei)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾(qian)隆二十四年(nian)(nian),寶(bao)慶(qing)知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)鄭之(zhi)僑(qiao)籌(chou)資重(zhong)修(xiu),將原東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)、希濂(lian)(lian)(lian)兩書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)為(wei)(wei)一所(suo),移(yi)祠西(xi)向,更其(qi)門額為(wei)(wei)“濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,自(zi)此(ci),該(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正式(shi)(shi)改(gai)稱“濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。鄭之(zhi)僑(qiao)自(zi)作《新建(jian)(jian)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)》以(yi)紀之(zhi)。嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)十九年(nian)(nian)(1814年(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)柳邁祖重(zhong)修(xiu),自(zi)作《重(zhong)修(xiu)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)》紀其(qi)事(shi)。咸豐九年(nian)(nian)(1859年(nian)(nian))太(tai)平天(tian)國翼(yi)王石(shi)達(da)開率三(san)十萬大軍(jun)圍寶(bao)慶(qing)府(fu)(fu)城,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于(yu)戰火。同治二年(nian)(nian)(1863年(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)邵(shao)綬名主持(chi)重(zhong)修(xiu)。民國之(zhi)后,廢除科舉制(zhi)度,一度將該(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)安和(he)鎮中心小學及邵(shao)陽(yang)佛教協會駐地,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的歷(li)(li)史至此(ci)終結(jie)。
書院規模
濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)前身為東(dong)山書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和希(xi)(xi)濂(lian)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。東(dong)山書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)校門(men)、云衢(qu)、景濂(lian)堂、列舍(she)、濂(lian)溪(xi)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)、會心室等(deng),是(shi)一(yi)處三正(zheng)兩(liang)(liang)橫(heng)外加校門(men)、通(tong)衢(qu)的(de)四(si)合(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),清(qing)康熙元年又(you)增建(jian)門(men)屏(即照墻)、墻垣、房舍(she)等(deng),其(qi)(qi)(qi)規模(mo)更(geng)加擴(kuo)大了;希(xi)(xi)濂(lian)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)講堂、后堂、書(shu)(shu)室、列舍(she)等(deng)建(jian)筑(zhu),系兩(liang)(liang)正(zheng)兩(liang)(liang)橫(heng)的(de)四(si)合(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾隆二十(shi)(shi)四(si)年,知府鄭之(zhi)僑將(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)所書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)并,更(geng)名“濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,并將(jiang)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)校舍(she)、祠(ci)(ci)(ci)宇(yu)整舊換新(xin),又(you)新(xin)建(jian)亭(ting)、臺、館、閣(ge)(ge)若(ruo)干,使其(qi)(qi)(qi)規模(mo)進一(yi)步擴(kuo)大。據鄭之(zhi)僑《新(xin)建(jian)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》所載,新(xin)建(jian)之(zhi)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),“壘(lei)石為臺,崇(chong)九(jiu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),廣三十(shi)(shi)五(wu)丈(zhang),修得廣之(zhi)半(ban)”,即其(qi)(qi)(qi)臺基(ji)高九(jiu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),約3米(mi);通(tong)面闊三十(shi)(shi)五(wu)丈(zhang),約120米(mi);總(zong)(zong)進深為面闊之(zhi)半(ban),約60米(mi);總(zong)(zong)占(zhan)地面積約7200平方米(mi)。中軸線(xian)上之(zhi)主體(ti)建(jian)筑(zhu)依(yi)次為三希(xi)(xi)堂(又(you)稱致道(dao)堂)、敦(dun)崇(chong)實(shi)學室、藏書(shu)(shu)樓、觀瀾閣(ge)(ge);兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)之(zhi)廂(xiang)房左為敬德,右曰居(ju)業,是(shi)為生(sheng)員修習之(zhi)所;其(qi)(qi)(qi)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)又(you)各有(you)(you)(you)廡(wu)房十(shi)(shi)余(yu)間(jian),系庖廚(chu)、餐飲及(ji)食物儲存之(zhi)所;院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前筑(zhu)門(men)樓,“臺高八尺(chi)(chi)(chi),護以回欄(lan);閣(ge)(ge)高四(si)丈(zhang)五(wu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),翼以欄(lan)楯,可頫可眺。