一.產品介紹
1、地(di)域范(fan)圍 富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)(jin)市位(wei)于黑龍(long)江省東(dong)北(bei)部(bu),三江平原腹地(di)松花江下游南岸(an),東(dong)經131°49′48″-133°09′40″之間(jian),北(bei)緯46°42′40″-47°13′40″之間(jian),轄十鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)一(yi)區,266個行(xing)政村(cun)。在大(da)榆(yu)樹鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、向陽川鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、二龍(long)山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、硯(yan)山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、頭林鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、興隆鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、宏勝鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、長(chang)安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、上街(jie)基(ji)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、錦(jin)(jin)(jin)山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和城關社區共266個行(xing)政村(cun)劃定為農產(chan)品富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)豆(dou)地(di)理標志區域保護范(fan)圍。大(da)豆(dou)種植面(mian)積16.67萬公頃,年生產(chan)總(zong)量45萬噸,年產(chan)值15億元。
2、生(sheng)產特點:農產品(pin)“富錦(jin)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)”地理標志區域保護范圍的土壤以草甸土、黑(hei)土為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),開墾晚,肥力高(gao)(gao)(gao),土壤結構好,耕(geng)層較(jiao)深厚,保水保肥,易(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)耕(geng)作。我市由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)緯(wei)(wei)度(du)(du)值較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao),另外,大(da)豆(dou)(dou)脂(zhi)肪含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)又是隨(sui)著緯(wei)(wei)度(du)(du)的升高(gao)(gao)(gao)而增加(一般(ban)油脂(zhi)含(han)19—22%),百粒(li)重(zhong)也(ye)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(百粒(li)重(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)18—22克之間),由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)品(pin)質與緯(wei)(wei)度(du)(du)的相關(guan)性,我市所處(chu)的地理位置,也(ye)正是適合高(gao)(gao)(gao)油大(da)豆(dou)(dou)栽培的最佳區域。地下水資(zi)源豐富,凈(jing)貯量(liang)(liang)(liang)264萬(wan)立(li)方米(mi),可開采量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)168萬(wan)立(li)方米(mi),河流夏季蓄(xu)水充(chong)(chong)(chong)足(zu)、無“三廢”污(wu)染具備良好的灌溉(gai)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)種植用(yong)水條(tiao)件。灌溉(gai)水質量(liang)(liang)(liang)符合GB 5084-1992規定。日(ri)照時數2600小時左右,熱(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)足(zu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)沛,光照充(chong)(chong)(chong)足(zu),年降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)565毫米(mi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)半濕潤(run)冷氣侯(hou),常年積(ji)溫(wen)2600℃,其中:有效積(ji)溫(wen)2300-2500℃,生(sheng)育(yu)日(ri)數135天左右,無霜期(qi)130-140天,年平均風速為(wei)(wei)(wei)4.5米(mi)/秒,雨(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)同季,有利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)作物生(sheng)長發育(yu)。
3、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特色:外在感官特征:富錦大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)成熟粒(li)呈圓(yuan)型和橢圓(yuan)形,色澤光滑、微(wei)黃或(huo)黃色,臍(qi)為深色和淡(dan)色兩種,顆粒(li)飽滿。內在品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)指標:我市目前試驗基地為生產基地而儲(chu)備的高油大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)新(xin)(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(系(xi))脂(zhi)肪(fang)含量(liang)都大(da)(da)(da)于22%;高蛋白大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)新(xin)(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(系(xi))蛋白質(zhi)含量(liang)都大(da)(da)(da)于43%,大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)明顯得到改(gai)善。
