電動車電池哪種好

1、鉛酸蓄電池

優(you)點：鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電池為數量(liang)最多。鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電池的(de)價格(ge)最低，也最常用，中國(guo)是(shi)全世界鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電池最大的(de)生產國(guo)。其(qi)含污(wu)染(ran)的(de)成分(fen)比較(jiao)少，可回收性好。

缺點：比容小、壽命短。也就是說，在同樣的容量下，電池重量和體積都大。目前的鉛酸蓄電池基本上是由浮充類型的電池發展而來的。浮充電池不適應快速充電和大電流放電，雖然技術人員的花費了大量的心血進行了卓有成效的改進，可以進入實用了，但是作為電動車電池其壽命還(huan)是非常不理想的。

該圖片由注冊用戶"志士豪杰"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、鎳氫電池

優(you)點：鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)的比(bi)容比(bi)鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)好很多，單體電(dian)池(chi)的壽命也比(bi)較(jiao)好，其大電(dian)流充放(fang)電(dian)特性也比(bi)鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)好。

缺點：鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)串連電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)管理(li)問題(ti)比較(jiao)多，一旦發生過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)以后(hou)，就會形成單體電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)隔板熔化(hua)的(de)問題(ti)，導致整(zheng)組(zu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)迅速(su)失效。所(suo)以，國產的(de)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)關鍵技(ji)術(shu)問題(ti)還(huan)是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)統的(de)問題(ti)，而這(zhe)個(ge)問題(ti)還(huan)沒有引起(qi)各個(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)制(zhi)造商(shang)和(he)車廠足(zu)夠的(de)重(zhong)視。所(suo)以，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)發展(zhan)收到很大的(de)制(zhi)約(yue)。

3、鎳鎘電池

優點：鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)流(liu)特性比鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)好，其(qi)(qi)抗過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)特性也比鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)好，中(zhong)(zhong)國又是(shi)世(shi)界上(shang)鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)生產大(da)國。一些(xie)(xie)人(ren)提出鎘(ge)污染的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，中(zhong)(zhong)國現在(zai)還(huan)在(zai)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)向歐洲出口鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)應用產品(pin)，歐洲到(dao)2006年才開始限(xian)制。據中(zhong)(zhong)央電(dian)視臺(tai)播放的(de)(de)(de)消息，神州五(wu)號還(huan)是(shi)采用鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)。這是(shi)其(qi)(qi)相對比較高的(de)(de)(de)可靠性的(de)(de)(de)優點使該品(pin)種電(dian)池(chi)還(huan)在(zai)應用與宇航設備上(shang)。這樣(yang)看，電(dian)動自行車(che)方面過(guo)早的(de)(de)(de)使鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)退出應用是(shi)否有一些(xie)(xie)過(guo)激?而鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)成本和充(chong)電(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)成本都明(ming)顯低于鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)，只要(yao)回收處理好了，還(huan)是(shi)應該保留這個電(dian)池(chi)品(pin)種的(de)(de)(de)。

4、鋰離子電池

優(you)點：鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)比容(rong)要好于鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，對于同樣容(rong)量的(de)(de)(de)鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池來說，鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)重量相(xiang)當(dang)于一臺筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦，這(zhe)樣老弱婦孺就都可以使用了。其壽命也可以比鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池做得好。目前的(de)(de)(de)手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)池基本(ben)上都是采用這(zhe)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

缺點：鋰電池的內阻相對比較大，在電動自行車上使用會出現電池即將完全放電的時候感覺車的動力不足。鋰離子電動車電池更(geng)主要的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)是在(zai)過(guo)(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)過(guo)(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池會(hui)發生爆炸，手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池都(dou)是使(shi)(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)單(dan)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，再(zai)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)良好的(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路來配合使(shi)(shi)(shi)用，基本上杜絕了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池爆炸的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)。而在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行車(che)上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用，必(bi)須要使(shi)(shi)(shi)用串(chuan)(chuan)連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)，而串(chuan)(chuan)連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)的(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)復雜程度(du)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超過(guo)(guo)單(dan)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，其(qi)材料(liao)成(cheng)本也大大增加。目(mu)前一個良好的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)成(cheng)本接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池本身的(de)(de)價格。

如何選購電動車電池

1、外觀

查看(kan)產品(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否有變形、裂紋、劃痕(hen)(hen)及漏(lou)液(ye)痕(hen)(hen)跡。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)接(jie)線端子上應(ying)干凈，無(wu)銹蝕，標志應(ying)清晰(xi)。好的(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)外(wai)殼很厚(hou)實，接(jie)線端子粗大，而且電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)上印字(zi)也(ye)清晰(xi)，另外(wai)要(yao)找準(zhun)正品(pin)(pin)的(de)，假冒偽劣的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在外(wai)觀(guan)上與正品(pin)(pin)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)有區別的(de)，要(yao)仔細辨認(ren)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般大品(pin)(pin)牌的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都(dou)有防(fang)偽標識(shi)，防(fang)偽標識(shi)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)，防(fang)偽碼(ma)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)16位，具有唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)性，每只電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)上都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)單獨(du)的(de)號(hao)碼(ma)。而且防(fang)偽查詢電(dian)(dian)話是(shi)(shi)(shi)國家(jia)質檢總局的(de)，這個(ge)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沒法造假的(de)。

2、性能測試

查看電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外(wai)觀后，要(yao)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行(xing)性能測試。性能優良的電(dian)(dian)動車蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內阻小，單體電(dian)(dian)壓誤差也小。

內阻(zu)：大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時測(ce)量蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降的越小越好；

單體電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)：電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)進入飽(bao)和后和蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應該是一直的，誤(wu)差以小于(yu)0.05伏為最(zui)好。

3、額定容量

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池標注(zhu)的額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量越(yue)大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間越(yue)長。最(zui)好(hao)不要(yao)購買無額(e)定(ding)標注(zhu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，要(yao)注(zhu)意是否為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車專用(yong)。如(ru)有多個(ge)容(rong)量標注(zhu)，應(ying)以(yi)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量為(wei)準。另外，選購與電(dian)(dian)(dian)池配套(tao)的、帶自(zi)動控制的智能型充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。合適的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器能自(zi)動調節充電(dian)(dian)(dian)大小和時間，有利于(yu)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的使用(yong)壽命(ming)。

4、電動車電池種類

當(dang)前(qian)市場上電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池(chi)種類(lei)(lei)較(jiao)多，比(bi)如鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，三元(yuan)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。不同種類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用壽命不同，價格(ge)也有(you)各自的(de)(de)差異，對(dui)環境(jing)污染(ran)(ran)各不一(yi)樣。當(dang)然鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)目前(qian)使(shi)用較(jiao)多的(de)(de)，優(you)點是(shi)價格(ge)便宜(yi)這也是(shi)很(hen)多人(ren)選擇的(de)(de)主要原因(yin)之(zhi)一(yi)，其實(shi)除了(le)鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外我(wo)們還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)有(you)更多的(de)(de)選擇，例如磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，與鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)(suan)相(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)，重量輕2-3倍(bei)，使(shi)用壽命也是(shi)鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)好幾(ji)倍(bei)，長時間對(dui)比(bi)其實(shi)磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)會相(xiang)對(dui)便宜(yi)一(yi)點，且無污染(ran)(ran)。

5、看品牌

大品牌的電動車電池信譽有保障，質量也過關，而且大品牌售后服務也到位。買電動車電池質量是首要的(de)，同時售(shou)后服(fu)務(wu)也是必須的(de)，要注(zhu)意(yi)購(gou)買的(de)電動車電池售(shou)后服(fu)務(wu)完不完善。