1981年7月9—14日,長江(jiang)上游四川盆地廣大地區(qu)(qu)發生了(le)歷(li)史上罕(han)見的(de)大面積連續(xu)6天(tian)暴雨,雨區(qu)(qu)主(zhu)要集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)嘉陵江(jiang)干流中(zhong)游、涪江(jiang)中(zhong)下游、沱江(jiang)上中(zhong)游以及(ji)岷江(jiang)與渠江(jiang)中(zhong)游部分,致使長江(jiang)上游干流重慶至宜昌河(he)段出現了(le)當時建國以后或歷(li)史上少見的(de)洪水。
重(zhong)慶(qing)寸灘站(zhan)洪(hong)(hong)峰流量(liang)高達85700立(li)方米每秒(miao),成(cheng)為當(dang)時20世紀以(yi)后(hou)的(de)最大洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)。由(you)于(yu)山洪(hong)(hong)暴發,洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)泛濫,導致了(le)干支流兩岸人民(min)生命財產和(he)工農業(ye)生產的(de)嚴重(zhong)損(sun)失(shi),受災人口達1500多萬(wan)人,150萬(wan)人無家可歸,受淹耕(geng)地1300多萬(wan)畝,洪(hong)(hong)災造成(cheng)的(de)直(zhi)接經(jing)濟(ji)損(sun)失(shi)約20億(yi)元。
四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)屬(shu)亞(ya)熱帶氣(qi)候,雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)充沛,年(nian)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)900—1200毫米,基本上(shang)由盆(pen)緣山(shan)地(di)向盆(pen)地(di)腹部遞減,雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)集中在汛期,5—10月雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)約占全年(nian)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)的80%,其中暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)多(duo)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在7、8兩月,四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)西部峨嵋(mei)山(shan)、川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)東北大(da)巴山(shan)南麓為長江(jiang)(jiang)流域主要暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)區(qu)。四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)災(zai)害頻(pin)繁,嘉陵江(jiang)(jiang)于(yu)流合(he)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)縣近200年(nian)間(jian)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)淹城記(ji)載就有(you)(you)13次之多(duo),涪(fu)江(jiang)(jiang)下游(you)遂寧縣近百年(nian)來也(ye)被淹過(guo)8次。四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省地(di)形(xing)復雜,局部地(di)區(qu)如—二條水(shui)(shui)(shui)系發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的機會(hui)較多(duo),而(er)岷江(jiang)(jiang)、沱(tuo)江(jiang)(jiang)、嘉陵江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系同時(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的機會(hui)較少,1981年(nian)7月暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)則屬(shu)于(yu)這(zhe)種(zhong)類型,歷史上(shang)與(yu)其相類似的有(you)(you)1840年(nian)、1870年(nian)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。
1981年7月9日(ri)到14日(ri),長江上(shang)游(you)四(si)川盆地腹地出現大(da)(da)范(fan)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)歷時1天(tian)。11—13日(ri)三(san)天(tian)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)集中(zhong)(zhong),強度(du)大(da)(da)、范(fan)圍(wei)廣。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)以12日(ri)11時至(zhi)13日(ri)11時的(de)(de)(de)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)強最(zui)大(da)(da)。六天(tian)暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)由(you)(you)9—11日(ri)、12—14日(ri)兩次(ci)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)構(gou)成。9—11日(ri)由(you)(you)東西(xi)向切(qie)變造成東北(bei)—西(xi)南向暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)帶(dai)。雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)區主要分布在岷(min)、沱、涪、嘉四(si)江的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)游(you)。三(san)日(ri)總降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)在105毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)心有(you)4個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)安寧橋站雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)206.1毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)最(zui)大(da)(da)。三(san)日(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于100毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)籠(long)罩面積為(wei)(wei)15048平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。12一14日(ri)由(you)(you)北(bei)槽南渦的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)氣形(xing)勢繼續造成在岷(min)、沱、涪、嘉四(si)江上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)游(you)大(da)(da)面積暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)或特大(da)(da)暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。三(san)日(ri)總雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)超過300毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)心有(you)5個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)位于嘉陵江中(zhong)(zhong)游(you)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)寺站439.7毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)最(zui)大(da)(da)。暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)籠(long)罩面積遠大(da)(da)于9—11日(ri)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)過程。三(san)日(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于100毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)籠(long)罩面積為(wei)(wei)103480平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。
