【硬質合金鉆頭(tou)】硬質合金鉆頭(tou)規格(ge) 硬質合金鉆頭(tou)種類
硬質合金鉆頭規格 硬質合金鉆頭種類
硬質合金鉆頭可分為整體硬質合金鉆頭、焊(han)接式(shi)硬(ying)質(zhi)合金鉆(zhan)頭、硬(ying)質(zhi)可換刀片式(shi)鉆(zhan)頭、硬(ying)質(zhi)可換齒冠鉆(zhan)頭整體式硬質合金鉆頭一般即麻花鉆頭,不過整(zheng)個鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭材質為硬質合金(jin)材料,這種鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭精度較(jiao)高,可帶內(nei)冷卻孔,鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭直徑一(yi)般在20mm以內(nei),在進口鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭品牌(pai)中很常見。
焊接(jie)式硬質(zhi)合金鉆頭,鉆頭頭部為硬質(zhi)合金材料,通(tong)過(guo)焊接(jie)方(fang)式與(yu)鉆體(ti)連接(jie)起來,采用內冷卻方(fang)式,加(jia)工精度及光潔度較(jiao)高,一般應用在模具加(jia)工行業,例如槍鉆。
硬質合金(jin)可換刀(dao)片(pian)(pian)式(shi)鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭,這種鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭頭部呈錯位(wei)形式(shi)安裝(zhuang)2片(pian)(pian)或4片(pian)(pian)刀(dao)片(pian)(pian),可換刀(dao)片(pian)(pian)來延長鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭使用壽命,鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔效率特別高,加工孔徑較廣(guang),也是采用內冷(leng)卻方(fang)式(shi),簡(jian)稱“U鉆(zhan)(zhan)”、“淺孔鉆(zhan)(zhan)”,在機械加工行(xing)業應用較廣(guang)泛。
硬質可換(huan)齒冠鉆頭(tou)屬于一種(zhong)新型鉆頭(tou),鉆頭(tou)頭(tou)部切削(xue)部分安(an)裝一片可換(huan)硬質合(he)金刀(dao)片,市場用這種(zhong)鉆頭(tou)較小,刀(dao)片通用性不高,價格較貴。
乳化油主要起冷卻(que)和潤滑作(zuo)(zuo)用,同(tong)時還起到一定的(de)防(fang)銹(xiu)作(zuo)(zuo)用,但對(dui)鑄鐵類(lei)材(cai)料的(de)防(fang)銹(xiu)效果一般,同(tong)時容易變質(zhi),成本(ben)相對(dui)較低,一般應用一些低成本(ben)加工行業。
U鉆(zhan)(zhan)材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)一(yi)(yi)般為高強度鋼材(cai)(cai),同時表面(mian)采用(yong)涂層處理(li),對(dui)乳化(hua)(hua)油(you)、切削(xue)(xue)油(you)、切削(xue)(xue)液(ye)均(jun)(jun)適用(yong),只是(shi)冷卻效果(guo)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang),通常來說切削(xue)(xue)液(ye)各種性能(neng)均(jun)(jun)好于乳化(hua)(hua)油(you),在加(jia)工行業(ye)中(zhong)應用(yong)特別廣(guang)泛,針(zhen)對(dui)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔用(yong)乳化(hua)(hua)油(you)對(dui)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)影(ying)響不(bu)大,只需考慮U鉆(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭對(dui)冷卻液(ye)流量與壓力、材(cai)(cai)料(liao)防銹效果(guo)等(deng)。
U鉆刀(dao)(dao)片市(shi)場上(shang)常(chang)用的有W型刀(dao)(dao)片和S型刀(dao)(dao)片兩種
W型刀片屬于一種等邊(bian)不等角的(de)六邊(bian)形(xing)刀片,簡稱“桃(tao)形(xing)刀片”,S型刀片屬于一種四邊(bian)相等的(de)“菱(ling)形(xing)刀片”
W型(xing)刀片可加工(gong)的刃數(shu)為三刃,而S型(xing)刀片可加工(gong)的刃為四刃
S型刀(dao)片相對(dui)W型刀(dao)片在U鉆打孔后,盲(mang)孔底面(mian)形狀較平,W型刀(dao)片盲(mang)孔底面(mian)凹凸明顯
S型刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)推出市(shi)場較(jiao)(jiao)晚,U鉆(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)(tou)通用(yong)性不強,價格較(jiao)(jiao)貴,而W型刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)基(ji)本通用(yong)各種U鉆(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)(tou),價格較(jiao)(jiao)便(bian)宜(yi)
總(zong)之,在購(gou)買合適的U鉆(zhan)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian),先確(que)認U鉆(zhan)鉆(zhan)頭是否(fou)通用市場上的W型(xing)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)或者S型(xing)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian),同時還需考慮U鉆(zhan)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)成本問(wen)題
