一、財產保險和人身保險分別的定義是什么

1、財產保險

財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)有(you)廣(guang)義(yi)與狹(xia)義(yi)之(zhi)分。廣(guang)義(yi)財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)是指以(yi)財(cai)產(chan)及其有(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟利益和損害賠(pei)償責任為保(bao)(bao)險(xian)標的(de)(de)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)；狹(xia)義(yi)財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)則是指以(yi)物質財(cai)產(chan)為保(bao)(bao)險(xian)標的(de)(de)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)。在保(bao)(bao)險(xian)實務中，后者一般(ban)稱為財(cai)產(chan)損失保(bao)(bao)險(xian)。

《中華人民共和國保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)法》第九十五(wu)條規定，財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務，包括(kuo)(kuo)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)損(sun)失(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、責(ze)任(ren)(ren)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、信用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務。可(ke)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，包括(kuo)(kuo)物質(zhi)形(xing)(xing)態和非物質(zhi)形(xing)(xing)態的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)關利益。以(yi)(yi)物質(zhi)形(xing)(xing)態的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)關利益作為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)的(de)(de)，通常(chang)稱為財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)損(sun)失(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。例如，飛(fei)機、衛星、電廠(chang)(chang)、大型工(gong)程、汽車、船舶、廠(chang)(chang)房、設(she)備以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)家(jia)庭(ting)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)。以(yi)(yi)非物質(zhi)形(xing)(xing)態的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)關利益作為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)的(de)(de)，通常(chang)是指各(ge)種責(ze)任(ren)(ren)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、信用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)。例如，公眾責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、雇主責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、職業責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、出口信用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、投資風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)。但是，并(bing)非所有(you)的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)關利益都可(ke)以(yi)(yi)作為財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)。只有(you)根據(ju)法律規定，符(fu)合財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合同要求的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)關利益，才(cai)能成為財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)。

2、人身保險

人(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)，是(shi)以(yi)人(ren)的(de)壽(shou)命和(he)身(shen)體為保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)標的(de)的(de)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。當(dang)人(ren)們遭受不(bu)幸(xing)事故或因疾病、年(nian)老(lao)(lao)以(yi)致喪失工作能(neng)力(li)、傷殘(can)、死(si)(si)(si)亡(wang)或年(nian)老(lao)(lao)退休時，根據保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)合同的(de)約定，保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)對被保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)或受益人(ren)給付(fu)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金，以(yi)解(jie)決其因病、殘(can)、老(lao)(lao)、死(si)(si)(si)所造成(cheng)的(de)經濟困難(nan)。人(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)在社會主(zhu)義制度下，人(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)勞動(dong)者在遇有(you)不(bu)幸(xing)事故，喪失勞動(dong)能(neng)力(li)或家庭扶養人(ren)死(si)(si)(si)亡(wang)時得到物(wu)質保(bao)證的(de)形式之(zhi)一。

國(guo)家統一(yi)使用的(de)人身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)基(ji)金(jin)(jin)，是(shi)靠投(tou)(tou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)人的(de)按期繳款建立的(de)。人身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也是(shi)組織居民儲(chu)蓄的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)特殊形式，在投(tou)(tou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)人達到保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)契約(yue)所定的(de)年齡時，國(guo)家給他一(yi)定金(jin)(jin)額的(de)款項等等。人身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)按照(zhao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)形式，可以分(fen)為(wei)自愿(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和強(qiang)制保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；按照(zhao)人身(shen)發(fa)生危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)性(xing)質，可以分(fen)為(wei)人壽保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和意外傷害保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。

二、財產保險與人身保險有什么區別

1、保險標的（也稱保險對象）不同

人(ren)身保(bao)險(xian)的保(bao)險(xian)標(biao)的是人(ren)的壽命和身體。當遭受不幸事故(gu)或因疾病(bing)、年(nian)老以(yi)致(zhi)喪失工作(zuo)能力、傷殘、死(si)亡或年(nian)老退休時，會給付相(xiang)應的保(bao)險(xian)金。

財(cai)產保(bao)險(xian)的(de)保(bao)險(xian)標的(de)是(shi)財(cai)產及其相關利益，包括(kuo)財(cai)產損失保(bao)險(xian)、責任保(bao)險(xian)、信(xin)用(yong)保(bao)險(xian)、保(bao)證保(bao)險(xian)、農(nong)業保(bao)險(xian)等。

2、保額確定方式不同

人身(shen)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)是(shi)以投(tou)保(bao)(bao)人根據自己的(de)經濟狀況、工作性質(zhi)來(lai)確定保(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)額(e)的(de)；財產(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)是(shi)根據保(bao)(bao)險(xian)標的(de)實際價值來(lai)確定的(de)，屬于補償性保(bao)(bao)險(xian)。

3、保險期限不同

一般來說人身保險的保險期限都在1年以上，保險期限較長，計算保費時會考慮利率等因素；財產保險多(duo)為短期(qi)（1年及(ji)1年以內）。財(cai)產保險計算(suan)保費(fei)時(shi)一般不(bu)考慮(lv)利率(lv)因(yin)素。

4、保險性質不同

對于某些人(ren)身保(bao)險(xian)(xian)險(xian)(xian)種來說具有一定(ding)的儲蓄性，保(bao)單在經過一定(ding)的時間后，具有現(xian)金價值(zhi)，投保(bao)人(ren)或被保(bao)險(xian)(xian)人(ren)享有保(bao)單抵押貸款等一系列權利，而財產保(bao)險(xian)(xian)一般不具有。

人(ren)(ren)身保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)與財(cai)產保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的區(qu)別有(you)哪些(xie)，大致可以分為以上四種(zhong)，對于人(ren)(ren)身保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)來說還(huan)有(you)一些(xie)其他的性(xing)質是財(cai)產險(xian)(xian)(xian)不具有(you)的。比如代位求(qiu)償(chang)，當損(sun)失由第(di)三方(fang)造(zao)成時，保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)履行賠(pei)償(chang)義務后(hou)(hou)，可以向第(di)三方(fang)責任(ren)人(ren)(ren)追償(chang)損(sun)失，但是被保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)可以；在(zai)人(ren)(ren)身保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)中，投保(bao)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)遭受保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)事(shi)故(gu)受到傷(shang)害后(hou)(hou)，既(ji)能(neng)從保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)獲得(de)(de)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金，又能(neng)從致害人(ren)(ren)那里獲得(de)(de)賠(pei)償(chang)，但保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)沒有(you)從肇(zhao)事(shi)者處索取賠(pei)償(chang)的權利。

單從(cong)字面來看的話，人身(shen)(shen)保險(xian)與財(cai)產(chan)保險(xian)的區別(bie)在承保的對象上就有(you)本質的區別(bie)，人身(shen)(shen)保險(xian)主要承保的是“人”一(yi)般不涉及“物”；財(cai)產(chan)保險(xian)承保的不僅有(you)“物”還會涉及到“人”的問題。

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