7月12日(ri)(ri)(ri)為降雨(yu)(yu)(yu)最集中(zhong)的(de)一(yi)天,范圍也廣(guang),雨(yu)(yu)(yu)帶呈(cheng)東北(bei)—西南向。日(ri)(ri)(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)超過200毫米(mi)(mi)的(de)有4個(ge)(ge)站(zhan),籠(long)罩面積3700平(ping)方公里(li),暴雨(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)心上(shang)寺(si)站(zhan)的(de)日(ri)(ri)(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)為345.8毫米(mi)(mi)。7月13日(ri)(ri)(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)區范圍增大(da),大(da)于50毫米(mi)(mi)的(de)籠(long)罩面積137440平(ping)方公里(li)。但強度有所減弱,日(ri)(ri)(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)超過200毫米(mi)(mi)的(de)有9個(ge)(ge)站(zhan),籠(long)罩面積1580平(ping)方公里(li),暴雨(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)心在(zai)嘉陵江(jiang)九(jiu)龍山站(zhan),日(ri)(ri)(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)為242.4毫米(mi)(mi)。12一(yi)13日(ri)(ri)(ri)兩(liang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)降雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)占(zhan)六日(ri)(ri)(ri)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)的(de)80—90%。
7月(yue)9—14日六(liu)天暴(bao)雨(yu)全過程,雨(yu)區分布在(zai)雅礱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下游、岷江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中下游、大(da)渡河下游、青(qing)衣(yi)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、沱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、嘉(jia)陵(ling)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、渠江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、涪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)等地(di)區。暴(bao)雨(yu)中心超過400毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)的有10個站(zhan),分布在(zai)沱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)游、涪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中游、嘉(jia)陵(ling)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中游,范圍達2600平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里,最大(da)暴(bao)雨(yu)中心在(zai)嘉(jia)陵(ling)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中游的上(shang)寺站(zhan),雨(yu)量489.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)。六(liu)天雨(yu)量大(da)于(yu)300毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)的籠罩面(mian)積(ji)近2萬平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里,大(da)于(yu)100毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)的籠罩面(mian)積(ji)達17多平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里。籠罩面(mian)積(ji)之廣,居(ju)長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)游有實測資料(liao)的首位;特別是大(da)暴(bao)雨(yu)發生(sheng)在(zai)盆地(di)腹部,更為少見(jian)。
1981年7月初起至洪水(shui)發(fa)生前(qian)(qian),岷江(jiang)(jiang)、沱江(jiang)(jiang)、嘉陵江(jiang)(jiang)等水(shui)系(xi)幾乎每天都有(you)降(jiang)雨(yu),其中1—4日(ri)為(wei)一次(ci)(ci)大面積的(de)暴(bao)雨(yu)過程。由于暴(bao)雨(yu)連(lian)綿(mian)不斷,使流域內前(qian)(qian)期土壤(rang)含水(shui)量比較大,各(ge)(ge)水(shui)系(xi)的(de)底(di)水(shui)也較高。7月9日(ri)開始此此次(ci)(ci)降(jiang)雨(yu)后,各(ge)(ge)江(jiang)(jiang)上游相繼于11—12日(ri)開始漲水(shui)。
岷江(jiang)處于(yu)此(ci)次暴雨(yu)區邊緣(yuan),降雨(yu)集中在中游成都(dou)平(ping)原(yuan)。控制(zhi)站(zhan)高(gao)場于(yu)14日出(chu)現洪峰,洪峰流量25900立方(fang)米(mi)每秒(miao),呈雙(shuang)峰型,小于(yu)實測最大年(nian)份1961年(nian)6月的34100立方(fang)米(mi)每秒(miao),僅為15年(nian)間的最大值。
沱(tuo)江上游(you)處于鹿頭山(shan)暴雨區,金堂(tang)三皇廟站洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量達(da)81l0立(li)方米每(mei)秒,超(chao)過了(le)歷史最(zui)大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水的1840年(nian)(7730立(li)方米每(mei)秒),金堂(tang)縣全城被(bei)淹(yan)。金堂(tang)以下區間(jian)暴雨集中。控制站傘家灣(wan)15日出現洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量,高達(da)15200立(li)方米每(mei)秒,為建國以后的最(zui)大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水,與1948年(nian)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(16200立(li)方米每(mei)秒)相近,當時居(ju)1898年(nian)以后的第四位。
