一、原電池是什么電池
原(yuan)電(dian)池是(shi)指通(tong)過氧化還(huan)原(yuan)反應而產生電(dian)流的(de)裝置,又稱化學電(dian)池,它(ta)通(tong)常由(you)正電(dian)極、負電(dian)極、電(dian)解質、隔離物和(he)殼體構成(cheng),可(ke)制(zhi)成(cheng)各種形狀和(he)不同尺寸,使用方便,廣(guang)泛用于工(gong)農業、國防工(gong)業和(he)通(tong)信(xin)、照明、醫療等部門(men)。
原電池一般按負極活性物質(如鋅、鎘、鎂、鋰等)和正極活性物質(如錳、汞、二氧化硫等)分為鋅錳電池、鋅空氣電池、鋅銀電池、鋅汞電池、鎂錳電池、鋰氟化碳電池、鋰二氧化硫電池等,常用的干電池就是原電池的(de)一種。
二、原電池原理是什么
原(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)以發生(sheng)在電(dian)(dian)子導(dao)體(如(ru)金(jin)屬)與離子導(dao)體(如(ru)電(dian)(dian)解質溶液(ye))接觸界面(mian)上的氧化(hua)還原(yuan)(yuan)反應(ying)為(wei)基礎制成的,其工作原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)是(shi):
原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池反應(ying)是氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)反應(ying),氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)反應(ying)中的(de)(de)還(huan)原(yuan)劑失去的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子經外(wai)接導線傳(chuan)遞給氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑,使氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)反應(ying)分別(bie)在兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上(shang)進行,兩極(ji)之間溶液中離子的(de)(de)定向(xiang)移動和外(wai)部導線中電(dian)(dian)(dian)子的(de)(de)定向(xiang)移動構(gou)成了閉(bi)合回路,使兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)反應(ying)不斷進行,發生有序的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子轉移過(guo)程(cheng),產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,實現化(hua)(hua)(hua)學能(neng)(neng)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)。
三、干電池屬于原電池嗎
屬于。
干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),因為(wei)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)化學(xue)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)裝置其電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)是一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不能(neng)流動的糊狀物,所以叫做(zuo)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),它(ta)就是根據(ju)原電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)原理制成的,以碳棒為(wei)正極,以鋅筒為(wei)負極,把化學(xue)能(neng)轉變(bian)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)供給外電(dian)(dian)路。