而U鉆加(jia)工(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)設(she)(she)備(bei)近幾年才(cai)出來,市場還未普遍被打開(kai),這種機(ji)(ji)床由普通數控鉆床升級而成,主軸(zhou)轉速、電機(ji)(ji)功率等參數提高很多,同(tong)時(shi)針對U鉆內冷方(fang)式增加(jia)了主軸(zhou)內出水(shui)功能,從而適用(yong)(yong)U鉆切(qie)削打孔加(jia)工(gong)(gong),但這種設(she)(she)備(bei)針對產品有一定(ding)的局限性,同(tong)時(shi)只能用(yong)(yong)U鉆鉆孔加(jia)工(gong)(gong),也(ye)可(ke)以簡(jian)單的叫(jiao)U鉆加(jia)工(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)設(she)(she)備(bei)。
U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)最小(xiao)規(gui)格是由(you)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)刀(dao)片(pian)(pian)來(lai)確定,而U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)部刀(dao)片(pian)(pian)呈錯位安裝,每片(pian)(pian)刀(dao)片(pian)(pian)負(fu)責切(qie)削工件每個區域,而U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)最少是要安裝兩片(pian)(pian)刀(dao)片(pian)(pian),因此U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)刀(dao)片(pian)(pian)大小(xiao)是直接決定U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的大小(xiao)。
目前國內最小的(de)U鉆刀片分別為(wei)WC系(xi)列為(wei)WCMX030208、SP系(xi)列為(wei)SPMG050204兩種(zhong)型號規格,而這(zhe)兩種(zhong)U鉆刀片所安裝的(de)U鉆目前國內最小的(de)是直徑13mm,所以說U鉆最小規格為(wei)13mm,而長度最小規格標(biao)準為(wei)2倍(bei)徑26mm,當然(ran)如若某些(xie)客(ke)戶要求(qiu)1倍(bei)徑的(de),也可以要求(qiu)廠(chang)家(jia)定制。
U鉆轉(zhuan)速設定(ding)需要考(kao)慮很多方(fang)面(mian)的(de)因(yin)素(su),例(li)如(ru)機床剛性、切削冷卻方(fang)式、進給量、加工工藝(yi)、U鉆裝夾精(jing)度、U鉆長(chang)徑(jing)比、被加工材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)等(deng),如(ru)果(guo)在加工同一產品(pin)的(de)基礎(chu)上除了加工材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)不同,其他因(yin)素(su)是(shi)固定(ding)的(de),那么2倍徑(jing)d30鉆用(yong)多少(shao)轉(zhuan)速,比如(ru)果(guo)說常用(yong)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)碳素(su)鋼S45C、不銹鋼SUS304、鋁合金三種在沒淬火的(de)情況下(xia),參考(kao)U鉆切削加工參數及轉(zhuan)速進給表可得(de):
U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)屬(shu)于一種暴(bao)力型鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)(tou),采用此鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)(tou)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)往(wang)往(wang)需要匹配合適的機(ji)床,否則(ze)暴(bao)力U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)時很容易產(chan)生震動。
對(dui)于加工中心不通型號的U鉆需(xu)要匹配合適的主軸(zhou),比如BT30的主軸(zhou)最好安裝直(zhi)徑(jing)25以下的U鉆,同(tong)時還需(xu)考(kao)慮機床(chuang)的電機功率與扭力(li)及過負載數值。
對于(yu)數控(kong)(kong)刀(dao)塔車床(chuang)需要考慮(lv)主軸與(yu)Z軸功率與(yu)扭力大小,所以(yi)要根(gen)據車床(chuang)電機扭力大小來選(xuan)擇合(he)適的U鉆(zhan),還有根(gen)據U鉆(zhan)進(jin)給(gei)參(can)數來控(kong)(kong)制U鉆(zhan)鉆(zhan)孔不(bu)產生震動。
另外在U鉆(zhan)鉆(zhan)孔時產生震動就(jiu)是利用U鉆(zhan)擴孔的(de)時候,由(you)于是一塊U鉆(zhan)刀片在對(dui)材料(liao)進行切削加工,從而導致U鉆(zhan)刀片阻力(li)過大而生產震動。
U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)作為(wei)一種可換(huan)刀片式鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭,很多時候都是(shi)用來(lai)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)加工,當然也有的(de)(de)人利用標準U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出孔(kong)(kong)徑稍微大點的(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong),比(bi)如說直徑25的(de)(de)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出來(lai)的(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)徑為(wei)25.3,這種原(yuan)理就(jiu)是(shi)利用U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與主(zhu)軸(zhou)中軸(zhou)線偏(pian)心的(de)(de)方式來(lai)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong),此(ci)方法就(jiu)是(shi)在U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)刀柄(bing)上面安裝(zhuang)一個(ge)偏(pian)心套,通過偏(pian)心套的(de)(de)刻度值來(lai)微調偏(pian)心值,但(dan)這種偏(pian)心值單邊一般設定在0.2mm以內,否則很容易損壞U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭。
