江西(xi)(xi)方言(yan)(yan)，一般指分(fen)(fen)(fen)布在(zai)江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)的(de)(de)漢語(yu)方言(yan)(yan)，不包括分(fen)(fen)(fen)布在(zai)江西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)少數民族(zu)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)下的(de)(de)方言(yan)(yan)。江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)的(de)(de)漢語(yu)方言(yan)(yan)主要(yao)(yao)有(you)：贛(gan)語(yu)、客(ke)家(jia)語(yu)、江淮官話、西(xi)(xi)南官話、吳語(yu)和(he)徽語(yu)。贛(gan)語(yu)，是江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)最主要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)方言(yan)(yan)，集中分(fen)(fen)(fen)布在(zai)江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)中部(bu)和(he)北部(bu)，覆蓋了(le)全省(sheng)面(mian)積和(he)人口的(de)(de)三分(fen)(fen)(fen)之二。客(ke)家(jia)語(yu)，主要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布在(zai)江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)南部(bu)的(de)(de)17個縣(xian)和(he)吉安、宜(yi)春、萍鄉(xiang)、撫州和(he)九江的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)市(shi)(shi)縣(xian)。江淮官話，主要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布在(zai)江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)北部(bu)的(de)(de)九江市(shi)(shi)區、九江縣(xian)、瑞昌(chang)市(shi)(shi)等地(di)。

一.贛語介紹

（一）歷史來源

江(jiang)西方言的歷史悠久(jiu)，其形成當(dang)從西漢(han)時(shi)期就(jiu)已開始(shi)初(chu)具(ju)規模。漢(han)高祖時(shi)設(she)豫章(zhang)郡(jun)(jun)，郡(jun)(jun)治南昌，下轄十八(ba)縣，遍布今江(jiang)西四方。既有人(ren)口就(jiu)有語言和方言，有了人(ren)口也才談得上設(she)置郡(jun)(jun)縣，所以(yi)，豫章(zhang)郡(jun)(jun)和十八(ba)縣的設(she)置是(shi)江(jiang)西地區(qu)經(jing)濟文化發展的必然結果，也是(shi)贛方言開始(shi)形成的具(ju)體(ti)表(biao)現和證明。

贛(gan)語(yu)歷史悠久(jiu)，是(shi)唐(tang)宋以前(qian)中原移民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中原話和(he)贛(gan)地(di)(di)先民(min)語(yu)言相互融合的(de)(de)(de)(de)產物，形(xing)成于(yu)漢朝(chao)，定型于(yu)唐(tang)宋。自(zi)上古至(zhi)有(you)周一代，江(jiang)(jiang)西一直都(dou)是(shi)三苗等贛(gan)地(di)(di)先民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活動區域。到了(le)周朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)春秋戰國時期，贛(gan)地(di)(di)先后隸(li)屬吳、越、楚的(de)(de)(de)(de)統治，其居民(min)自(zi)當是(shi)使用(yong)古越語(yu)和(he)古楚語(yu)。秦漢以后，中原對江(jiang)(jiang)右地(di)(di)區進行了(le)多次(ci)大規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)移民(min)，中原的(de)(de)(de)(de)漢語(yu)和(he)本(ben)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)吳語(yu)、楚語(yu)互相接觸、互相融合，贛(gan)語(yu)遂逐步形(xing)成。

（二）特點

贛語(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)共同點是(shi)：古代的(de)(de)全濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)母(mu)今(jin)讀塞(sai)音(yin)、塞(sai)擦音(yin)時，為送(song)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)清音(yin)，無(wu)論平仄，如(ru)“陪伴、停電、存在(zai)、沉重、強健”這幾個詞，贛語(yu)(yu)統(tong)統(tong)都是(shi)送(song)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)清聲(sheng)母(mu)，而普通話卻是(shi)前(qian)一(yi)字送(song)氣(qi)(qi)，后一(yi)字不送(song)氣(qi)(qi)，吳語(yu)(yu)（如(ru)上(shang)海話和上(shang)饒話）則都是(shi)[d b dz d ]一(yi)類的(de)(de)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)母(mu)。

古代的(de)遇攝(she)三等(deng)魚韻(yun)字、流攝(she)一(yi)(yi)等(deng)字、臻攝(she)開口一(yi)(yi)等(deng)字、曾攝(she)一(yi)(yi)等(deng)字和梗攝(she)開口二等(deng)文讀字，許多地方主要元(yuan)音(yin)是[ε]（或相近的(de)[e、]），如南昌市：鋸 kiεl狗kiεul根kiεnl燈tεnl耕(geng)kiεn 。

