應急(ji)燈原理是什么(me)? 消防應急(ji)照明燈布燈位置
應急燈的作用
消防應急燈作為(wei)(wei)在火災現(xian)(xian)場及不可抗拒災難(nan)事故發生時,為(wei)(wei)被困在事故現(xian)(xian)場的人員尋找(zhao)(發現(xian)(xian))緊急(ji)逃生安全(quan)出口通道時提供(gong)應急(ji)照(zhao)明和方(fang)向指(zhi)示的必備燈具。
當發生(sheng)突發性的停電、火災(zai)(zai)事(shi)故(gu)的發生(sheng)或地震(zhen)等不可抗拒的災(zai)(zai)難事(shi)故(gu)發生(sheng)時,用(yong)于事(shi)故(gu)現場(chang)人員的緊急(ji)疏散,迅速(su)逃離(li)現場(chang),對被困現場(chang)人員的營救(jiu),提供(gong)指(zhi)示照明(ming);并且適(shi)用(yong)于一(yi)般家庭的使用(yong)。
應急燈原理
國內使(shi)用的應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明系統以自(zi)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源獨立控(kong)制型(xing)為主,正常(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源接自(zi)普通照明供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)回路中,平時(shi)對應(ying)(ying)(ying)急燈(deng)(deng)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),當正常(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源切斷時(shi),備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi))自(zi)動供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。這種形(xing)式的應(ying)(ying)(ying)急燈(deng)(deng)每個燈(deng)(deng)具內部都有變壓、穩壓、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、逆(ni)變、蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)等大量的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元器(qi)件,應(ying)(ying)(ying)急燈(deng)(deng)在使(shi)用、檢修(xiu)、故障時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)均(jun)需(xu)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
另(ling)一種是集(ji)中(zhong)電(dian)源集(ji)中(zhong)控制型,應(ying)急(ji)燈具內(nei)(nei)無(wu)獨(du)立電(dian)源,正(zheng)常照明電(dian)源故障時,由(you)集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)電(dian)系(xi)統供(gong)電(dian)。在這種形(xing)式的(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)照明系(xi)統中(zhong),所有(you)燈具內(nei)(nei)部復雜(za)的(de)(de)電(dian)子電(dian)路被(bei)省掉(diao)了,應(ying)急(ji)照明燈具與(yu)普通(tong)的(de)(de)燈具無(wu)異(yi),集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)電(dian)系(xi)統設置(zhi)在專用的(de)(de)房間內(nei)(nei)。
應急燈安裝高度
常見(jian)的(de)消防(fang)(fang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)明(ming)燈,一般安(an)裝在2.2米或(huo)以(yi)上的(de)高度,多以(yi)懸掛式或(huo)壁掛式掛置(zhi)于安(an)全出口(消防(fang)(fang)安(an)全通道(dao))的(de)上方或(huo)門(men)框的(de)上方。在火災發(fa)生或(huo)停電之(zhi)時,自(zi)動點亮,作為應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)明(ming)燈具,提供應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)明(ming)條件。在火災發(fa)生的(de)初期發(fa)揮的(de)作用大一些。
消防應急照明燈布燈位置
根(gen)據<建筑設計(ji)防(fang)(fang)火規范(fan)>及<高層民(min)用建筑設計(ji)防(fang)(fang)火規范(fan)>規定,應(ying)在建筑物內的下列部(bu)位(wei)設置消防(fang)(fang)應(ying)急照明燈(deng):
1、封(feng)閉樓梯(ti)間(jian)、防煙樓梯(ti)間(jian)及其(qi)前室(shi),消防電梯(ti)及其(qi)前室(shi);
2、配(pei)電(dian)室(shi)、消(xiao)防(fang)控制(zhi)室(shi)、自動發電(dian)機(ji)房、消(xiao)防(fang)水泵(beng)房、防(fang)煙排煙機(ji)房、供消(xiao)防(fang)用(yong)電(dian)的蓄電(dian)池室(shi)、電(dian)話總機(ji)房以及(ji)在發生火(huo)災時仍需堅持工作的其它房間;
3、觀眾廳(ting)每層超過(guo)1500m2的(de)展覽廳(ting)、營業廳(ting)、建筑面積(ji)超過(guo)200m2 的(de)演(yan)播室、人員密集且建筑面積(ji)超過(guo)300m2的(de)地下室;
4、公共(gong)建筑內(nei)的(de)疏散走道和長度超過20m的(de)內(nei)走道。
消防應急標志燈布燈標志
疏(shu)散指示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)分為(wei)出口(kou)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)疏(shu)散通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)指示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。出口(kou)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的安裝部(bu)位通(tong)(tong)常是(shi)在建筑(zhu)物通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)室外的正常出口(kou)和(he)應急出口(kou),多層(ceng)和(he)高(gao)層(ceng)建筑(zhu)各樓層(ceng)通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)樓梯(ti)間和(he)消防(fang)電梯(ti)前(qian)室的門(men)口(kou),大(da)面(mian)積的廳(ting)、堂、場、館(guan)通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)疏(shu)散通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)和(he)通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)前(qian)廳(ting)、側廳(ting)、樓梯(ti)間的出口(kou)。出口(kou)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燈一般(ban)裝于(yu)(yu)出口(kou)門(men)的上(shang)(shang)方,門(men)太高(gao)時(shi),可(ke)裝于(yu)(yu)門(men)的側口(kou)。為(wei)防(fang)止火災時(shi)煙霧影響視覺(jue),其高(gao)度以2-2.5m為(wei)宜。正面(mian)應盡量使(shi)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)垂直(zhi)于(yu)(yu)疏(shu)散通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)截面(mian)。疏(shu)散通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)指示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的安裝部(bu)位通(tong)(tong)常是(shi)公共建筑(zhu)內的疏(shu)散通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao),為(wei)使(shi)人員疏(shu)散時(shi),無論(lun)在從何處都能找(zhao)到出口(kou)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),走道(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)的指示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間距不宜大(da)于(yu)(yu)20m。