閣(ge)(ge)之(zhi)旁危石列榭,是(shi)為朋來亭(ting)。”大門(men)之(zhi)“外有(you)(you)(you)崇(chong)坊,額曰‘賢關’,體(ti)閑(xian)先(xian)圣之(zhi)道(dao),亦(yi)示義利(li)分途也”。書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)“后座一(yi)筵,祀(si)周子、朱子”,又(you)以張無垢、陸(lu)子壽、程頤、程顥配(pei)之(zhi),即六(liu)先(xian)生(sheng)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)也。祠(ci)(ci)(ci)后“環之(zhi)以垣,別存舊祠(ci)(ci)(ci)三楹,一(yi)以主劉(liu)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)祠(ci)(ci)(ci),一(yi)祀(si)曾、賀、李、何、王五(wu)君(jun)”,此即東(dong)山寺之(zhi)劉(liu)公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci),五(wu)忠祠(ci)(ci)(ci),與(yu)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)相鄰,亦(yi)常與(yu)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并稱。至此,濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)達到鼎盛(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)期,其(qi)(qi)(qi)“稱名之(zhi)盛(sheng)(sheng),亦(yi)幾與(yu)四(si)大書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)埒”(見(寶慶府志(zhi)·禮書(shu)(shu)六(liu)》)。
田產與經費
濂溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)因系(xi)半(ban)官(guan)半(ban)民性質(zhi)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)校,官(guan)方無(wu)固(gu)定的(de)(de)經費,學(xue)(xue)校生(sheng)(sheng)員的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活及學(xue)(xue)習(xi)費用,主(zhu)要(yao)靠社(she)會(hui)各(ge)界捐助的(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)產(chan)來維持(chi)。清(qing)康(kang)熙(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian),該(gai)書院(yuan)(指(zhi)其前(qian)身東山書院(yuan))尚“無(wu)官(guan)師(shi)(shi)董治及置(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)膳養之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,康(kang)熙(xi)(xi)三(san)(san)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(1693年(nian)),邵(shao)(shao)陽知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)王省置(zhi)膳士田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)二(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)(san)十(shi)八(ba)(ba)畝有(you)奇,每歲獲租(zu)(zu)(zu)可四(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)石(shi)(shi),分而為(wei)三(san)(san):一(yi)(yi)送縣(xian)(xian)學(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)送九館(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)為(wei)諸生(sheng)(sheng)膏火”。其后,又相繼將(jiang)五(wu)館(guan)、九館(guan)、十(shi)一(yi)(yi)館(guan)及義學(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)產(chan),統歸(gui)濂溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)管理,“于(yu)是,濂溪(xi)(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)租(zu)(zu)(zu)入頗富矣”。乾(qian)隆十(shi)年(nian),“知(zhi)府(fu)王瑋檄經歷向雯(wen)、邵(shao)(shao)陽典史康(kang)裕履(lv)畝清(qing)勘計(ji)實”,計(ji)有(you)膳士田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)十(shi)六(liu)(liu)畝六(liu)(liu)四(si)(si),科租(zu)(zu)(zu)五(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)七(qi)十(shi)石(shi)(shi)九八(ba)(ba);賓興(xing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)五(wu)十(shi)五(wu)畝,科租(zu)(zu)(zu)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)石(shi)(shi);李公義學(xue)(xue)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)十(shi)畝一(yi)(yi),科租(zu)(zu)(zu)十(shi)六(liu)(liu)石(shi)(shi)。共計(ji)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)畝二(er)(er)(er)(er)四(si)(si),租(zu)(zu)(zu)六(liu)(liu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)九八(ba)(ba)。