電梯變頻器工作原理

現在電梯都是用變頻器來控制，當變頻器出故(gu)障就會給很多(duo)人帶來不便，如果(guo)維修人員能正確理(li)解電梯變頻器原(yuan)理(li)，那(nei)么維修就得容易了。

VVVF 是(shi) Variable Voltage and Variable Frequency 的縮寫(xie)，意為改(gai)變(bian)電壓和改(gai)變(bian)頻(pin)率，也(ye)就是(shi)人們所說(shuo)的變(bian)壓變(bian)頻(pin)。

CVCF 是(shi) Constant Voltage and Constant Frequency 的縮(suo)寫，意為恒電壓、恒頻率(lv)，也就是(shi)人們所說的恒壓恒頻。

我(wo)(wo)們使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)分為(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，一般的(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)大(da)多是(shi)由(you)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)通過變壓(ya)器變壓(ya)，整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)濾(lv)波后得到的(de)。交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)人(ren)們使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中占總使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)95％左右。無(wu)論是(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)家庭還是(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)工廠，單相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和三(san)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，其(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)均按各國(guo)的(de)規(gui)定有一定的(de)標(biao)準，如(ru)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)大(da)陸規(gui)定，直接(jie)用(yong)(yong)戶單相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)220V，三(san)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)380V，頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)為(wei)50Hz，其(qi)(qi)它(ta)國(guo)家的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)可能于(yu)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)不同，如(ru)有單相(xiang)100V/60Hz，三(san)相(xiang)200V/60Hz等等，標(biao)準的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)的(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)叫工頻(pin)(pin)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

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通常，把(ba)電(dian)(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)固(gu)定(ding)不變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)工頻(pin)(pin)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)壓或(huo)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)可(ke)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)稱(cheng)作“變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)”。為(wei)了產生可(ke)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)，該設備首先(xian)要(yao)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換為(wei)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)（DC），這個(ge)過程叫(jiao)整流(liu)。把(ba)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)（DC）變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換為(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)（AC）的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，其科學(xue)術語為(wei)“inverter”(逆(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))。一(yi)般逆(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是把(ba)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源逆(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)固(gu)定(ding)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)和(he)一(yi)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)逆(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)源。對于逆(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)可(ke)調(diao)、電(dian)(dian)壓可(ke)調(diao)的(de)(de)逆(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)我(wo)們稱(cheng)為(wei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

變頻器輸出的波形是模擬正弦波，主要是用在三相異步電動機調速用，又叫變頻調速器。對于主要用在儀器儀表的(de)(de)檢測設備(bei)中(zhong)的(de)(de)波形要求較(jiao)高的(de)(de)可變頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率逆變器，要對波形進行整理，可以輸出標準(zhun)的(de)(de)正弦波，叫(jiao)變頻(pin)(pin)(pin)電源。一般變頻(pin)(pin)(pin)電源是變頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器價(jia)格的(de)(de)15－－20倍。由于變頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器設備(bei)中(zhong)產(chan)生變化的(de)(de)電壓或頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率的(de)(de)主要裝置(zhi)叫(jiao)“inverter”，故該產(chan)品(pin)本身就被命名為“inverter”，即：變頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器。

變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)也可用(yong)于家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產品(pin)。使用(yong)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產品(pin)中(zhong)，不僅有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)（例如空(kong)調(diao)等），還有(you)熒光(guang)燈等產品(pin)。用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)控制的(de)(de)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)，既可以(yi)改變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，又可以(yi)改變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)。但(dan)用(yong)于熒光(guang)燈的(de)(de)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)主要用(yong)于調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)。汽(qi)車上使用(yong)的(de)(de)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池（直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)）產生交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)設備也以(yi)“inverter”的(de)(de)名(ming)稱(cheng)進行出售。變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)工作原(yuan)理(li)被廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于各個領(ling)域。例如計算機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在該(gai)項應(ying)用(yong)中(zhong)，變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)于抑制反向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)的(de)(de)波動及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)瞬間(jian)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

電梯變頻器維修與保養

1、電(dian)梯電(dian)氣室溫度不能太高，否則(ze)變(bian)頻器元(yuan)件容易老化，最好裝有(you)空調，效果相當(dang)不錯！

2、防止雨水(shui)淋(lin)濕，通常(chang)是(shi)在刮臺風時(shi)，窗門被風吹壞而使變頻器淋(lin)到雨水(shui)。

3、防雷電，這個就關系到整棟樓或整個小區(qu)防雷設施問(wen)題，被雷擊的變頻器一般損壞嚴重。

4、變頻器(qi)的(de)散熱(re)風扇要定時(shi)清(qing)塵，發(fa)現其有(you)響聲(sheng)或(huo)不運轉就(jiu)要更換。

5、電(dian)梯電(dian)機有(you)不正(zheng)常響聲通常是變(bian)頻器有(you)問題，如電(dian)機三相電(dian)流不平(ping)衡，這(zhe)時(shi)最好就要(yao)維修，等到變(bian)頻器完(wan)全不行則損壞(huai)可(ke)能比(bi)較嚴重。如果自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)沒(mei)有(you)維修經(jing)驗就不要(yao)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)維修，避免把(ba)變(bian)頻器弄得(de)更壞(huai)。