普(pu)通(tong)鉆(zhan)床(chuang)主(zhu)要用于產品孔(kong)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),而U鉆(zhan)屬于一(yi)種(zhong)用于帶刀片式孔(kong)削(xue)刀具,目前機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)車間里面最常(chang)見(jian)的是普(pu)通(tong)搖(yao)臂(bei)式鉆(zhan)床(chuang),這種(zhong)普(pu)通(tong)搖(yao)臂(bei)式鉆(zhan)床(chuang)主(zhu)軸箱可上下(xia)(xia)左右移動(dong),加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度相對較低,一(yi)般主(zhu)軸轉(zhuan)速較低,同(tong)時(shi)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)還(huan)需(xu)安裝莫氏鉆(zhan)夾(jia)頭,而U鉆(zhan)適(shi)應于高轉(zhuan)速鉆(zhan)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),直(zhi)徑30以下(xia)(xia)的U鉆(zhan)一(yi)般轉(zhuan)速在1500轉(zhuan)以上,同(tong)時(shi)還(huan)需(xu)要內(nei)部冷卻方式,因此普(pu)通(tong)的搖(yao)臂(bei)式鉆(zhan)床(chuang)不適(shi)合(he)用U鉆(zhan)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。
加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)利用(yong)U鉆進行(xing)鉆孔加(jia)(jia)工(gong),在機械加(jia)(jia)工(gong)行(xing)業中(zhong)普遍可以看到(dao),那么在加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)用(yong)U鉆的使用(yong)方法的是怎(zen)么樣(yang)的
首先(xian),我們先(xian)確認需要加工的孔徑大少、孔徑深度及孔徑精度等,從而(er)選擇合(he)適的U鉆,再根(gen)據(ju)U鉆選擇合(he)適的刀柄夾(jia)具及機(ji)床。
然后,選擇合(he)適U鉆刀片通(tong)過螺絲(si)安裝(zhuang)U鉆鉆頭上,再將U鉆通(tong)過螺絲(si)安裝(zhuang)刀柄上,通(tong)過刀柄拉釘把刀柄安裝(zhuang)在加工中心主(zhu)軸頭上。
最后,將U鉆(zhan)(zhan)對零點(dian),根(gen)據U鉆(zhan)(zhan)大少、U鉆(zhan)(zhan)倍(bei)徑、材料等因素設定合適的轉速進給參數,再打開內(nei)冷開關對工件進行(xing)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔切削加工。
當(dang)然(ran),車床(chuang)使(shi)用U鉆(zhan)也是需要根據孔徑等因(yin)素來(lai)選(xuan)擇合適的(de)U鉆(zhan)、刀套刀座等,然(ran)后(hou)用螺絲將(jiang)U鉆(zhan)通過刀套安裝在刀座上,最后(hou)將(jiang)U鉆(zhan)與(yu)車床(chuang)主軸對好零點,確保刀具軸線與(yu)主軸同心(xin)度在0.03mm以內,可參考車床(chuang)使(shi)用U鉆(zhan)注意事項,再設(she)定(ding)合理(li)的(de)參數打開冷(leng)卻液(ye)對刀具工件(jian)進行(xing)鉆(zhan)孔加(jia)工。
暴(bao)力鉆在加工時主要以(yi)刀片刃角對工件進行(xing)切削,因此暴(bao)力鉆桿比暴(bao)力鉆刀片使用壽(shou)命(ming)要長,但暴(bao)力鉆也(ye)需要承受較(jiao)大的切削阻力,對于暴(bao)力鉆壽(shou)命(ming)一般會跟以(yi)下(xia)幾個因素有(you)關;
因此(ci),如果在U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)之前給鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)底孔(kong),那(nei)么U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)就可能(neng)用(yong)一片刀(dao)片對(dui)工(gong)件進(jin)去切(qie)削鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)加工(gong),那(nei)么就會(hui)導致(zhi)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)刀(dao)片受力不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻,從(cong)而(er)導致(zhi)能(neng)夠切(qie)削工(gong)件的刀(dao)片磨(mo)損很快(kuai),而(er)機(ji)床震動(dong)很大,還會(hui)影響(xiang)暴力鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壽命,鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)加工(gong)效率相對(dui)較慢,因此(ci)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)不(bu)(bu)需要(yao)底孔(kong)的。
