石家莊市是河北省(sheng)省(sheng)會,全省(sheng)政治、經(jing)濟、科(ke)技、金融、文化(hua)和信息(xi)中(zhong)心(xin),是國務(wu)院批準實行沿海開(kai)放政策和金融對外開(kai)放城市(shi)。地處河北省(sheng)中(zhong)南(nan)部,環渤(bo)海灣經(jing)濟區,即北緯37°27′~38°47′(誤差±1′),東經(jing)113°30′~115°20′(誤差±1′)之(zhi)間,東與衡水(shui)市(shi)接壤(rang),南(nan)與邢臺市(shi)毗連,西(xi)與山西(xi)省(sheng)為鄰(lin),北與保定市(shi)交界,位(wei)于首都(dou)北京西(xi)南(nan)方向,距離北京市(shi)主城區283千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。南(nan)北最(zui)長(chang)處148.02千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi),東西(xi)最(zui)寬處175.38千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。2017年石(shi)家莊(zhuang)市(shi)部分(fen)縣(市(shi)、區)修訂轄(xia)區面(mian)(mian)積(ji)數值(zhi),經(jing)統計,石(shi)家莊(zhuang)市(shi)實際總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)13504平方千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(不包(bao)括河北省(sheng)直(zhi)管(guan)辛集(ji)市(shi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)960平方千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)),其中(zhong),8個建置區面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2220平方千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。
石家(jia)莊市常(chang)年平均(jun)(jun)氣溫約13℃;年平均(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)約511毫米;年平均(jun)(jun)日照時(shi)(shi)數約2350小時(shi)(shi)。
石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)轄8區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)13縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(市(shi)(shi)),即長安區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、橋(qiao)西區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、新華區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、裕華區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、井陘礦(kuang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、藁(gao)(gao)(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、鹿(lu)泉(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、欒(luan)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、井陘縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、正(zheng)定縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、行(xing)唐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、靈壽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、高(gao)邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、深澤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、贊(zan)皇縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、無極縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、平(ping)山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、元氏(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、趙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、晉州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)、新樂市(shi)(shi)。擁有2個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級開(kai)(kai)發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),即石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)高(gao)新技(ji)術(shu)產(chan)業(ye)開(kai)(kai)發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(1991年(nian)3月(yue)國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)批(pi)準設立)、石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)經(jing)濟技(ji)術(shu)開(kai)(kai)發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(1992年(nian)7月(yue)河(he)北省(sheng)(sheng)批(pi)準設立,2012年(nian)10月(yue)國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)批(pi)準升級為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級開(kai)(kai)發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),由藁(gao)(gao)(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管轄,曾(ceng)稱藁(gao)(gao)(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)經(jing)濟開(kai)(kai)發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))。2013年(nian)6月(yue)1日(ri),原(yuan)石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)辛集(ji)市(shi)(shi)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃設置,劃歸河(he)北省(sheng)(sheng)直接管轄。