梗攝字(zi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)都(dou)有(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)白(bai)(bai)兩(liang)讀(du)。這里說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)白(bai)(bai)兩(liang)種讀(du)法，是從一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)字(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統上來看的(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)不著眼于某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個字(zi)有(you)幾種不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)讀(du)音(yin)。來歷(li)相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)字(zi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)書面(mian)語(yu)(yu)(yu)或(huo)新詞語(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)，有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套(tao)讀(du)音(yin)形(xing)成(cheng)相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)(yu)音(yin)特(te)點，而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)日常口語(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)那(nei)些天天使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)最基本的(de)(de)(de)(de)詞語(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)，這些字(zi)又有(you)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套(tao)讀(du)音(yin)，形(xing)成(cheng)另(ling)外一(yi)(yi)(yi)種相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)(yu)音(yin)特(te)點。前(qian)者我們叫(jiao)(jiao)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)讀(du)”，后者我們叫(jiao)(jiao)“白(bai)(bai)讀(du)”。文(wen)(wen)(wen)白(bai)(bai)異讀(du)是就一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)字(zi)來說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。其中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個字(zi)，可(ke)能是既有(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)讀(du)音(yin)，又有(you)白(bai)(bai)讀(du)音(yin)；也(ye)可(ke)能是只有(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)讀(du)音(yin)，沒有(you)白(bai)(bai)讀(du)音(yin)；或(huo)者反(fan)過來，只有(you)白(bai)(bai)讀(du)音(yin)，沒有(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)讀(du)音(yin)。如南(nan)昌的(de)(de)(de)(de)梗攝字(zi)：

省(sheng) 　青(qing) 　影(ying) 　生 　平

文讀 sεn省市 t‘in青年 in電影 sεn學生 p‘in和平

白讀 saη節省 t‘iaη青(qing)菜(cai) iaη影(ying)子 saη生(sheng)熟 p‘iaη平地

影母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)開口呼多(duo)讀(du)[η]聲(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)，不讀(du)零聲(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)，如南昌(chang)(chang)市：安ηon襖ηau愛ηai鴉(ya)ηa“大小”的(de)(de)“大”讀(du)[ai]韻母(mu)(mu)(mu)，來自(zi)蟹攝(she)徒蓋切。普(pu)通話讀(du)[a]韻母(mu)(mu)(mu)，來自(zi)果攝(she)唐佐切。南昌(chang)(chang)方言把(ba)母(mu)(mu)(mu)親的(de)(de)姐(jie)(jie)姐(jie)(jie)叫“[t‘o]娘(niang)”，撫州方言把(ba)板栗叫“[ho]栗”，這里(li)的(de)(de)[t‘o]和(he)[ho]才是(shi)來自(zi)唐佐切的(de)(de)“大”字(zi)，也就是(shi)普(pu)通話的(de)(de)[ta] 。

“菜梗(geng)”的“梗(geng)”字(zi)絕大多數地方有[u]介(jie)音(yin)，而普通話讀[kη]，沒(mei)有[u]介(jie)音(yin)，如(ru)：

南(nan)昌(chang)kuaη 萍鄉ku? 彭(peng)澤(ze)kuan

“搬班”兩字韻母不同(tong)，“官關”兩字大部(bu)分地方韻母也(ye)不相(xiang)同(tong)。這兩對字在古代(dai)韻母不同(tong)，普通(tong)話變得相(xiang)同(tong)了，而(er)贛語中還保留著不同(tong)的特點，如：

南昌 　吉安市 　撫(fu)州(zhou) 　宜春

搬　pon 　pon 　pon 　pon

班 　pan 　pan 　pan 　pan

官 　kuon 　kuon 　kuon 　kuon

關　 kuan 　kuan 　kuan 　kuan

除吉安、萍(ping)鄉一(yi)帶(dai)無入(ru)聲之(zhi)外，全(quan)省其他(ta)地方的(de)贛語及其他(ta)方言基(ji)本上都有入(ru)聲。古(gu)代的(de)入(ru)聲字(zi)在吉安、萍(ping)鄉一(yi)帶(dai)的(de)基(ji)本情況是(shi)：古(gu)清聲母字(zi)今(jin)讀(du)陰(yin)平，古(gu)全(quan)濁(zhuo)聲母字(zi)今(jin)讀(du)去(qu)聲，次濁(zhuo)聲母字(zi)有的(de)讀(du)陰(yin)平，有的(de)讀(du)去(qu)聲。