這些田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)租(zu)(zu)(zu),除給九館(guan)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)租(zu)(zu)(zu)谷(gu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)石(shi)(shi)外,歲完(wan)正(zheng)賦(fu)八(ba)(ba)兩,扣除賓興(xing)原額(e)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)兩,其余(yu)全(quan)部歸(gui)濂溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)所有(you),又將(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)學(xue)(xue)貧士田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)租(zu)(zu)(zu)四(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)九十(shi)石(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)八(ba)(ba)三(san)(san)八(ba)(ba)除解學(xue)(xue)政(zheng)賑貧及布政(zheng)司完(wan)餉的(de)(de)七(qi)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)兩六(liu)(liu)三(san)(san)(合租(zu)(zu)(zu)谷(gu)約(yue)七(qi)十(shi)石(shi)(shi))之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,悉歸(gui)書院(yuan)。這時,濂溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)名下的(de)(de)租(zu)(zu)(zu)入總計(ji)達九百(bai)(bai)(bai)石(shi)(shi)有(you)余(yu)。乾(qian)隆二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian),知(zhi)府(fu)鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑將(jiang)籌建(jian)濂溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)所節(jie)余(yu)的(de)(de)千兩白銀(yin)(yin)存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邵(shao)(shao)陽、武岡二(er)(er)(er)(er)質(zhi)庫,歲收(shou)子銀(yin)(yin)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)兩,及以(yi)前(qian)公存質(zhi)庫歲收(shou)子銀(yin)(yin)一(yi)(yi)百(bai)(bai)(bai)七(qi)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)兩余(yu),全(quan)部作(zuo)為(wei)師(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)修脯膏火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用,保障了來此學(xue)(xue)習(xi)諸生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活及學(xue)(xue)習(xi)所需。
書院山長
濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)山長(chang),見于(yu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乘(cheng)者,其(qi)(qi)(qi)前身東山書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)首任山長(chang)為(wei)(wei)楊(yang)孟仁(ren),繼(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)者楊(yang)廷(ting)芳,而(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)平(ping)(ping)行(xing)狀皆(jie)無可(ke)考,清乾隆十(shi)年(nian)(nian)在任的(de)山長(chang)為(wei)(wei)李芳華,生(sheng)(sheng)平(ping)(ping)行(xing)狀亦(yi)無考。道光年(nian)(nian)間(jian),寶慶(qing)名士(shi)、古文(wen)獻(xian)(xian)學(xue)家兼詩人(ren)(ren)鄧顯鶴曾(ceng)任濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)山長(chang)。鄧顯鶴,字(zi)子(zi)立,又字(zi)湘皋(gao),寶慶(qing)新化(hua)(今屬(shu)婁底市(shi))人(ren)(ren),嘉慶(qing)九年(nian)(nian)(1804年(nian)(nian))舉人(ren)(ren)。博覽群書(shu)(shu)(shu),足跡遍(bian)天下,凡海內文(wen)人(ren)(ren),多(duo)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)平(ping)(ping)喜搜集文(wen)獻(xian)(xian)掌故,嘗謂“征文(wen)考獻(xian)(xian),當(dang)自(zi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)鄉始”,而(er)“湖南自(zi)屈原、賈(jia)誼(yi)以來,通人(ren)(ren)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),仍世相(xiang)(xiang)望,而(er)文(wen)字(zi)放佚(yi),湮郁(yu)不宣”。因“網羅散失,為(wei)(wei)《資江耆舊(jiu)集》六十(shi)四卷(juan)、《沅湘耆舊(jiu)集》二(er)(er)(er)百卷(juan)。遍(bian)求周圣楷《楚寶》一(yi)書(shu)(shu)(shu),匡(kuang)謬拾遺,為(wei)(wei)《楚寶增(zeng)輯考異》四十(shi)五(wu)卷(juan)。又主(zhu)編《寶慶(qing)府(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》百五(wu)十(shi)七卷(juan)、《武岡州志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》三十(shi)四卷(juan)等(deng)鴻(hong)(hong)篇巨著,系濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)山長(chang)中成就(jiu)最(zui)著者。