簡要介紹
河北省(sheng)張家口(kou)市沽源(yuan)縣博物館是(shi)一(yi)(yi)座以(yi)蒙元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)化為主題的綜合(he)性博物館,集中展(zhan)示元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代察(cha)罕腦(nao)兒行宮(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代蒙古(gu)貴族墓葬梳(shu)妝樓元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)墓群等重點文(wen)物古(gu)跡(ji)模型(xing)。 沽源(yuan)歷史上(shang)曾(ceng)是(shi)北魏御夷鎮,也(ye)是(shi)遼、金、元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)三代帝(di)王的避(bi)暑勝(sheng)地(di),金代景明宮(gong)(gong)、元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代察(cha)汗腦(nao)兒行宮(gong)(gong)、明代長(chang)(chang)城(cheng)和(he)(he)古(gu)烽火臺及元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代宏城(cheng)遺址、九連(lian)城(cheng)遺址等一(yi)(yi)大批源(yuan)遠流(liu)長(chang)(chang)的歷史文(wen)化古(gu)跡(ji),至今尚(shang)存,更留下(xia)了全(quan)國唯一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)有墓上(shang)享(xiang)堂的梳(shu)妝樓元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)墓古(gu)跡(ji)。
為(wei)(wei)(wei)了更好地保(bao)護和(he)展示文物(wu)(wu)(wu)古(gu)跡,2012年(nian)(nian)(nian),沽(gu)源縣投資150萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)建設蒙元(yuan)(yuan)文化博物(wu)(wu)(wu)館(guan),該館(guan)占地2500多平(ping)方米,建筑面積525平(ping)米。博物(wu)(wu)(wu)館(guan)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上下(xia)兩大(da)部分(fen):一層為(wei)(wei)(wei)沽(gu)源歷(li)史(shi)(shi)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)展區,展示該縣從十萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)舊石器時(shi)代(dai)(dai)直至民國時(shi)期(qi)的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)進程,八思巴銘文風鈴、云需總管府(fu)官印、銅權(quan)等(deng)重要(yao)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)也在該層集中(zhong)展覽;二(er)層按比(bi)例(li)模(mo)(mo)擬修建了元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)(dai)察(cha)罕腦兒(er)行(xing)宮(gong)和(he)梳妝(zhuang)樓元(yuan)(yuan)墓群兩個模(mo)(mo)型。察(cha)罕腦兒(er)行(xing)宮(gong)建于1261年(nian)(nian)(nian),是保(bao)存較為(wei)(wei)(wei)完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)(dai)行(xing)宮(gong)遺(yi)址(zhi),在元(yuan)(yuan)朝近百年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)中(zhong),每年(nian)(nian)(nian)春秋時(shi)節,元(yuan)(yuan)朝皇帝都會率領官員在察(cha)罕腦兒(er)停駐,舉行(xing)狩獵(lie)活動、召見臣工(gong)、宴請(qing)宗(zong)王等(deng)。梳妝(zhuang)樓通高15米,墻(qiang)厚(hou)70厘(li)米,全樓建筑全部用磚(zhuan),未用一點木料(liao)(liao)。經(jing)考古(gu)勘察(cha),已確定墓主為(wei)(wei)(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)世祖忽必烈(lie)的(de)外孫闊里吉思,這(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)研究(jiu)(jiu)元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)(dai)葬俗、禮制、服(fu)飾以及(ji)建筑提(ti)供了極其重要(yao)的(de)資料(liao)(liao),對充(chong)實完(wan)善元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)(dai)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)研究(jiu)(jiu)具有極其重要(yao)的(de)意(yi)義。