詞匯(hui)方面：太(tai)陽叫“日(ri)頭(tou)”或“熱頭(tou)”（有的(de)(de)地(di)方“日(ri)熱”讀(du)音不分(fen)）。下雨說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“落雨”。站立大部分(fen)地(di)方說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“？隆(long)保(bao)ǘ寥紜(yun)凹肌保(bao)?有的(de)(de)地(di)方讀(du)如“欺”）。坐(zuo)著喝茶，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“坐(zuo)到吃茶”。交合說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“戳”。第(di)三人稱代(dai)詞說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“渠(qu)”。我的(de)(de)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“我個(ge)” 。

（三）使用地區

贛語是江(jiang)西省(sheng)最(zui)主要的方言，它(ta)不僅(jin)覆蓋了全省(sheng)面積和人(ren)口的三分之二，甚至(zhi)還分布(bu)在(zai)湖(hu)南(nan)、湖(hu)北、安徽、福建、浙(zhe)江(jiang)等鄰(lin)省(sheng)的部分地(di)區。

江(jiang)西省(sheng)內的贛語區(qu)包括以下62個市(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)：南(nan)昌(chang)(chang)市(shi)(shi)、南(nan)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、安(an)(an)義縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、永(yong)(yong)修(xiu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、修(xiu)水(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、廬(lu)山市(shi)(shi)、都(dou)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、湖口縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、彭澤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、高安(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)、奉新(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、靖(jing)安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、武寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)市(shi)(shi)、宜(yi)(yi)豐(feng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、上高縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樟樹市(shi)(shi)、新(xin)干縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、萍(ping)鄉(xiang)市(shi)(shi)、新(xin)余(yu)市(shi)(shi)、萬(wan)載縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、豐(feng)城市(shi)(shi)、吉安(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)、吉水(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、峽江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、安(an)(an)福(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、蓮(lian)花縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、泰和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、永(yong)(yong)新(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、井岡山市(shi)(shi)、永(yong)(yong)豐(feng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、萬(wan)安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、遂川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、撫州市(shi)(shi)、金(jin)溪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、崇仁縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)(yi)黃縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樂安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、南(nan)城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、黎(li)川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、資溪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、東鄉(xiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、進(jin)賢縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、南(nan)豐(feng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、廣昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鷹潭(tan)市(shi)(shi)、貴溪市(shi)(shi)、萬(wan)年縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、余(yu)江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、余(yu)干縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樂平(ping)市(shi)(shi)、鄱陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、橫峰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、弋(yi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鉛(qian)山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、景(jing)德(de)鎮(zhen)市(shi)(shi)等地區(qu)。

分片

江西省內的贛(gan)語區可分為昌都片(pian)、昌靖片(pian)、宜瀏片(pian)、吉茶片(pian)、撫廣片(pian)和鷹弋(yi)片(pian)。

二.客家話

客家話主要分(fen)布(bu)在全省南(nan)(nan)部(bu)的17個(ge)縣和西北(bei)部(bu)的銅鼓縣：興國、寧都、石城、瑞金、會昌、尋烏(wu)、安遠、定(ding)南(nan)(nan)、龍南(nan)(nan)、全南(nan)(nan)、信豐（不(bu)包括縣城嘉定(ding)鎮和城郊的部(bu)分(fen)農村）、大余、崇義、上猶、南(nan)(nan)康、贛縣、于都、銅鼓。

銅鼓縣60％以上的人(ren)口說客家話，分(fen)布(bu)在縣城及(ji)豐田(tian)、排埠(bu)、二(er)源、石(shi)橋、溫泉、三都、西向、大塅(duan)、古(gu)橋等鄉。少數(shu)人(ren)說贛語，分(fen)布(bu)在帶溪、棋坪、高橋、幽居、港(gang)口等鄉。

客家話(hua)還見于與銅鼓縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)毗鄰(lin)的一(yi)些地方：萬(wan)載縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)約2萬(wan)人(ren)，集中(zhong)在鄰(lin)近湖南(nan)省(sheng)界處(chu)。宜豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)黃岡、車(che)上(shang)、天寶、同(tong)安(an)、花橋等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，有(you)(you)大約3萬(wan)人(ren)，約占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的十分之一(yi)。奉新(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)甘坊(fang)、七里、西塔、石溪(xi)、澡(zao)(zao)溪(xi)、仰山等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，約5萬(wan)人(ren)，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的五分之一(yi)。靖安(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)官(guan)莊、澡(zao)(zao)都等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。高安(an)市華林鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。修水縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)山口(kou)、何市、上(shang)奉等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。武寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)石門鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。

