1、城山子山城
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山子山城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位(wei)于吉林省延(yan)邊(bian)朝鮮族自治州敦化市(shi)區西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan),坐落于牡丹(dan)江上(shang)游的(de)支流大石河(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)岸孤立的(de)高(gao)山上(shang)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子山,因(yin)(yin)山上(shang)建有(you)(you)(you)(you)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),因(yin)(yin)而得名。山頂四周有(you)(you)(you)(you)土(tu)石混(hun)筑(zhu)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)廟(miao),長約4.5公里,中部有(you)(you)(you)(you)宮(gong)殿址遺(yi)跡,出土(tu)許多東(dong)(dong)夏(xia)國文物,該(gai)山城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)金末時為東(dong)(dong)夏(xia)國南(nan)(nan)(nan)京址。山城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣呈(cheng)(cheng)不規則橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing),周長約2000米(mi)。山城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隨(sui)著山巒的(de)高(gao)低(di),蜿蜒起伏(fu)于山腰間。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)是土(tu)夾石筑(zhu)成的(de),墻(qiang)(qiang)基寬度5~7米(mi),有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)地方寬達(da)10米(mi)以(yi)上(shang),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)殘(can)高(gao)1.5米(mi)~2.5米(mi)不等。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之平(ping)面呈(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)低(di),西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)高(gao),依據地勢,稍向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)傾斜。北(bei)壁(bi)恰在(zai)臨水的(de)懸崖(ya)(ya)上(shang),因(yin)(yin)山崖(ya)(ya)陡(dou)峭(qiao),高(gao)達(da)40余米(mi),所以(yi),北(bei)墻(qiang)(qiang)較低(di)。在(zai)北(bei)壁(bi)的(de)西(xi)(xi)端,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)轉向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角構成銳(rui)角。經過不長一段后,有(you)(you)(you)(you)一城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men),這是西(xi)(xi)門(men),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)開口4米(mi),門(men)西(xi)(xi)側(ce)的(de)墻(qiang)(qiang)由外(wai)向(xiang)(xiang)內分別彎卷成圓(yuan)勾(gou)形(xing)(xing),呈(cheng)(cheng)堡(bao)壘(lei)狀。由西(xi)(xi)門(men)向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)隨(sui)著很大的(de)一個山坡,逐漸抬高(gao),在(zai)這一段上(shang),由于山形(xing)(xing)外(wai)凸,分別在(zai)不同(tong)距離(li)上(shang),設置了3個“馬面”,以(yi)便于瞭望和(he)守衛。
2、六頂山古墓群 重點文物保護單位
六頂(ding)山(shan)古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)位于(yu)吉林省敦化縣城南(nan)5公里牡丹(dan)江右岸六頂(ding)山(shan)南(nan)坡的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)坳中(zhong)。六頂(ding)山(shan)古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)是唐(tang)代渤(bo)(bo)海前期王(wang)族的(de)(de)(de)塋地(di)(di)(di)。渤(bo)(bo)海國(guo)(guo)是粟末(mo)靺鞨(he)人-于(yu)698年(nian),以牡丹(dan)江流域為中(zhong)心建立的(de)(de)(de)政權,唐(tang)玄宗冊封-為“渤(bo)(bo)海郡王(wang)”,并在其統(tong)治的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)區置忽(hu)汗(han)州,設忽(hu)汗(han)州(渤(bo)(bo)海)都督府。渤(bo)(bo)海國(guo)(guo)和內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)往來頻繁,典章制度多(duo)仿(fang)效唐(tang)王(wang)朝(chao),社會(hui)經濟和文化都達到了一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)水平,926年(nian)被契丹(dan)所(suo)滅。1949年(nian)延邊大學、1959年(nian)吉林省博物(wu)館、1964年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)科學院考(kao)古研(yan)究所(suo)先(xian)后對墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)進行了考(kao)古發掘。