嘉陵江處于此次暴(bao)雨(yu)中(zhong)心。干流金銀臺以(yi)上暴(bao)雨(yu)集中(zhong),強(qiang)度大(da),各支流洪水遭遇,金銀臺14日出(chu)現洪峰流量31000立方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao),超過了歷史最大(da)的1903年(2700立方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)),致使(shi)下游閬中(zhong)、南部(bu)、南充等縣市(shi)大(da)范(fan)圍被淹沒,下游控制站武勝15日出(chu)現洪峰流量28900立方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)。
西(xi)支涪江上中游(you)處于暴雨的第二中心,射(she)洪(hong)(hong)14日(ri)(ri)洪(hong)(hong)峰流量(liang)25700立方(fang)米(mi)每秒,超過1954年(nian)(nian)(nian)實測最(zui)大洪(hong)(hong)水,與(yu)1945年(nian)(nian)(nian)洪(hong)(hong)水(26200立方(fang)米(mi)每秒)相近。下游(you)控制站小(xiao)河(he)壩15日(ri)(ri)洪(hong)(hong)峰流量(liang)28700立方(fang)米(mi)每秒,超過了1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)、1945年(nian)(nian)(nian)洪(hong)(hong)水,當(dang)時為1870年(nian)(nian)(nian)(29200立方(fang)米(mi)每秒)以后的最(zui)大值。
東(dong)支渠(qu)江處于暴(bao)雨(yu)邊緣,控制站羅渡溪16日(ri)洪峰流(liu)量為14800立方米每秒(miao),僅屬一般洪水。
嘉(jia)陵江干流洪(hong)峰與(yu)渠江洪(hong)峰遭遇,加上涪江洪(hong)水的(de)(de)后(hou)部,致使嘉(jia)陵江控制(zhi)站北碚于16日出現洪(hong)峰流量高(gao)達44800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒,大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)超過了建(jian)國以后(hou)實測最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)1975年(nian)洪(hong)水(37100立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒),當時為1870年(nian)以后(hou)的(de)(de)第三大(da)(da)(da)洪(hong)水(1870年(nian)為57300、1903年(nian)為53300立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒)。
岷、沱、嘉陵(ling)三(san)江(jiang)(jiang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),自(zi)西向東順(shun)序注入(ru)(ru)(ru)長江(jiang)(jiang),與處(chu)于暴雨邊緣的(de)(de)金沙江(jiang)(jiang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(屏山(shan)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)18600立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao),組成(cheng)(cheng)寸(cun)灘(tan)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)1萬立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)左右(you))在干(gan)流(liu)基(ji)本沒有相遇。寸(cun)灘(tan)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)從7月(yue)11日(ri)至16日(ri)的(de)(de)5天(tian)內,水(shui)位陡漲20.35米(mi)(mi)(mi),15日(ri)一天(tian)漲幅達10.37米(mi)(mi)(mi),16日(ri)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)位191.41米(mi)(mi)(mi),當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)1976年以后的(de)(de)最(zui)高記(ji)錄;洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)85700立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao),為(wei)(wei)1870年(100000立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao))以后110年間的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)值。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)過寸(cun)灘(tan)后,烏江(jiang)(jiang)(武隆站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)僅2040立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao))及三(san)峽區間來(lai)水(shui)均不大(da)。經河(he)槽調(diao)蓄,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)有較大(da)削減(jian),于19日(ri)到達長江(jiang)(jiang)上游(you)總控制站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)宜(yi)昌(chang)。宜(yi)昌(chang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)位為(wei)(wei)55.38米(mi)(mi)(mi),當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)居自(zi)1877年有水(shui)位記(ji)載以來(lai)的(de)(de)第四位;洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)70800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao),超(chao)過了1954年洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(66800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)),當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)1946年設流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)以來(lai)的(de)(de)最(zui)高紀錄,與推算的(de)(de)1896年洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)71100立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)相近。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)過宜(yi)昌(chang)后,清江(jiang)(jiang)只有800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)來(lai)水(shui),經太平(ping)、松滋兩口(kou)分流(liu)13400立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)進入(ru)(ru)(ru)洞庭湖(hu),干(gan)流(liu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)于19日(ri)到達荊江(jiang)(jiang)重要站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)沙市,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)位為(wei)(wei)44.46米(mi)(mi)(mi),當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)該站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)自(zi)1903年有水(shui)文記(ji)載以來(lai)的(de)(de)第三(san)位。