一、什么是集中供暖
在寒(han)冷(leng)的冬季,北(bei)方的城市會采(cai)取集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖的形式(shi)為住(zhu)宅(zhai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)采(cai)暖,所謂的集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖,實際上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)集(ji)中(zhong)集(ji)團式(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖的一種形式(shi),供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖企(qi)業(ye)(ye)劃分片區,施工鋪管(guan)至每家每戶,業(ye)(ye)主需(xu)要(yao)(yao)在規(gui)定時間到指定地(di)點繳費,然后由(you)單位安排試壓,等氣(qi)(qi)溫降下來(lai)以后,統(tong)一供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖;一般供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖的溫度是(shi)(shi)(shi)設定好的,不管(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否需(xu)要(yao)(yao),都是(shi)(shi)(shi)全天供(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)的,若業(ye)(ye)主發現室內溫度達不到約定的標準,可(ke)申請退款。集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖主要(yao)(yao)采(cai)用地(di)暖形式(shi),存在管(guan)網熱(re)損失、管(guan)路輸送能耗、初(chu)期建設成(cheng)本高等不利因(yin)素(su),且(qie)由(you)于建設或運行管(guan)理水平原因(yin)會造成(cheng)冷(leng)熱(re)不均(jun)的情況(kuang),但從(cong)大環境(jing)講,對北(bei)方地(di)區來(lai)說,天氣(qi)(qi)比(bi)較冷(leng),需(xu)要(yao)(yao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖時間長,集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖是(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)較經濟節能、安全環保的采(cai)暖系統(tong)形式(shi)。
二、供熱采暖系統節能方式
隨著人(ren)們生(sheng)活(huo)質量及知識水平的(de)提(ti)高,人(ren)們的(de)節能(neng)(neng)環保意識不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng),為了提(ti)高資源的(de)利用(yong)率,減(jian)少(shao)污染排放,需要嚴(yan)格要求供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)統各個環節。供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)系(xi)統節能(neng)(neng)的(de)主要途徑和措施有(you):1、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源方面:選(xuan)擇合適的(de)鍋(guo)爐設備、提(ti)高操作(zuo)技術、運用(yong)新的(de)節能(neng)(neng)技術。2、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)網方面:采(cai)(cai)用(yong)平衡調節技術、聚氨酯(zhi)保溫直埋(mai)技術,實(shi)(shi)現熱(re)(re)(re)(re)力管(guan)網的(de)水力平衡,減(jian)少(shao)供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)道的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)損耗,加(jia)(jia)強供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)耗全程監測,定(ding)期維護管(guan)理供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)設備。3、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)用(yong)戶方面:讓(rang)用(yong)戶逐漸樹立良好(hao)的(de)觀念,做到經濟取暖(nuan);推(tui)廣分戶雙管(guan)系(xi)統,實(shi)(shi)施熱(re)(re)(re)(re)表(biao)到戶、計量收費;加(jia)(jia)強節能(neng)(neng)培訓(xun)工作(zuo)力度,提(ti)高節能(neng)(neng)減(jian)耗意識。
三、供熱采暖面積算公攤面積嗎
供(gong)熱采暖是按(an)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de),一般以(yi)(yi)房(fang)屋(wu)所有權證(zheng)標明的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)為準,對未列入(ru)房(fang)屋(wu)所有權證(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(贈送(song)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji))部(bu)分,有供(gong)暖設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)應予收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei),無供(gong)暖設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)予收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei),公攤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)屬于建筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)分,因此也(ye)要收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei),具(ju)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)標準是:室內(nei)(nei)(nei)凈高在(zai)2.2米(含2.2米)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de),按(an)房(fang)屋(wu)套內(nei)(nei)(nei)建筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)60%收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei);室內(nei)(nei)(nei)凈高在(zai)2.2米以(yi)(yi)上,2.7米(含2.7米)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de),按(an)房(fang)屋(wu)套內(nei)(nei)(nei)建筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)90%收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei);室內(nei)(nei)(nei)凈高在(zai)2.7米以(yi)(yi)上,按(an)房(fang)屋(wu)實際套內(nei)(nei)(nei)建筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)。
四、采暖設備有哪幾種
采暖設備種類眾多,按大類可分為電采暖設備和水采暖設備兩大類,其中,電采暖設備又包括電暖氣片、壁掛爐、空調、暖風機、電熱油汀、小太陽等,優點是低碳環保,采暖率高;缺點是有輻射,使用成本高。水采暖設備包括水暖氣片、水地暖、水暖毯、水暖床墊、熱水袋、太陽能集熱器等,優點是舒適節能,使用壽命長;缺點是控溫不好,需定期清潔。不管選哪種采暖設備,都要選擇正規優質的供熱采暖品牌購買。