快速(su)鉆(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)格根(gen)據加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)長度(du)的(de)(de)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)徑(jing)(jing)可分(fen)為四種常見規(gui)格,加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)長度(du)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)2倍(bei)(bei)(bei),則(ze)(ze)快速(su)鉆(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)格為2倍(bei)(bei)(bei)徑(jing)(jing),加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)長度(du)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)3倍(bei)(bei)(bei),則(ze)(ze)快速(su)鉆(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)格為3倍(bei)(bei)(bei)徑(jing)(jing),加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)長度(du)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)4倍(bei)(bei)(bei),則(ze)(ze)快速(su)鉆(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)格為4倍(bei)(bei)(bei)徑(jing)(jing),加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)長度(du)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)5倍(bei)(bei)(bei),則(ze)(ze)快速(su)鉆(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)格為5倍(bei)(bei)(bei)徑(jing)(jing)。
當然可以(yi)根據產品圖紙定制(zhi)合適的規格,比如1倍徑、2.5倍徑、4.5倍徑、6倍徑等規格。
U鉆是由(you)兩片(pian)或四(si)片(pian)U鉆刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)呈錯開形式鎖(suo)緊在U鉆頭部,而鏟鉆由(you)一片(pian)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)鎖(suo)緊在鏟鉆頭部;U鉆切(qie)削加(jia)工(gong)時由(you)兩片(pian)或四(si)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)受(shou)力,鏟鉆由(you)一片(pian)刀(dao)(dao)片(pian)受(shou)力,U鉆價格相(xiang)比鏟鉆要(yao)低(di)許多,鏟鉆市場應(ying)用范圍(wei)相(xiang)對較(jiao)低(di),加(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度相(xiang)比較(jiao)高。
而經濟(ji)型車床使用U鉆(zhan)(zhan)對(dui)中(zhong)心高(gao)相對(dui)較(jiao)難,高(gao)低方(fang)向(xiang)一(yi)(yi)般都有(you)配套的(de)(de)(de)刀座,高(gao)低方(fang)向(xiang)不用找中(zhong)心,X軸方(fang)向(xiang)中(zhong)心可以用鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)向(xiang)來(lai)找,比如U鉆(zhan)(zhan)直(zhi)徑為20mm,找一(yi)(yi)根底(di)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)略底(di)大于20mm的(de)(de)(de)料,然后對(dui)底(di)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong),如果(guo)鉆(zhan)(zhan)出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)為21mm,那么(me)刀偏值X1輸入,那么(me)程式的(de)(de)(de)位置就(jiu)是X軸中(zhong)心高(gao),這種(zhong)方(fang)法就(jiu)是把U鉆(zhan)(zhan)當做一(yi)(yi)把鏜(tang)刀,鏜(tang)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)直(zhi)徑20mm的(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)。
U鉆在CNC加工(gong)中心(xin)、龍門銑床(chuang)、刀塔式車(che)床(chuang)上(shang)使用較多(duo),而機械加工(gong)行業很(hen)多(duo)用的是平軌數(shu)控車(che)床(chuang),對于這種車(che)床(chuang)也有很(hen)多(duo)使用U鉆鉆孔加工(gong)來提高效率。
U鉆(zhan)(zhan)用多久(jiu)報廢(fei),主要(yao)(yao)還需看是否(fou)對工(gong)件孔加(jia)工(gong)有影(ying)響,達到報廢(fei)的標準主要(yao)(yao)有;U鉆(zhan)(zhan)外圓側面被(bei)磨損影(ying)響孔的精度、U鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭部磨損缺(que)殘缺(que)、U鉆(zhan)(zhan)螺絲孔磨損刀片無(wu)(wu)法更換(huan)安裝(zhuang)、U鉆(zhan)(zhan)直接斷掉,因(yin)此只要(yao)(yao)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)無(wu)(wu)法鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔基本上達到報廢(fei)標準。
在汽車(che)、工程(cheng)、煤(mei)礦(kuang)等(deng)機械行(xing)業,大直徑(jing)孔加工越來(lai)越普遍,采(cai)用(yong)大直徑(jing)可換刀片(pian)式(shi)鉆(zhan)頭加工方式(shi)比普通(tong)鉆(zhan)頭外加工鏜孔方式(shi)效率提示(shi)好幾倍甚至十幾倍。
大直徑(jing)可(ke)換刀片式鉆頭(tou)可(ke)直接在機床(chuang)上更換刀片,無需拆裝下來(lai)磨屑。
大直徑可換(huan)刀(dao)片式鉆(zhan)頭不需(xu)要(yao)每(mei)次退刀(dao)回屑或引導孔,效(xiao)率大幅提升。
大直徑可換刀片式鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭擁有(you)中心出水孔,可以較好的對刀片進行冷卻,延長U鉆(zhan)(zhan)刀片使用(yong)壽命,而且還有(you)利于(yu)排(pai)屑。