實(shi)測洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)54200立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao),再經藕池口(kou)分流(liu)8560立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)入(ru)(ru)(ru)洞庭湖(hu),監利(li)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)于20日(ri)出(chu)現洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)位35.77米(mi)(mi)(mi),為(wei)(wei)該站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)自(zi)1934年設站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)以來(lai)的(de)(de)第五位。由于洞庭湖(hu)水(shui)位低(di)(城陵(ling)磯7月(yue)16日(ri)水(shui)位僅29.55米(mi)(mi)(mi)),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)進入(ru)(ru)(ru)中下游(you)河(he)段后,江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)調(diao)蓄作用(yong)顯著,區間又未發生(sheng)暴雨,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)在干(gan)流(liu)螺(luo)山(shan)以下均低(di)于警戒水(shui)位。
“81.7”洪水(shui)四川省(sheng)災情十(shi)分嚴重。全(quan)省(sheng)除甘孜、阿(a)壩、涼山三州和渡口(kou)市外,洪水(shui)波及14個地(di)、市,119個縣(市、區),3549個公社(she),15305個生(sheng)產(chan)隊(dui),城鄉受(shou)災人口(kou)1584萬人,淹沒(mei)房屋223.7萬間(jian),倒塌、沖毀房屋139萬間(jian),死(si)亡888人,傷13010人,直接經濟(ji)損失20億元(yuan)以上。
1.在119個受(shou)(shou)災(zai)縣份中,遭受(shou)(shou)不同(tong)程度(du)淹(yan)(yan)(yan)沒的縣以上城市(shi)(shi)共53個,其中金堂、潼南(nan)、合川、資陽、資中、射洪、南(nan)部等7個縣城災(zai)情最重,絕大部分(fen)城區(qu)均(jun)為洪水(shui)所淹(yan)(yan)(yan),如(ru)金堂縣城主要街道水(shui)深(shen)5—6米,樓房(fang)普遍淹(yan)(yan)(yan)及(ji)兩(liang)層,平(ping)房(fang)大多沒于(yu)水(shui)下(xia),城區(qu)街道船(chuan)只(zhi)暢(chang)行無阻(zu),淹(yan)(yan)(yan)沒時間長達(da)兩(liang)晝(zhou)夜。此外(wai),成(cheng)都(dou)市(shi)(shi)、重慶市(shi)(shi)的北碚區(qu),以及(ji)龍泉驛、內江(jiang)、富順(shun)、豐(feng)都(dou)、涪陵、萬(wan)(wan)縣市(shi)(shi)、遂寧、劍閣(ge)、鹽亭、南(nan)充市(shi)(shi)等12個縣、市(shi)(shi)(區(qu))災(zai)情也很嚴重。如(ru)成(cheng)都(dou)市(shi)(shi)區(qu)有273條街道被淹(yan)(yan)(yan),受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)(yan)(yan)戶數約(yue)為32000戶,受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)(yan)(yan)建筑面積(ji)54.72萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米,房(fang)屋倒塌1.54萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米,市(shi)(shi)區(qu)受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)(yan)(yan)面積(ji)48平(ping)方(fang)公里。南(nan)充市(shi)(shi)3.9萬(wan)(wan)間住房(fang)被淹(yan)(yan)(yan),被淹(yan)(yan)(yan)面積(ji)占市(shi)(shi)區(qu)面積(ji)的41.5%。同(tong)時受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)(yan)(yan)的縣以下(xia)場(chang)鎮556個。
2.受淹農田1311萬(wan)(wan)畝,其中(zhong)絕收342萬(wan)(wan)畝,沖(chong)毀耕地112萬(wan)(wan)畝,沖(chong)走(zou)糧食(shi)2.5億公斤,沖(chong)走(zou)、死(si)亡大牲(sheng)畜(chu)138812頭(tou),因洪(hong)災減產糧食(shi)13.35億公斤。
3.據不(bu)完(wan)全(quan)統汁(zhi),7—9三個(ge)(ge)月因洪水停(ting)產(chan)或半停(ting)產(chan)的工(gong)(gong)礦(kuang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)有2691個(ge)(ge),這些工(gong)(gong)礦(kuang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中,受災嚴重的是二輕(qing)(qing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、街道工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、內河航(hang)運社、群(qun)眾搬(ban)運業(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)集體所有制企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye),其數量約占停(ting)產(chan)、半停(ting)產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)總(zong)數的40%。僅(jin)二輕(qing)(qing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)直接經(jing)濟損失(shi)就達8529萬元。如重慶市工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)特別是輕(qing)(qing)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)大多分布(bu)在沿江低洼地帶,其中紡織局所屬36個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)廠有16個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)廠被(bei)(bei)淹,一輕(qing)(qing)局所屬49個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)廠有19個(ge)(ge)被(bei)(bei)淹。內江棉紡廠主(zhu)廠房水淹深(shen)度1.9米(mi),主(zhu)要設備(bei)全(quan)部被(bei)(bei)淹,直接經(jing)濟損失(shi)478萬元。