晚授(shou)寧鄉訓(xun)導,尋乞病歸。與(yu)邵陽魏(wei)源最(zui)友(you)善,嘗相(xiang)(xiang)攜游學(xue)長(chang)沙、京師等(deng)地,其(qi)(qi)(qi)終生(sheng)(sheng)鴻(hong)(hong)雁(yan)傳書(shu)(shu)(shu)不輟。魏(wei)源嘗為(wei)(wei)鄧顯鶴《南村(cun)耦耕圖》記云:“夫勞人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)竟(jing)以知能,野人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)忘以無事,獨怪予(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)浮(fu)沉于(yu)二(er)(er)(er)者之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian),而(er)無一(yi)所自(zi)處也。……鄧子(zi)歸,其(qi)(qi)(qi)詢諸(zhu)仲(zhong)氏(shi),更(geng)有得(de)焉,速(su)以告余,當(dang)荷鍤而(er)相(xiang)(xiang)從(cong)于(yu)寂寞之(zhi)(zhi)符也”(李柏榮《魏(wei)源師友(you)記》)。由此可(ke)知二(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)契之(zhi)(zhi)厚矣(yi)。此后任濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)山長(chang)而(er)行(xing)跡可(ke)考者僅二(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren),一(yi)為(wei)(wei)楊(yang)修職(zhi),其(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)篤(du)實(shi)剛(gang)耿,“課徒嚴且勤,諸(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)翕然奮興”,逝(shi)后入祀濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan);一(yi)為(wei)(wei)劉榮干,咸豐(1851~1861年(nian)(nian))、同治(zhi)(1862~1874年(nian)(nian))間(jian)主(zhu)講于(yu)此。“諸(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)翕然附之(zhi)(zhi)”(見《邵陽市(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)·教(jiao)育志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》)。
周(zhou)(zhou)敦(dun)頤先生是邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)歷史上一(yi)位極為(wei)重要的人(ren)物,清人(ren)吳嗣富《濂(lian)溪(xi)書院碑記》云(yun):“嘗考志書所載,勝跡為(wei)多,其間最著者(zhe)(zhe)有二:曰(yue)甘棠渡(du),曰(yue)濂(lian)溪(xi)祠。上下數千(qian)百年,濟(ji)斯(si)(si)渡(du)者(zhe)(zhe),如沐旬宣;拜斯(si)(si)祠者(zhe)(zhe),如親光(guang)霽。一(yi)以(yi)(yi)政績傳,一(yi)以(yi)(yi)道(dao)脈傳也。”前者(zhe)(zhe)是紀念(nian)西(xi)周(zhou)(zhou)初年召公姬奭巡(xun)行南國,開發邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)的歷史功績;后者(zhe)(zhe)即為(wei)紀念(nian)周(zhou)(zhou)敦(dun)頤先生發展邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)教育事業的豐功偉(wei)績。近千(qian)年以(yi)(yi)來,邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)人(ren)們紀念(nian)周(zhou)(zhou)敦(dun)頤先生的文物遺跡極為(wei)豐富,因篇幅(fu)及(ji)本人(ren)見(jian)識所限,遺記尚(shang)多,謬誤之處,亦在所難免。敬請(qing)熟悉(xi)邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)掌故的前輩與(yu)同仁批評(ping)及(ji)補證。
贛州濂溪書院
贛州濂溪書院
濂溪書院
創(chuang)建(jian)于宋朝(chao)嘉祐年(nian)(nian)間(1056~1063),院(yuan)(yuan)址設(she)在水(shui)東(dong)玉(yu)虛(xu)觀(guan)邊(bian)(今水(shui)東(dong)小學(xue)內),是周(zhou)敦頤(yi)(字(zi)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi))任虔州通判時與程顥、程頤(yi)等弟子(zi)講(jiang)學(xue)之處。元朝(chao)末年(nian)(nian)書院(yuan)(yuan)毀于戰爭。明(ming)洪武四年(nian)(nian)(1371)知(zhi)縣(xian)崔(cui)天錫(xi)重建(jian),弘治十三年(nian)(nian)(1500)知(zhi)府(fu)何光(guang)將書院(yuan)(yuan)改建(jian)于郁孤臺下,崇禎十三年(nian)(nian)(1640)知(zhi)縣(xian)陳履忠(zhong)將書院(yuan)(yuan)遷(qian)建(jian)于光(guang)孝(xiao)寺右邊(bian)(今贛(gan)一中內),改名為廉(lian)泉(quan)書院(yuan)(yuan)。清順治十年(nian)(nian)(1653),巡撫南贛(gan)都御史劉武元將廉(lian)泉(quan)書院(yuan)(yuan)復名為濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)(yuan),并在大堂設(she)周(zhou)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)和(he)二(er)程像。招收府(fu)屬十二(er)縣(xian)生徒肄業其中。其后(hou)多有擴建(jian),有東(dong)西(xi)講(jiang)堂、濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠、夜話亭、齋舍等建(jian)筑。
