一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種
汽(qi)車機油泵按照(zhao)結構(gou)形式(shi)不同,分為兩(liang)大類(lei)型,分別是(shi):
1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵
齒(chi)(chi)輪式機油泵由(you)主動(dong)軸、主動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪、從動(dong)軸、從動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪、殼體等組成。兩個齒(chi)(chi)數相(xiang)同的齒(chi)(chi)輪相(xiang)互(hu)嚙合,裝在殼體內,齒(chi)(chi)輪與(yu)殼體的徑向(xiang)和端面間隙很(hen)小。主動(dong)軸與(yu)主動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪鍵連(lian)接,從動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪空套在從動(dong)軸上。
工作時(shi),主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)從動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪反向旋(xuan)轉。兩齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪旋(xuan)轉時(shi),充滿在(zai)(zai)(zai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪齒(chi)(chi)(chi)槽(cao)間的(de)機(ji)油(you)沿油(you)泵殼壁由進(jin)(jin)(jin)油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang)帶(dai)(dai)到出油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang),在(zai)(zai)(zai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang)一側(ce)由于齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪脫開(kai)嚙(nie)合以及機(ji)油(you)被(bei)不(bu)斷(duan)帶(dai)(dai)出而(er)(er)(er)產(chan)生真空,使油(you)底殼內的(de)機(ji)油(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)氣壓(ya)力(li)作用(yong)下經集濾器進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)進(jin)(jin)(jin)油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang),而(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)出油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang)一側(ce)由于齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)嚙(nie)合和機(ji)油(you)被(bei)不(bu)斷(duan)帶(dai)(dai)入(ru)而(er)(er)(er)產(chan)生擠壓(ya)作用(yong),機(ji)油(you)以一定壓(ya)力(li)被(bei)泵出。
一般嚙(nie)合(he)齒輪式機油(you)(you)泵又分為(wei)內嚙(nie)合(he)齒輪式機油(you)(you)泵與外嚙(nie)合(he)齒輪式機油(you)(you)泵兩種類型。
2、轉子式機油泵
轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)式機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)是利用內(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)壓送潤滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you),又(you)叫次(ci)擺線齒輪泵(beng)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)式機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)主(zhu)(zhu)要由內(nei)、外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi),機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)體及機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)蓋(gai)等零(ling)件組(zu)成。主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)的(de)(de)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)和從(cong)動(dong)的(de)(de)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)都(dou)裝在(zai)機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)殼(ke)體內(nei)。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)有(you)四個凸齒,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)有(you)五個凹齒。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)固定在(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)軸上,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)在(zai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)殼(ke)體內(nei)可以自由轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong),兩(liang)者之間有(you)一定的(de)(de)偏(pian)心距。
當油(you)泵工作(zuo)時,內(nei)(nei)轉子(zi)帶動外(wai)(wai)轉子(zi)向同一(yi)個方向轉動。由(you)(you)于(yu)兩個轉子(zi)的(de)偏心距和齒(chi)形(xing)輪廓確保了內(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉子(zi)無論轉到(dao)(dao)任何角度,各齒(chi)面(mian)之間總是線接(jie)觸(chu),這樣內(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉子(zi)輪齒(chi)間便形(xing)成了四個工作(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)。由(you)(you)于(yu)內(nei)(nei)轉子(zi)的(de)轉速大于(yu)外(wai)(wai)轉子(zi)的(de)轉速(傳動比5:4),當某(mou)一(yi)工作(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)從進油(you)道轉過時,轉子(zi)脫開嚙(nie)合(he),容積(ji)逐(zhu)漸增大,產生真空度,潤(run)(run)滑油(you)便從進油(you)道被吸入。轉子(zi)繼(ji)續旋(xuan)轉,潤(run)(run)滑油(you)被帶到(dao)(dao)出(chu)(chu)油(you)道另一(yi)側,這時轉子(zi)進入嚙(nie)合(he),油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang)容積(ji)逐(zhu)漸減(jian)小,油(you)壓升高(gao),使(shi)油(you)從齒(chi)間擠出(chu)(chu),經出(chu)(chu)油(you)道送出(chu)(chu)。
二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好
齒輪式機油(you)(you)泵和轉子式機油(you)(you)泵對比起(qi)來,各有(you)各的特點:
齒輪式機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)由于結構簡(jian)單(dan),制造較容易,并且(qie)工作可靠(kao),是應用(yong)最為廣泛的一(yi)種(zhong)機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。轉子式機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)結構緊湊,吸油(you)(you)(you)真空(kong)度較高(gao),泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)(you)量較大,且(qie)供油(you)(you)(you)均(jun)勻,當機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)安裝在曲軸箱(xiang)外且(qie)位置(zhi)較高(gao)時(shi),用(yong)此種(zhong)機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)較為合適(shi)。