一、兒童餐具國家標準是什么
2023年5月(yue)23日,國(guo)家市(shi)場監(jian)督管理(li)總(zong)局(國(guo)家標準(zhun)化管理(li)委員會)發布了我國(guo)首個(ge)關于嬰童(tong)用餐具與喂食器具產品安全標準(zhun)GB/T 42806-2023《嬰童(tong)用品 餐具與喂食器具通用技術要(yao)求》,并(bing)已于2024年6月(yue)1日正式實施。
《嬰童用品(pin)(pin) 餐具與(yu)喂食(shi)器具通用技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)》GB/T 42806-2023標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)規(gui)定了產品(pin)(pin)總體要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、一般要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、機(ji)械物(wu)理(li)性(xing)能、材(cai)質(zhi)性(xing)能、適(shi)應(ying)(ying)性(xing)、化(hua)學安(an)全性(xing)和標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)等的技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)和測試方(fang)法。其(qi)中材(cai)質(zhi)性(xing)能包括吸(xi)水率(lv)、抗熱震性(xing)、耐水性(xing)、內應(ying)(ying)力、耐腐蝕性(xing)等7項要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),適(shi)應(ying)(ying)性(xing)包括微波(bo)爐(lu)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)性(xing)、冰箱(xiang)移至微波(bo)爐(lu)、烤箱(xiang)的適(shi)應(ying)(ying)性(xing)、洗(xi)碗機(ji)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)性(xing)3項要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。化(hua)學安(an)全性(xing)包括食(shi)品(pin)(pin)接(jie)觸(chu)材(cai)料(liao)及制品(pin)(pin)應(ying)(ying)符合(he)相關食(shi)品(pin)(pin)安(an)全國家標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),其(qi)添加(jia)劑(ji)的使用應(ying)(ying)符合(he)GB 9685的要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu);產品(pin)(pin)中非食(shi)品(pin)(pin)接(jie)觸(chu)材(cai)料(liao)及制品(pin)(pin)(如手柄(bing)、提環、吸(xi)盤等)需滿足標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)對(dui)鄰苯(ben)二(er)甲酸酯、可遷(qian)移元(yuan)素、N-亞硝基(ji)胺(an)釋放量和N-亞硝基(ji)物(wu)質(zhi)釋放量、抗氧(yang)化(hua)劑(ji)釋放量、2-硫基(ji)苯(ben)并唾嘩(MBT)釋放量、揮發性(xing)化(hua)合(he)物(wu)含量、雙酚A遷(qian)移量、甲醛含量、可分解(jie)致癌芳香(xiang)胺(an)染料(liao)、短鏈氯化(hua)石(shi)蠟含量的要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。
二、兒童餐具檢驗規范
1、物理機械性能:兒(er)童餐具需(xu)要進行(xing)一系列(lie)物理機械性能測(ce)試(shi)(shi),包括尖角、銳邊(bian)測(ce)試(shi)(shi),小零(ling)件、孔(kong)測(ce)試(shi)(shi),印花裝(zhuang)飾、視覺和觸覺檢查,拉伸強(qiang)度(du)、扭(niu)矩測(ce)試(shi)(shi),撕裂強(qiang)度(du)、強(qiang)度(du)/剛性測(ce)試(shi)(shi),以及跌落(luo)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)等。
2、化學性能:兒童餐(can)具的(de)八大重金(jin)屬(shu)(銻、砷(shen)、鋇(bei)、鎘、鉛、鉻(ge)、汞(gong)、硒)遷(qian)移(yi)、領苯二甲(jia)酸脂、甲(jia)醛釋放(fang)量、鎳釋放(fang)、雙酚A等化(hua)學(xue)物質含量也需(xu)要(yao)進行檢測。
3、適用:甘蔗纖(xian)維(wei)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),陶瓷兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),木頭兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),塑膠兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),密胺兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),稻(dao)殼兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),不(bu)銹鋼兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)抗菌餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),竹纖(xian)兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)維(wei)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),聚乳酸(PLA)兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、硅膠兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。其(qi)中,以不(bu)同材(cai)質(zhi)制造的兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)餐(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)會具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有不(bu)同的優缺點。它要求當受管制產品的熱塑性成分按照測(ce)試方法進行測(ce)試時(shi),鄰(lin)苯(ben)二甲酸酯的總接觸量不(bu)得(de)超過0.1%重量。
三、兒童餐具檢測的流程
1、向(xiang)檢測(ce)機構測(ce)遞交申請。
2、根據(ju)標準要(yao)求,準備好(hao)相關的(de)認證文(wen)件。
3、將(jiang)待(dai)測樣品寄到(dao)實驗室進行測試。
4、認證工(gong)程師(shi)根據合(he)格的檢測(ce)數據,編(bian)寫報告。
5、工程師將完整的報告進行(xing)審核(he)。
6、送檢完成。