客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)(jia)話(hua)(hua)還(huan)見于以(yi)下地方：廣昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)驛(yi)前鄉(xiang)(xiang)。永(yong)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)潭頭、龍(long)岡(gang)、君埠等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。吉安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)天河鎮(zhen)、前嶺、官田(tian)(tian)、敖城、指陽、東固、富田(tian)(tian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。泰和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)橋頭、碧溪、老營盤、上(shang)圮、中龍(long)、小龍(long)、水(shui)槎、沙村(cun)等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，人(ren)口(kou)約(yue)3萬多(duo)(duo)。萬安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)順峰、澗田(tian)(tian)、寶山、武術、桂江(jiang)、羅塘等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)40％左右。遂川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)除(chu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城泉江(jiang)鎮(zhen)和附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)瑤廈、珠田(tian)(tian)、年源、雩田(tian)(tian)、枚江(jiang)、盆珠等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)贛語之外，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)其(qi)余二(er)十多(duo)(duo)個鄉(xiang)(xiang)都說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)(jia)話(hua)(hua)，客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)籍(ji)(ji)占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三分之二(er)。井(jing)(jing)岡(gang)山市(shi)黃(huang)坳、下七、長坪等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)和羅浮墾殖場的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)井(jing)(jing)、朱砂、羅浮二(er)個分場，客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)籍(ji)(ji)占全(quan)市(shi)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)約(yue)40％。寧岡(gang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)睦村(cun)、茅坪、大(da)隴、白露(lu)、荷(he)花(hua)等(deng)(deng)(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)籍(ji)(ji)人(ren)口(kou)2萬，不(bu)到全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三分之一(yi)。永(yong)新縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)坳南(nan)、曲(qu)江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)籍(ji)(ji)人(ren)口(kou)2000。以(yi)上(shang)九個縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)(jia)話(hua)(hua)地區(qu)與贛南(nan)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)(jia)話(hua)(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份(fen)連成一(yi)片。贛東北(bei)橫(heng)峰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍(long)門鄉(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)源排、戈(ge)家(jia)(jia)村(cun)也(ye)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)(jia)話(hua)(hua)，約(yue)600人(ren)。其(qi)他有的(de)(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份(fen)也(ye)有零星客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)籍(ji)(ji)，如蓮花(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)荷(he)塘鄉(xiang)(xiang)只有幾(ji)戶(hu)人(ren)家(jia)(jia)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)(jia)話(hua)(hua)。

三.官話區

官(guan)話(hua)(hua)區有5個市(shi)縣(xian)(xian)，其中九江市(shi)、九江、瑞昌市(shi)說江淮官(guan)話(hua)(hua)。（瑞昌市(shi)大(da)部(bu)分鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)說江淮官(guan)話(hua)(hua)，南面少數幾個鄉(xiang)(xiang)說贛語），贛州市(shi)城區和(he)信(xin)豐說西南官(guan)話(hua)(hua)（信(xin)豐縣(xian)(xian)城嘉定鎮(zhen)及桃江鄉(xiang)(xiang)的大(da)部(bu)分、大(da)阿鄉(xiang)(xiang)的太平圍村說西南官(guan)話(hua)(hua)，全縣(xian)(xian)大(da)部(bu)分農村說客(ke)家話(hua)(hua);

四.吳語區

吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)區有(you)4個市縣(xian)：上(shang)饒(rao)市、上(shang)饒(rao)、廣豐、玉(yu)山(shan)。德興縣(xian)的龍頭山(shan)也說吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)。江西的吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)區在贛(gan)東北，與浙江省衢州一帶的吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)連成一片。

五.徽語區有3個縣：婺源、德興、浮梁。

六.除(chu)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)語、客家話(hua)(hua)、江淮(huai)官(guan)話(hua)(hua)、西南官(guan)話(hua)(hua)、吳語、徽語以外，全省名地還有一(yi)(yi)些(xie)近代從外省遷(qian)入(ru)的(de)移民，說不同的(de)方言，主要的(de)有“福建腔”，分散在(zai)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)東北的(de)幾個縣。解放后修新(xin)安江水(shui)庫，有不少說吳語的(de)浙江移民，遷(qian)移到江西的(de)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)縣居住，主要也在(zai)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)東北。