六頂(ding)山(shan)呈東西走向,由(you)起伏毗連的(de)(de)(de)六座(zuo)山(shan)頭組(zu)成,最高峰的(de)(de)(de)海拔是603米(mi),由(you)此向東南(nan)伸出一個(ge)山(shan)岔,山(shan)岔的(de)(de)(de)兩側都是墓(mu)(mu)(mu)地(di)(di)(di),共有90多(duo)座(zuo)古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)分石室墓(mu)(mu)(mu)和石棺墓(mu)(mu)(mu)兩種。1949年(nian)在這(zhe)里清理的(de)(de)(de)貞惠公主(zhu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu),是渤(bo)(bo)海第三代王(wang)大欽(qin)茂女兒(er)的(de)(de)(de)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)地(di)(di)(di),墓(mu)(mu)(mu)0土有陶器、玉壁、鎏金銅飾件和墓(mu)(mu)(mu)碑(bei)等遺物(wu)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)碑(bei)作圭(gui)形,高90厘(li)米(mi)、寬(kuan)49厘(li)米(mi)、厚29厘(li)米(mi),碑(bei)文為漢字(zi)陰(yin)刻,楷書(shu)真(zhen)字(zi),共計21行。
3、敦化正覺寺
正覺(jue)寺位(wei)于(yu)敦化市(shi)南郊,六(liu)頂山(shan)旅游風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內,距市(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)4公里。為該寺第三(san)代傳人旅美高(gao)僧(seng),釋(shi)佛性(xing)大(da)(da)師于(yu)1993年恢復重(zhong)建(jian)。總占(zhan)地面(mian)積近(jin)9萬平方米,是國內大(da)(da)型廟宇之(zhi)一,也(ye)是世界(jie)最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)尼(ni)眾道(dao)場。寺院分(fen)殿(dian)堂區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、生活區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、佛學院三(san)個區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。中軸線上山(shan)門殿(dian)、天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、大(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)、觀音互殿(dian)和藏經殿(dian)五(wu)座雙檐(yan)大(da)(da)殿(dian)隨(sui)山(shan)勢漸次升高(gao),鐘鼓樓(lou)與(yu)(yu)牌樓(lou)門相(xiang)映(ying)照(zhao),青山(shan)綠(lv)水(shui),白云(yun)(yun)藍(lan)天(tian)(tian),紅(hong)墻黃瓦,樓(lou)閣重(zhong)疊,其(qi)中,大(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)建(jian)筑面(mian)積1200平方米,高(gao)居于(yu)飾有九(jiu)龍(long)(long)墨石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)御道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)三(san)層(ceng)圍欄(lan)月臺之(zhi)上。殿(dian)內高(gao)12.5米的(de)(de)(de)三(san)尊樟木(mu)大(da)(da)佛,以及釋(shi)迦(jia)牟尼(ni)成道(dao)景(jing)德鎮的(de)(de)(de)陶瓷(ci)壁面(mian),八根漢白玉盤龍(long)(long)柱,云(yun)(yun)南劍川(chuan)青皮木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)隔扇門,華(hua)貴的(de)(de)(de)藻井均屬屆宇建(jian)筑之(zhi)精品。六(liu)角(jiao)六(liu)亭(ting)的(de)(de)(de)觀音殿(dian)更(geng)別具特(te)色(se)。殿(dian)中用(yong)6.6公斤(jin)純(chun)金(jin)貼面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)六(liu)面(mian)體六(liu)千只手眼(yan)觀音圣像,是世界(jie)上獨(du)一無二的(de)(de)(de)藝術杰作。精美的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)、木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)、彩繪與(yu)(yu)趙樸初等名家墨跡(ji)都為寺院增添了光彩。別墅式(shi)小(xiao)洋(yang)樓(lou)與(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)殿(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)傳統的(de)(de)(de)中式(shi)建(jian)筑相(xiang)互照(zhao)應(ying)。
4、敦化黃泥河
該保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于吉林(lin)(lin)省延(yan)邊(bian)朝鮮族自治州敦化市境內(nei)的北部(bu)。北部(bu)與(yu)黑龍江省三合屯林(lin)(lin)業局接壤(rang),西部(bu)與(yu)蛟河(he)市接壤(rang)。區(qu)(qu)內(nei)有(you)4個(ge)林(lin)(lin)場。區(qu)(qu)內(nei)自然資源以國有(you)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)為(wei)主(zhu),交通(tong)條(tiao)件(jian)較(jiao)差,僅(jin)有(you)團北及小白(bai)兩條(tiao)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)鐵路與(yu)外界相(xiang)通(tong),沒有(you)公路。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于吉林(lin)(lin)省準(zhun)褶(zhe)皺帶,為(wei)地(di)殼運動隆起而產生(sheng)的中山地(di)貌。居中溫帶濕潤氣候區(qu)(qu)中的冷涼區(qu)(qu),區(qu)(qu)內(nei)氣候垂直分布,差異(yi)明(ming)顯,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)垂直分布與(yu)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被為(wei)相(xiang)互(hu)依存(cun)(cun)關系。