乾隆十七年(1752),濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)寧三府(fu)一(yi)州官辦(ban)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),清末為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)汀道(dao)道(dao)立書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。光(guang)緒二(er)十四年(1898),在濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)創(chuang)辦(ban)致用中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang),這(zhe)是贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)創(chuang)辦(ban)新學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)先(xian)聲。光(guang)緒二(er)十八(1902),贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)巡道(dao)劉心源和地方紳士劉心源和地方紳士劉景熙將整個(ge)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改辦(ban)為(wei)(wei)(wei)虔南(nan)(nan)師范。此后(hou)(hou),先(xian)后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)寧師范學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang)、贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)寧師范學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang)、省(sheng)立第二(er)師范學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校、省(sheng)立贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)縣區(qu)中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、省(sheng)立第三中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。1933年8月起,復名省(sheng)立贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)縣區(qu)中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)時贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)最高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)府(fu)。解(jie)放后(hou)(hou),改名為(wei)(wei)(wei)江西(xi)省(sheng)立贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)州中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。1953年,改名江西(xi)省(sheng)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)州市第一(yi)中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)至今。濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自創(chuang)建(jian)以來,三易其(qi)地,已有900多年的(de)(de)歷史,其(qi)中(zhong)夜(ye)話亭現(xian)保存在贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)州市第一(yi)中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)。故水東可稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)教育的(de)(de)發祥地。
我生近圣(sheng)人居,教(jiao)澤如新,敢忘魯壁金絲(si),尼山木鐸;
此來(lai)繼賢者后,風(feng)流未泯,竊愿士崇禮儀(yi),俗尚弦歌。
佚名題濂溪書院
夜話亭
夜(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭,位(wei)于江西贛州古城區(qu)東南,現厚德(de)路的贛州市第一(yi)中學內。旁有一(yi)泉,相傳南北(bei)朝劉宋(song)元(yuan)嘉年(nian)間(424-435年(nian)),一(yi)夕雷震,泉忽涌出,遂以太守(shou)廉取(qu)名(ming)“廉泉”。宋(song)知軍(jun)越履祥(xiang)建廉泉亭。北(bei)宋(song)紹圣(sheng)元(yuan)年(nian)(1094年(nian))蘇軾貶官嶺(ling)南,過(guo)虔州(今贛州),慕名(ming)造訪當地(di)名(ming)賢陽孝本(ben),兩人(ren)相處(chu)甚歡,游祥(xiang)符宮,觀(guan)廉泉并(bing)在此談心至(zhi)深夜(ye)和作詩。因此后人(ren)改(gai)廉泉亭為(wei)夜(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭。清康熙六十(shi)年(nian)(1721年(nian))撤亭建坊(fang),額為(wei)“贛第一(yi)泉”。乾隆四十(shi)三年(nian)(1778年(nian))易(yi)坊(fang)為(wei)亭。額為(wei)“光風霽月(yue)”,并(bing)仍懸(xuan)“贛第一(yi)泉”匾于此。夜(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭為(wei)新建,尚存乾隆濂(lian)溪書院山長吳湘皋刻的《蘇陽二公夜(ye)話(hua)(hua)圖(tu)》碑。列為(wei)省級文物保(bao)護單位(wei)。
汝城濂溪書院
2001年以來,汝城縣委(wei)、縣政(zheng)府按照(zhao)文(wen)物“修舊如(ru)舊”的(de)原則對濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)進行了(le)修復,完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)廣場建(jian)設(she)、前坪鋪設(she)、室(shi)內陳(chen)列以及(ji)美化亮(liang)(liang)化工(gong)程(cheng),全(quan)面提升了(le)書(shu)院(yuan)的(de)文(wen)化品位,受到了(le)上(shang)級領導和湖南省周敦頤(yi)研究專家(jia)的(de)好評。重(zhong)修后的(de)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)了(le)汝城文(wen)化事(shi)業發展的(de)亮(liang)(liang)點和游覽觀光的(de)熱點,是愛(ai)國主義教育和保持共(gong)產黨員先進性教育基地,黨政(zheng)要員、莘莘學子、文(wen)人墨客拜謁(ye)者絡繹不絕(jue)。