少數民(min)族(zu)語(yu)言有瑤語(yu)，在全南縣竹(zhu)山(shan)(shan)鄉嵠(xi)山(shan)(shan)村，人口約200人，說(shuo)瑤語(yu)和(he)當地(di)的(de)客家話。江西省的(de)其他(ta)少數民(min)族(zu)，主要是畬族(zu)，不說(shuo)自己的(de)少數民(min)族(zu)語(yu)言，只說(shuo)當地(di)的(de)漢語(yu)方(fang)言。

七.江西地方言

（一）南昌：

1.切了貨——完了，遇上事兒(er)了

2.祝希哩——干什(shen)么，為什(shen)么

3.冒有——沒有的意(yi)思

4.搭(da)到了頭——意(yi)指一件事本(ben)來很容易做(zuo)成(cheng)卻把它弄砸了或不切合實際的事卻冒(mao)險做(zuo)了或要(yao)做(zuo)

5.恰了飯(fan)啵(bo)——南(nan)昌(chang)(chang)人(ren)見(jian)面常(chang)說的一句話，問對方有(you)沒有(you)吃飯(fan)，可(ke)見(jian)南(nan)昌(chang)(chang)人(ren)的熱情

6.平整——意指好，可指人(ren)也可指事

7.喀[kie]氣——意指女人漂亮

8.啷[long]——意指怎么，南昌(chang)話中用得很多的一個詞(ci)

9.森頭(tou)搭腦——意指人很笨(ben)，很傻，類似南昌話(hua)中“鵝(e)”字

10.雜(za)隙——趕快(kuai)

（二）九江話

1.面的——黃蟲

2.做事(shi)搞(gao)一(yi)下，弄一(yi)下——杯(bei)一(yi)哈(ha)

3.女生愛打扮(ban)——搖婆精

4.設圈套——做合子

5.撒(sa)謊——撤白(bai)乎(hu), 逗控(kong)

6.煩人——ZEI人, ZEI心, 腫人

7.這里——跌地(di)

8.開(kai)始(shi)——嘎式(shi)

9.鼻涕(ti)——壁龍拋

10.地痞(pi)——流（第四聲(sheng)）子板(ban)兒

（三）景德鎮話

1.么的檸——什(shen)么人

2.嘎(ga)嘎(ga)——爺爺

3.恰子(zi)——瘋瘋顛(dian)顛(dian)

4.打(da)風暴——雷陣雨

5.恰(qia)面樣個——指(zhi)事情很容(rong)易辦成

6.剎么——吹牛(niu)

7.拓古拓太——形容一個東西好大

8.崽里子(zi)——小伙子(zi)

9.女崽里——姑娘

10. 排場——漂亮(liang)

（四）宜春話

1.bà急——急匆(cong)忙忙

2.巴薩(sa)——蜘(zhi)蛛

3.百(bai)思百(bai)——一百(bai)多(duo)

4.bià頭上(shang)——墻上(shang)

5.滿四——到處(chu)

6.特今——故意

7.精痛——很痛

8.左思——干(gan)脆

9.[滿]zí——等(deng)一下~就來

10.得(de)(de)了個——不(bu)得(de)(de)了的

（五）萍鄉話

1.恰里飯冒——吃(chi)了飯嗎(ma)

2.有腳(jiao)冒(mao)——有人嗎(3缺1)

3.腦(nao)殼上兩扎贈古腦(nao)——頭(tou)上敲兩下

4.你(ni)搞雜里哦(e)？——你(ni)(想(xiang))做什么呢?/ 你(ni)(想(xiang))干嘛?

5.冰(bing)冷(leng)(lǎn)一壺(音fú)燒酒——形容做某件事虎(hu)頭蛇尾冷(leng)了場(chang)

6.乜（miē）爛(lan)咯——形容肉類、果品等(deng)食物已經熟透；或(huo)形容物品被破壞得(de)比較嚴重(zhong)；或(huo)形容某件事情在進行中(zhong)被攪得(de)一團糟；

7.莪苠菅(音gàn)棘——形容某人為(wei)某件事而糾纏不清

8.稀喲咯——形容物體的濃度和(he)硬(ying)度都較低，成稠泥狀。

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