海拔500~800米(mi)為(wei)臺地(di)白(bai)漿土(tu)(tu)和白(bai)漿化暗棕(zong)(zong)色(se)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)土(tu)(tu),氣候和土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)適宜針闊混交林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)長。海拔1300米(mi)以上為(wei)山地(di)苔(tai)原土(tu)(tu)和棕(zong)(zong)色(se)針葉土(tu)(tu)。風(feng)大(da)(da)、霧大(da)(da)、降雨量大(da)(da),特(te)殊(shu)的地(di)質、地(di)貌,使(shi)極地(di)植(zhi)物(wu)和西伯利亞植(zhi)物(wu)能夠保存(cun)(cun)下(xia)來,如偃松、牛皮杜鵑、篤斯(si)樾(yue)桔(jie)、灰毛柳(liu)、紅景天、岳樺(hua)、高(gao)山檜等。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)總面積為(wei)23476公頃,其(qi)中有(you)林(lin)(lin)地(di)面積為(wei)22631公頃,森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)覆蓋率為(wei)96.4%。區(qu)(qu)內(nei)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)面積大(da)(da),林(lin)(lin)相(xiang)保存(cun)(cun)完好,原生(sheng)性強,生(sheng)物(wu)資源豐富,生(sheng)物(wu)物(wu)種有(you)1590種。
5、敦化六頂山
六頂山(shan)(shan)風景區(qu)(qu)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)敦(dun)(dun)化市(shi)區(qu)(qu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)5公里處(chu),屬于(yu)聞名中外的長白山(shan)(shan)脈丘(qiu)陵地帶(dai)(dai),依山(shan)(shan)傍水,群(qun)峰(feng)環(huan)繞。南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)有國家級文物保(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)(wei)-渤海(hai)(hai)國古墓(mu)(mu)群(qun),北(bei)部(bu)(bu)有牡丹江(jiang)環(huan)繞而過,東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)有東(dong)(dong)北(bei)亞地區(qu)(qu)最(zui)大(da)的佛教尼眾寺(si)院-正覺寺(si)。六頂山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)走向,有起伏(fu)相連的山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)6座(zuo),最(zui)高峰(feng)標高603米(mi),由此向東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)伸出一(yi)山(shan)(shan)含,山(shan)(shan)含兩側皆為墓(mu)(mu)地,并有石室封土基80余(yu)座(zuo)。唐代(dai)渤海(hai)(hai)國前期(qi)王族(zu)墓(mu)(mu)地為全(quan)國重點文物保(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)(wei)。1948年清(qing)理(li)貞惠公主墓(mu)(mu),出土有陶(tao)器、玉(yu)區(qu)(qu)、勇金鋼飾件和墓(mu)(mu)碑。六頂山(shan)(shan)敖東(dong)(dong)城遺址位(wei)(wei)于(yu)六頂山(shan)(shan)旅游開發區(qu)(qu)的正覺寺(si),它座(zuo)落在(zai)敦(dun)(dun)化市(shi)內東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu),據認為敖東(dong)(dong)城是渤海(hai)(hai)國早(zao)期(qi)都城,故(gu)有舊國之(zhi)稱。敦(dun)(dun)化市(shi)屬中溫(wen)帶(dai)(dai)冷涼氣(qi)候(hou)區(qu)(qu),山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)氣(qi)候(hou)特(te)點明顯,四季分明,春季干燥多風,夏季多雨,秋季清(qing)爽,冬(dong)季寒冷,年平均氣(qi)溫(wen)2.9℃。
6、敦化敖東城遺址
敖(ao)(ao)東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于敦化市區東(dong)南(nan)部(bu),南(nan)距牡丹江約500米,為吉林省省級文物保(bao)護單位。敖(ao)(ao)東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又作忽汗(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、鄂(e)多(duo)理城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、阿可(ke)克敦城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、俄朵里城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),是渤海國早期(qi)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),敖(ao)(ao)東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)原貌全失(shi),遺跡只有(you)252米長(chang)的(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)墻殘段(duan)和(he)190米長(chang)的(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西墻殘段(duan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣土(tu)筑,有(you)內(nei)、外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)方形(xing),外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)方形(xing)。向西有(you)通往扶余府(今農安一帶)的(de)道路,向東(dong)有(you)連結東(dong)京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)衢道。
