一、什么是高壓汞燈

高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)俗稱高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水銀燈(deng)(deng)(deng)，是指(zhi)由石英電(dian)弧(hu)管，外泡殼（通常內涂熒光(guang)粉），金(jin)屬(shu)支(zhi)架(jia)，電(dian)阻件和(he)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)頭組成，以電(dian)弧(hu)管為核心元(yuan)件，內充汞(gong)(gong)與惰性氣(qi)體的(de)(de)(de)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)具。放(fang)電(dian)時，內部汞(gong)(gong)蒸氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為2-15個(ge)大氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（51～507kPa），因此稱為高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)。高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)，應(ying)用了先進的(de)(de)(de)制燈(deng)(deng)(deng)工藝，使高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)效更高，壽命更長。發(fa)白光(guang)，色溫4100K左右，而且(qie)經濟(ji)實惠，被廣泛應(ying)用于室(shi)內外的(de)(de)(de)工業(ye)照(zhao)明，道路照(zhao)明燈(deng)(deng)(deng)領域(yu)。

二、高壓水銀燈的特點有哪些

1、結構簡單，成本低，維修費用少。

2、比(bi)一般(ban)燈壽命(ming)更長，省(sheng)電經濟。

3、發白光(guang)，光(guang)效長。

4、啟(qi)動時間比較長，通常需(xu)要4-10分鐘(zhong)。

5、二次啟動需(xu)要等燈體冷卻。

6、常用于(yu)廣場、街道的照明。

該圖片由注冊用戶"荊湖酒徒"提供，版權聲明反饋

三、高壓汞燈的種類有哪些

1、紫外線高壓汞燈

紫(zi)外線高(gao)壓(ya)汞燈既能(neng)夠發(fa)(fa)出(chu)可見光，也能(neng)發(fa)(fa)出(chu)紫(zi)外線，這種高(gao)壓(ya)汞燈在保(bao)健、消毒等工作方面用得較多，不用于日常(chang)照明。

2、熒光高壓汞燈

熒光高壓汞(gong)燈(deng)，是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)在外殼上涂多一(yi)層熒光粉，讓(rang)不可(ke)見(jian)光轉化為可(ke)見(jian)光，提高了光效，讓(rang)燈(deng)光更加明(ming)亮，最合適在室(shi)外、街道(dao)(dao)、廠房(fang)等(deng)比較空曠的(de)地方使用(yong)。我國的(de)街道(dao)(dao)照明(ming)路(lu)燈(deng)主要就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)采(cai)用(yong)熒光高壓汞(gong)燈(deng)。

3、自鎮流高壓汞燈

自鎮流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)汞燈(deng)是把鎢絲封入(ru)燈(deng)殼內(nei)，成為高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)汞燈(deng)的(de)鎮流器，增加(jia)等的(de)亮(liang)度和壽命，因為這種燈(deng)光效較低，常在室(shi)內(nei)使用。

4、超高壓汞燈

超高壓汞(gong)燈(deng)常用于光學儀(yi)(yi)器、制(zhi)版上。燈(deng)開啟時，汞(gong)蒸氣壓力可以(yi)達到10133～20265Kpa，發光亮度強(qiang)，市面(mian)上的(de)液晶(jing)投影儀(yi)(yi)很多(duo)都是采用超高壓汞(gong)燈(deng)。

四、高壓汞燈工作原理是什么

有玻璃(li)外殼的高(gao)壓(ya)汞燈(deng)通(tong)常用輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)幫助啟動，輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)通(tong)過一只40～60千歐的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R與不相(xiang)鄰(lin)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)相(xiang)連接。當(dang)燈(deng)接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網后，輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)與相(xiang)鄰(lin)的主電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)之間加有交流220伏(fu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，這兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)之間的距離(li)很(hen)近，通(tong)常只有2～3毫(hao)米(mi)，所以它們之間有很(hen)強的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。

在此強電(dian)場(chang)的(de)作用下，兩(liang)電(dian)極(ji)之間的(de)氣(qi)體被擊(ji)穿，發生(sheng)輝光放電(dian)，放電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)由電(dian)阻R所限制，注(zhu)意，如R過小會使電(dian)極(ji)燒壞。

主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極和相鄰輔助(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極之間的輝光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)產(chan)生了大量(liang)的電(dian)(dian)子(zi)和離子(zi)，這些(xie)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)粒(li)子(zi)向兩(liang)主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極間擴散，使主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極之間產(chan)生放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，并很快過(guo)渡(du)到兩(liang)主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極之間的弧光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。

在燈點燃的(de)初始階段，是低(di)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)的(de)汞(gong)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)和氫氣(qi)(qi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)時管壓(ya)降得很(hen)低(di)，約(yue)(yue)25伏(fu)左右；放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)大，約(yue)(yue)為5～6安培，稱(cheng)為啟動電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。低(di)壓(ya)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時放(fang)(fang)出的(de)熱量使(shi)管壁(bi)溫度升高，汞(gong)逐(zhu)漸汽化，汞(gong)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)和燈管電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)逐(zhu)漸升高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧開(kai)始收縮，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)逐(zhu)步向高氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過渡。當汞(gong)全部蒸(zheng)發后，管壓(ya)開(kai)始穩定(ding)，進入穩定(ding)的(de)高壓(ya)汞(gong)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。