4.成(cheng)(cheng)渝、寶成(cheng)(cheng)、成(cheng)(cheng)昆三條鐵路(lu)(lu)主要(yao)干線,由于洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)位高,多處(chu)發(fa)生(sheng)塌(ta)(ta)方,使(shi)運輸中斷10天到20天。成(cheng)(cheng)渝鐵路(lu)(lu)廣順至(zhi)榮昌區間(jian)有1.2公(gong)里洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)位超(chao)過軌頂0.26米,洪安鄉至(zhi)五(wu)鳳溪(xi)區間(jian),接連發(fa)生(sheng)塌(ta)(ta)方,簡陽至(zhi)廟子溝區間(jian)路(lu)(lu)基被(bei)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)淹沒(mei),臨江(jiang)寺(si)附近路(lu)(lu)基被(bei)沖毀(hui)。橫跨(kua)青(qing)白江(jiang)、沱江(jiang)、涪江(jiang)、嘉陵江(jiang)的鐵路(lu)(lu)橋梁(liang),都因(yin)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)位超(chao)過警戒(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位,線路(lu)(lu)被(bei)迫中斷。
公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)被破壞的情況更為嚴重,80條(tiao)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)干線和482條(tiao)縣以上的公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)全部(bu)沖(chong)斷,占全部(bu)省、縣公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)的32.3%。公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)和電信(xin)線路(lu)(lu)多因淹沒、塌(ta)方、沖(chong)刷而導致斷道阻車和電信(xin)中斷。
5.有15座小(xiao)型(xing)水庫垮壩失事,538座小(xiao)型(xing)水庫出現險情(qing),沖(chong)毀渠道2576公里,堤(di)防641公里,小(xiao)水電站130座,提灌站3401座。
四川省(sheng)各(ge)級黨(dang)委、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府對(dui)抗洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)作都十分(fen)重視,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)發生(sheng)(sheng)后,災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區各(ge)級政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府把抗洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)作為中(zhong)心任務。省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府成(cheng)立了(le)農(nong)村及(ji)(ji)城(cheng)市(shi)兩個(ge)防(fang)汛指揮部(bu),分(fen)別負責全省(sheng)的(de)防(fang)汛工(gong)(gong)作。各(ge)級政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府都派出(chu)了(le)工(gong)(gong)作組、慰問團,協助災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區工(gong)(gong)作。受災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)都得(de)到(dao)了(le)臨時安置,疫病傳(chuan)染得(de)到(dao)了(le)控制。災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區社(she)會秩序(xu)穩定,受災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)大(da)都在(zai)幾天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)內就恢復了(le)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)、供(gong)電(dian)、交通、通訊(xun),清除了(le)淤泥(ni)、垃圾,停產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業(ye)開始生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。商業(ye)也很快(kuai)恢復營(ying)業(ye),農(nong)民積極恢復生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan),重建家園。在(zai)抗洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),斗(dou)爭中(zhong),廣大(da)干部(bu)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)和解放軍指戰員與(yu)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)同生(sheng)(sheng)死共患難,與(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)英(ying)勇(yong)搏斗(dou),為減少(shao)人(ren)(ren)民生(sheng)(sheng)命財產(chan)(chan)(chan)損失做出(chu)廠巨大(da)貢獻。不少(shao)水(shui)(shui)文職工(gong)(gong):自己的(de)住房被(bei)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)淹沒(mei),不顧個(ge)人(ren)(ren)安危(wei)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)深及(ji)(ji)胸的(de)急(ji)流中(zhong)堅持觀(guan)測,涉水(shui)(shui)報送汛情,對(dui)江河洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)及(ji)(ji)時發布了(le)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)預報,增強了(le)預見(jian)性。由(you)于有(you)了(le)一、兩天(tian)(tian)的(de)預見(jian)期,不少(shao)地(di)(di)區于部(bu)在(zai)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)到(dao)來(lai)之(zhi)前,及(ji)(ji)早組織受洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)威脅地(di)(di)區的(de)撤退,搶救(jiu)了(le)大(da)批(pi)物(wu)資。有(you)的(de)干部(bu)、戰士為搶救(jiu)被(bei)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)圍(wei)困的(de)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)和國家財產(chan)(chan)(chan),獻出(chu)了(le)自己的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命。群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)自救(jiu)積極性很高,無災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區支援災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區,輕災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區支援重災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區,無災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)廠支援重災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)廠,形成(cheng)了(le)廣泛的(de)抗洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)活(huo)動。