一、電動推桿是干什么用的

電動推桿又名(ming)直線驅動器，主要是由電(dian)機推桿和控制(zhi)裝置(zhi)等(deng)機構組成的(de)一種新型直線執行機構，可以(yi)認(ren)為是旋轉電(dian)機在結構方面的(de)一種延伸。

電動推桿是一種將電動機的旋轉運動轉變為推桿的直線往復運動的電力驅動裝置。可用于各種簡單或復雜的工藝流程中做為執行機械使用，以實現遠距離控制、集中控制或自動控制。多(duo)用于(yu)家用電器、廚具、醫療器械、汽車(che)等行業(ye)的運動驅(qu)動單(dan)元。

二、電動推桿結構

電(dian)動(dong)推桿(gan)由驅動(dong)電(dian)機(ji)、減速齒輪(lun)、螺桿(gan)、螺母(mu)、導套、推桿(gan)、滑(hua)座、彈簧、外殼及渦輪(lun)、微(wei)動(dong)控制開關(guan)等(deng)組成。

電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推桿是(shi)一種新型(xing)(xing)的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)構，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推桿主要由電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、推桿和控制裝置等機(ji)(ji)構組(zu)成的一種新型(xing)(xing)直線執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)構，可(ke)以實現遠距(ju)離控制、集(ji)中控制。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推桿在一定范圍(wei)行(xing)(xing)程內作往返運動(dong)，一般電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推桿標準(zhun)行(xing)(xing)程在，100，150，200，250，300，350，400mm，特(te)殊行(xing)(xing)程也可(ke)根據不(bu)同應用條件要求(qiu)設計(ji)定做。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)可以(yi)根據(ju)不同(tong)的應用(yong)(yong)負荷(he)而設(she)計不同(tong)推(tui)力的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)，一般其最(zui)大推(tui)力可達6000N，空載(zai)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)速(su)(su)度為(wei)4mm~35mm/s，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)以(yi)24V/12V直(zhi)流(liu)永磁電(dian)(dian)(dian)機為(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力源，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的旋轉運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉化為(wei)直(zhi)線往(wang)復運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一組連桿(gan)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)來(lai)完成風(feng)門、閥(fa)(fa)門、閘(zha)門、擋板(ban)等(deng)切換工作(zuo)。采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)作(zuo)為(wei)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)不僅可減(jian)少采用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)所(suo)需(xu)的氣(qi)源裝(zhuang)置和輔助設(she)備，也可減(jian)少執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)的重量(liang)。氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)在(zai)整個控制運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)中都(dou)需(xu)要有一定的氣(qi)壓，雖(sui)然可采用(yong)(yong)消耗量(liang)小的放大器等(deng)，但(dan)日積月累，耗氣(qi)量(liang)仍是巨大的。采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)，在(zai)改(gai)變(bian)控制開度時，需(xu)要供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，在(zai)達到所(suo)需(xu)開度時就可不再供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此從節能看，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)比(bi)氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)有明顯節能優(you)點。適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于遠(yuan)距(ju)離操縱而廣泛用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力、化工、冶(ye)金、礦山、輕工、交通、船舶等(deng)部(bu)門的風(feng)門、閥(fa)(fa)門、閘(zha)門等(deng)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)的啟閉、物料裝(zhuang)卸、流(liu)量(liang)控制等(deng)。現已被越來(lai)越多的部(bu)門用(yong)(yong)它(ta)來(lai)代替機構(gou)(gou)(gou)手、液壓閥(fa)(fa)、減(jian)速(su)(su)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)的自動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置。

三、電動推桿工作原理

電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)經齒輪或蝸輪蝸桿(gan)(gan)(gan)減速后，帶動(dong)(dong)一對絲桿(gan)(gan)(gan)螺母(mu)。把電機(ji)的(de)旋轉運動(dong)(dong)變成直(zhi)線運動(dong)(dong)，利用電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)正反轉完成推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。如通過(guo)各(ge)種杠(gang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)、搖(yao)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)或連桿(gan)(gan)(gan)等機(ji)構可完成轉動(dong)(dong)、搖(yao)動(dong)(dong)等復雜動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。通過(guo)改變杠(gang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)力臂長度，可以增大或減小(xiao)行程(cheng)。

行程控制裝置：

1、蝸輪(lun)蝸桿傳動(dong)形式(shi)：電機齒輪(lun)上的蝸桿帶(dai)動(dong)蝸輪(lun)轉動(dong)，使蝸輪(lun)內的小絲桿作軸向移(yi)動(dong)，由連接板帶(dai)動(dong)限(xian)位桿相應作軸向移(yi)動(dong)，至(zhi)所需行程(cheng)時，通過調節限(xian)位塊(kuai)壓下行程(cheng)開關斷電，電動(dong)機停止運轉（正反控制相同）。

2、齒輪傳動(dong)形式：電(dian)機(ji)通過減速齒輪后(hou)帶(dai)動(dong)安裝于內(nei)管的(de)(de)小(xiao)絲桿(gan)，帶(dai)動(dong)與(yu)之連(lian)接一起(qi)的(de)(de)做軸向運(yun)行螺母，至所(suo)設定的(de)(de)行程時螺母觸角壓住限位開關斷開電(dian)源，電(dian)機(ji)停止(zhi)運(yun)動(dong)（反向與(yu)之相(xiang)同）。

可選(xuan)配電位(wei)器，用以顯示推桿運行的(de)行程(cheng)狀態，還可加配編碼器，來實現分幾步走(zou)完整個行程(cheng)（即走(zou)走(zou)停停）。