大直(zhi)徑可換刀片式鉆頭在加(jia)工過程(cheng)中,鐵(tie)屑為斷屑狀(zhuang)態,沒有傳統麻花鉆細長纏繞(rao)的鐵(tie)屑,對孔壁光潔度、安全性能(neng)大幅提(ti)高(gao)
市面上U鉆(zhan)(zhan)一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)SP刀片(pian)(pian)和WC刀片(pian)(pian)兩種(zhong)(zhong),而(er)大多數廠家(jia)在(zai)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)上設計刀片(pian)(pian)位均設計相(xiang)同(tong),這種(zhong)(zhong)方式即保(bao)證U鉆(zhan)(zhan)刀片(pian)(pian)通用(yong)(yong)性(xing),同(tong)時(shi)不(bu)會(hui)因使(shi)用(yong)(yong)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)而(er)購買兩種(zhong)(zhong)刀片(pian)(pian),也不(bu)會(hui)影響(xiang)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)效(xiao)率,只是(shi)SP刀片(pian)(pian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)出來的(de)孔(kong)(kong)底(di)較相(xiang)對較平,但一(yi)把U鉆(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)(yong)兩個(ge)不(bu)同(tong)刀片(pian)(pian),機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)廠家(jia)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)時(shi),就(jiu)需要(yao)購買WC和SP兩種(zhong)(zhong)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)刀片(pian)(pian),對加(jia)工(gong)(gong)精(jing)度也沒什(shen)么(me)影響(xiang),因此一(yi)把U鉆(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)(yong)兩個(ge)不(bu)同(tong)刀片(pian)(pian)可以使(shi)用(yong)(yong),但這種(zhong)(zhong)U鉆(zhan)(zhan)一(yi)般市面上不(bu)是(shi)很多,相(xiang)對機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)實用(yong)(yong)性(xing)不(bu)強。
U鉆(zhan)(zhan)在生產行業中應用相對廣泛(fan),特別是(shi)機械加工(gong)行業,其快速鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)效(xiao)率(lv)是(shi)一般麻花鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭無法與(yu)之(zhi)相比(bi)的;U鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭部屬于可換(huan)刀(dao)片形式,刀(dao)片磨損后可直接更換(huan),快捷方便。
由于U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)一般較(jiao)粗大,在(zai)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)同(tong)(tong)時基本不(bu)存在(zai)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭斷在(zai)孔(kong)(kong)中的情況;同(tong)(tong)時U鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)剛(gang)性比麻花鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭要好(hao),可以輕松鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)直(zhi)(zhi)徑60或70的大直(zhi)(zhi)徑孔(kong)(kong);還適應于各(ge)種(zhong)形(xing)狀表(biao)面(mian)加(jia)工,例如(ru)擴孔(kong)(kong)、斜面(mian)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)、相交孔(kong)(kong)、不(bu)平整(zheng)表(biao)面(mian)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)等;在(zai)加(jia)工精度相對(dui)要高出許(xu)多,很多時候直(zhi)(zhi)接鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出來的孔(kong)(kong)可以做成(cheng)品(pin);而(er)且鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)前(qian)無需(xu)打引(yin)導孔(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)接鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)入,效率是普(pu)通(tong)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭的5-10倍(bei)。
U鉆屬(shu)于可裝刀片式鉆頭(tou)(tou),同時(shi)要考(kao)(kao)慮到排屑槽及內(nei)(nei)冷(leng)螺(luo)旋孔的問(wen)題,而(er)且(qie)兩片刀片呈錯(cuo)位(wei)形式布局,因(yin)此是控制鉆頭(tou)(tou)直(zhi)徑最主要的因(yin)素,市面上目前U鉆規格最小直(zhi)徑為13mm,而(er)最大(da)的U鉆直(zhi)徑為70mm,直(zhi)徑再小的U鉆刀片很(hen)難通(tong)用,同時(shi)會(hui)影響(xiang)排屑及內(nei)(nei)冷(leng)等問(wen)題,直(zhi)徑再大(da)的U鉆需考(kao)(kao)慮配套(tao)的機床設備剛(gang)性及刀柄夾具問(wen)