另(ling)有3個(ge)派(pai)出機構(國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級高(gao)新技(ji)術(shu)產(chan)業(ye)開(kai)(kai)發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、河(he)北石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)循環化工園區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、綜(zong)合保稅區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))行(xing)使所在地(di)域行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管理(li)權(quan)。2014年(nian)9月(yue)9日(ri),國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)批(pi)復河(he)北省(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府關于(yu)石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)部分行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)的請示(國(guo)(guo)函〔2014〕122號),同意(yi)撤銷石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)東區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、藁(gao)(gao)(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)、鹿(lu)泉(quan)(quan)市(shi)(shi)、欒(luan)城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),同時設立石家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)藁(gao)(gao)(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、鹿(lu)泉(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、欒(luan)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。年(nian)末全市(shi)(shi)共有121個(ge)鎮、84個(ge)鄉、56個(ge)街(jie)道辦事(shi)處,642個(ge)居委(wei)會、4010個(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)村。
據(ju)《禹貢》記載,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夏禹時期為(wei)(wei)(wei)冀州(zhou)(zhou)地。秦始皇統一中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)后,全面推行郡縣(xian)制,屬(shu)巨鹿(lu)郡(郡治(zhi)(zhi)今巨鹿(lu)縣(xian))。清代,屬(shu)直(zhi)(zhi)隸省真定(ding)府(fu)(fu)(府(fu)(fu)治(zhi)(zhi)今正(zheng)定(ding)鎮,清雍正(zheng)元(yuan)年(nian)改正(zheng)定(ding)府(fu)(fu))、保定(ding)府(fu)(fu)(府(fu)(fu)治(zhi)(zhi)今清苑縣(xian))、趙(zhao)州(zhou)(zhou)(州(zhou)(zhou)治(zhi)(zhi)今趙(zhao)州(zhou)(zhou)鎮)、定(ding)州(zhou)(zhou)(州(zhou)(zhou)治(zhi)(zhi)初屬(shu)祁州(zhou)(zhou),雍正(zheng)十二年(nian)改今定(ding)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi))。民國(guo)元(yuan)年(nian)(1912年(nian)),中(zhong)(zhong)華民國(guo)成(cheng)立,仍沿清制。民國(guo)3年(nian)(1914年(nian)),裁府(fu)(fu)設(she)道。民國(guo)14年(nian)(1925年(nian))6月(yue)24日(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)華民國(guo)臨時執政(zheng)命令直(zhi)(zhi)隸省建(jian)立“石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”,實行市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自治(zhi)(zhi)制;8月(yue)29日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)華民國(guo)臨時執政(zheng)又以1273號指令批(pi)準將石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(家(jia)(jia)(jia))莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、休門合并,取首尾各一字,更名為(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)門市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1960年(nian)5月(yue)3日(ri),國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)批(pi)準撤銷石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)專區,改為(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1961年(nian)5月(yue),國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)批(pi)準恢(hui)(hui)復石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)專區建(jian)制。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)專區轄(xia)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和25個縣(xian)。1968年(nian)1月(yue)29日(ri),河(he)北省會(hui)遷(qian)至石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1978年(nian)3月(yue)11日(ri),石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劃為(wei)(wei)(wei)河(he)北省直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1978年(nian)7月(yue),石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)地區革命委員會(hui)撤銷,成(cheng)立河(he)北省石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)地區行政(zheng)公署(shu)。1982年(nian)8月(yue)12日(ri),撤銷石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)革命委員會(hui),恢(hui)(hui)復石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)。1993年(nian)6月(yue)30日(ri),石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)地區行政(zheng)公署(shu)與(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)合并,成(cheng)立新的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)。