7、小山度假區
小山度(du)(du)假區在敦化市大山咀子鎮(zhen)的(de)東(dong)方,有(you)一個三面環水的(de)小漁村(cun)(cun)(cun)名叫(jiao)小山咀子村(cun)(cun)(cun)。村(cun)(cun)(cun)子依山傍水,西南(nan)是牡(mu)丹江,東(dong)面是雁鳴湖。近些年新建有(you)度(du)(du)假村(cun)(cun)(cun)等旅游(you)接(jie)待設施(shi),常年接(jie)待各(ge)來客。小山咀子村(cun)(cun)(cun)風(feng)(feng)光秀麗,有(you)南(nan)國水鄉的(de)嫵媚,又具北方的(de)豪放(fang)。游(you)人在這里(li)可登(deng)山,可垂釣(diao),也可劃(hua)船,游(you)泳,還可坐(zuo)船游(you)覽至毗鄰的(de)著(zhu)名風(feng)(feng)景區-鏡泊山莊。
8、老白山自然保護區
老白山地(di)處黃泥河自然保護區(qu)的(de)核心區(qu),該保護區(qu)屬(shu)森林(lin)生態(tai)系統類(lei)(lei)型的(de)自然保護區(qu),占(zhan)地(di)14122公頃,西北(bei)與黑龍江五常市交(jiao)界。老白山是東(dong)北(bei)地(di)區(qu)張廣嶺的(de)主峰,海(hai)拔高(gao)度為(wei)1696.2米,是東(dong)北(bei)第(di)三高(gao)峰,高(gao)大的(de)山體、冷濕的(de)氣候、茂(mao)密的(de)森林(lin),奔騰的(de)溪流(liu)和飛流(liu)的(de)石瀑構成保護區(qu)獨具特(te)(te)色的(de)自然景觀,其主要特(te)(te)點是植被垂(chui)直帶(dai)顯著、生物多樣性豐富、森林(lin)生態(tai)系統完整、濕地(di)類(lei)(lei)型獨特(te)(te)。
9、布庫里山森林公園
布(bu)庫(ku)里山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)(yu)江(jiang)源(yuan)鎮西10公里處,牡丹(dan)江(jiang)北岸,屬十(shi)八道溝村。戴云(yun)(yun)峰海拔863米(mi),面(mian)積5平(ping)(ping)方公里左右,山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)形(xing)狀呈圓(yuan)錐形(xing),如一(yi)(yi)頂(ding)圓(yuan)圓(yuan)的(de)帽(mao)子,當地人也叫它“帽(mao)兒山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。布(bu)庫(ku)里山(shan)(shan)(shan)孤峰獨秀、植(zhi)被繁(fan)茂,山(shan)(shan)(shan)上生長著(zhu)(zhu)多種山(shan)(shan)(shan)野菜及人參等珍貴藥(yao)材。山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)云(yun)(yun)霧繚繞(rao),景(jing)色(se)優美,還流傳著(zhu)(zhu)許多優美的(de)傳說,使它更增添了幾(ji)韻致。布(bu)庫(ku)里山(shan)(shan)(shan)上樹(shu)木(mu)參天(tian)、枝葉(xie)(xie)繁(fan)茂,屬于(yu)(yu)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)帶。山(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)有(you)一(yi)(yi)條小路(lu)(lu),隨山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢時(shi)陡時(shi)緩。在半山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰(yao)便函是天(tian)然石(shi)(shi)級路(lu)(lu),一(yi)(yi)步一(yi)(yi)蹬、步步升高(gao),坡度(du)都在四十(shi)五度(du)以上。據當地人說,路(lu)(lu)旁就能采(cai)到(dao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)參,每年都出(chu)土幾(ji)苗(miao)至幾(ji)十(shi)苗(miao)的(de)大山(shan)(shan)(shan)參。實乃靈(ling)秀之(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)路(lu)(lu)兩邊(bian)立著(zhu)(zhu)三(san)塊(kuai)高(gao)十(shi)幾(ji)米(mi)的(de)大石(shi)(shi)塊(kuai),這三(san)塊(kuai)石(shi)(shi)英鐘頭都有(you)很有(you)特點(dian)(dian),表面(mian)比較平(ping)(ping)展。戴云(yun)(yun)峰頂(ding)是個(ge)二三(san)百(bai)平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)的(de)平(ping)(ping)面(mian),正中(zhong)有(you)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)紅(hong)磚修筑的(de)森林(lin)(lin)防(fang)火(huo)了望塔,防(fang)火(huo)期間塔中(zhong)有(you)人值班。登塔遠(yuan)亡命,群山(shan)(shan)(shan)皆在腳下,牡丹(dan)江(jiang)水如一(yi)(yi)條飄然東去(qu)的(de)玉帶,點(dian)(dian)點(dian)(dian)村落花(hua)流水,方方農田,晶瑩(ying)水庫(ku),碧綠的(de)群山(shan)(shan)(shan)橫亙(gen)有(you)天(tian)邊(bian)。
10、北山森林體育公園
北山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)位于(yu)敦(dun)化市(shi)區(qu)東(dong)北,小(xiao)石河北岸。與(yu)市(shi)區(qu)相接,集山(shan)水、林(lin)木于(yu)一體,東(dong)南隔市(shi)與(yu)牡丹江相呼應,公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)內設(she)有滑雪場、藝術宮(gong)等設(she)施,是敦(dun)化市(shi)民的一個主要休娛樂和(he)健身(shen)的場所,“北山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)”四個大字是原全國人大副委員長(chang)-1999年來(lai)敦(dun)化時題寫,為行(xing)書,筆法凝練流暢,賞(shang)之悅(yue)目。
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