月(yue)(yue)季 屬(shu)薔(qiang)薇科(ke)、薔(qiang)薇屬(shu),系(xi)木本落葉灌木,原產中(zhong)國,已有2000多(duo)年的栽培歷史,被譽為“花中(zhong)皇后(hou)”,花色艷麗(li),千姿(zi)百態(tai),香味馥郁,品種繁多(duo),露(lu)地栽培從春到秋處處可見其綽約豐姿(zi),是(shi)美好、友誼、和平(ping)的象征。月(yue)(yue)季還代表著石家莊人頑強不(bu)屈、堅(jian)韌不(bu)拔的品格,展示石家莊人奮(fen)發圖強、不(bu)斷進取的精(jing)神風貌(mao)。
國槐屬(shu)豆科槐屬(shu),系落葉喬木。國槐原(yuan)產于中國,栽培歷史(shi)悠久(jiu),抗(kang)逆性強,壽命長。石(shi)家莊市有百年(nian)以上(shang)古槐多達(da)71株,其中500年(nian)以上(shang)的古槐就(jiu)達(da)58株,且仍然枝繁(fan)葉茂,生機勃(bo)勃(bo)。它也能代(dai)表石(shi)家莊人(ren)頑強不(bu)屈、堅(jian)韌不(bu)拔的品(pin)格,展(zhan)示(shi)石(shi)家莊人(ren)奮發(fa)圖(tu)強、不(bu)斷進取的精神風貌。
石(shi)家莊市東部(bu)為(wei)華(hua)北平原。西(xi)部(bu)為(wei)太行山區。西(xi)部(bu)山區地(di)(di)質構(gou)造(zao)復(fu)雜(za),成(cheng)礦(kuang)(kuang)條件(jian)良好(hao),擁有(you)比較豐富的(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)產資(zi)源。資(zi)源儲量固體礦(kuang)(kuang)產有(you)51種、產地(di)(di)382處(chu)(包括15處(chu)共(gong)伴(ban)生礦(kuang)(kuang)產地(di)(di)),其(qi)中(zhong)大型(xing)(xing)礦(kuang)(kuang)產地(di)(di)21處(chu)、中(zhong)型(xing)(xing)礦(kuang)(kuang)產地(di)(di)48處(chu)、小型(xing)(xing)礦(kuang)(kuang)產地(di)(di)313處(chu)。全市開發(fa)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)礦(kuang)(kuang)種28種,優勢礦(kuang)(kuang)產有(you)金、銀、冶金用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)白云巖、電石(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)灰巖、水泥用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)灰巖、溶劑(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)灰巖、玻璃用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)英沙巖、飾面(mian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)材、碎云母9種礦(kuang)(kuang)產。已查明資(zi)源儲量礦(kuang)(kuang)產中(zhong),保有(you)資(zi)源儲量(折合礦(kuang)(kuang)石(shi)量)總計283071萬噸、折價(jia)1181.43億元。
石家莊市煤(mei)(mei)炭、石油、天然氣(qi)(qi)等(deng)礦藏儲量(liang)(liang)較為豐富,煤(mei)(mei)種有(you)肥煤(mei)(mei)、焦煤(mei)(mei)、無(wu)煙煤(mei)(mei)、氣(qi)(qi)煤(mei)(mei)等(deng)。全市煤(mei)(mei)炭保有(you)資(zi)源儲量(liang)(liang)33153.4萬噸,主(zhu)要分布(bu)(bu)在元氏縣(xian)和井陘礦區,其次(ci)是贊皇縣(xian)。石油和天然氣(qi)(qi)資(zi)源主(zhu)要分布(bu)(bu)在晉州市,油氣(qi)(qi)田地質儲量(liang)(liang)5.1億噸,含(han)油面積3.04萬平方(fang)米;天然氣(qi)(qi)儲量(liang)(liang)19.2億立(li)方(fang)米。
石家莊市生物資源比較豐富。動物現知陸棲(qi)(qi)(包(bao)括兩棲(qi)(qi))脊(ji)椎動物223種(zhong)。其中,以鳥類最多,其次是(shi)獸類,兩棲(qi)(qi)類及(ji)爬行類較少。
石家莊植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)屬暖溫帶針(zhen)闊混(hun)交(jiao)林,植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類(lei)型由自然植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)和人工植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)組成(cheng)。植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)結構(gou)復(fu)雜(za),種(zhong)類(lei)繁多,植(zhi)物資(zi)源合(he)計2500余種(zhong)。其中草本植(zhi)物占80%以上(shang)。木(mu)本植(zhi)物有44科74屬144種(zhong),喬木(mu)有26科35屬75種(zhong),灌木(mu)有23科34屬43種(zhong)。
全(quan)(quan)市地(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)資(zi)源量(liang)5.32億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)資(zi)源量(liang)11.77億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),扣除地(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)和地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)資(zi)源重復計算量(liang),全(quan)(quan)市水(shui)資(zi)源總量(liang)14.72億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),比多(duo)年均值20.35億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)減(jian)少5.63億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)。供水(shui)量(liang)全(quan)(quan)市供水(shui)量(liang)27.68億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)。其中(zhong),地(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)供水(shui)7.60億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),占27.5%;地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)供水(shui)量(liang)20.09億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),占72.5%。全(quan)(quan)市用水(shui)量(liang)27.68億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)。
石家莊(zhuang)市土(tu)地(di)(di)資(zi)源類(lei)型多(duo)樣,適宜性廣,土(tu)地(di)(di)資(zi)源比較豐富。光(guang)、熱(re)、水土(tu)條件適宜,土(tu)地(di)(di)利用率和生產率高,但地(di)(di)域差異(yi)明顯(xian),土(tu)地(di)(di)后(hou)備(bei)資(zi)源不足(zu)。