4、人文歷史:富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)大(da)豆久負盛(sheng)名,種(zhong)植歷史比較悠(you)久。在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)末公元1890年(清(qing)光緒十六年),清(qing)政府(fu)開始在(zai)(zai)(zai)無人墾(ken)殖(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)北大(da)荒(huang)招民(min)(min)引(yin)佃,拓荒(huang)農(nong)耕(geng)。1912年,中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)國初期,闖關東的(de)(de)(de)人們積(ji)聚在(zai)(zai)(zai)北大(da)荒(huang)的(de)(de)(de)松花江下游南岸富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)區域跑馬占(zhan)荒(huang),開墾(ken)土地(di),種(zhong)植大(da)豆,使大(da)豆種(zhong)植面積(ji)逐漸增多。現在(zai)(zai)(zai)已(yi)成為黑龍江大(da)豆主要生(sheng)產基(ji)地(di)和富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)市糧(liang)食的(de)(de)(de)主導(dao)產業之(zhi)一,是農(nong)民(min)(min)經濟收入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)一項主要來源(yuan)。富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)市政府(fu)連續(xu)三(san)年在(zai)(zai)(zai)金秋收獲時期組(zu)織“金豆節”專題宣(xuan)傳和推介大(da)豆交易等活動,全力(li)打造“中(zhong)(zhong)國大(da)豆之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”、“富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)大(da)豆”品牌。
二.自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史因素
1.地(di)(di)質地(di)(di)貌:大(da)致西南(nan)略高(gao),平(ping)均海(hai)拔(ba)60米之間(jian),中部低(di)洼平(ping)坦,是(shi)沖擊平(ping)原(yuan)。完達(da)山余脈延(yan)伸到市境(jing),距市城西30公里(li)有(you)別拉音子山,海(hai)拔(ba)472.8米,向東(dong)延(yan)伸形成西安大(da)崗;市城東(dong)11公里(li)有(you)烏爾古力(li)山,海(hai)拔(ba)528.7米,向東(dong)延(yan)伸與二龍山一(yi)脈相(xiang)連(lian)。全(quan)市90%的耕地(di)(di)為平(ping)原(yuan)或低(di)平(ping)原(yuan),劃定農產品“富錦(jin)大(da)豆”地(di)(di)理(li)標志區域(yu)保護范(fan)圍的土壤(rang)以(yi)草甸土、黑土為主,開(kai)墾晚,肥(fei)力(li)高(gao),土壤(rang)結構好,耕層較深厚,保水(shui)保肥(fei),易于耕作。
2.水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:富錦市主要河(he)流有松花江、七星河(he)、撓力河(he)、富錦支河(he)、頭(tou)林排干、錦西排干在區域內環(huan)繞。流域面積較(jiao)大,水(shui)(shui)(shui)域寬(kuan)闊,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質良好。地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富,凈貯量264萬立方米,可開采量為168萬立方米,河(he)流夏季蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)充足、無“三廢(fei)”污染具備(bei)良好的灌溉大豆(dou)種植用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)條件。灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)質量符合GB5084-1992規(gui)定。
3.氣候情況(kuang):我市地處黑(hei)龍江東北部(bu),屬北方長日照區域,日照時數(shu)2600小時左右,熱量充(chong)(chong)足雨量充(chong)(chong)沛,光照充(chong)(chong)足,年(nian)降雨量565毫(hao)米,為半(ban)濕潤(run)冷氣侯,常(chang)年(nian)積溫2600℃,其中:有效積溫2300-2500℃,生(sheng)育日數(shu)135天(tian)左右,無霜期130-140天(tian),年(nian)平均風速為4.5米/秒,雨熱同季(ji),有利于(yu)作(zuo)物(wu)生(sheng)長發育。
4.人文(wen)歷史情況:富(fu)(fu)錦大(da)豆(dou)久負(fu)盛名,種植(zhi)(zhi)歷史比較悠久。在(zai)(zai)清末公元1890年(清光緒十六年),清政府(fu)開始在(zai)(zai)無(wu)人墾(ken)殖(zhi)的北(bei)大(da)荒(huang)招民(min)引佃(dian),拓(tuo)荒(huang)農耕。1912年,中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)國初期,闖關東的人們積(ji)聚(ju)在(zai)(zai)北(bei)大(da)荒(huang)的松花江下游南(nan)岸富(fu)(fu)錦區域跑馬占荒(huang),開墾(ken)土地,種植(zhi)(zhi)大(da)豆(dou),使大(da)豆(dou)種植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)逐漸增多(duo)。現在(zai)(zai)已(yi)成為黑龍江大(da)豆(dou)主要生產基地和富(fu)(fu)錦市糧食的主導產業之一,是農民(min)經(jing)濟收入的一項(xiang)主要來源。富(fu)(fu)錦市政府(fu)連續三年在(zai)(zai)金秋收獲時期組(zu)織“金豆(dou)節(jie)”專題宣傳和推介大(da)豆(dou)交易(yi)等(deng)活動,全力打造“中(zhong)國大(da)豆(dou)之鄉”、“富(fu)(fu)之錦”品牌。
三.地域范圍
富錦(jin)市(shi)位(wei)于黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)東北(bei)部,三江(jiang)(jiang)平原腹地松花(hua)江(jiang)(jiang)下游南岸,東經131°49′48″-133°09′40″之間(jian),北(bei)緯46°42′40″-47°13′40″之間(jian),境內西與(yu)(yu)(yu)集賢縣(xian)交界(jie),南以(yi)撓力河為(wei)界(jie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)寶清縣(xian)、友誼縣(xian)相接,東北(bei)部與(yu)(yu)(yu)同江(jiang)(jiang)市(shi)接壤,東與(yu)(yu)(yu)饒河縣(xian)為(wei)鄰,土(tu)地集中連片,轄十鎮(zhen)(zhen)一(yi)區 ,266個行(xing)政村。在大榆樹鎮(zhen)(zhen)、向陽川鎮(zhen)(zhen)、二(er)龍山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、硯山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、頭(tou)林鎮(zhen)(zhen)、興隆鎮(zhen)(zhen)、宏勝鎮(zhen)(zhen)、長安鎮(zhen)(zhen)、上街基鎮(zhen)(zhen)、錦(jin)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)和城關社區劃定為(wei)農(nong)產品(pin)富錦(jin)大豆地理(li)標志區域(yu)保護范圍(wei)共(gong)320000公(gong)頃。
四(si).產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征
我市由于緯度(du)值較(jiao)高(gao),另(ling)外,大豆(dou)脂肪含量又是隨(sui)著緯度(du)的(de)升高(gao)而增(zeng)加(一(yi)般油脂含量在(zai)19-22%),百(bai)粒(li)重(zhong)也提(ti)高(gao)(百(bai)粒(li)重(zhong)為18-22克之間),由于大豆(dou)品質與(yu)緯度(du)的(de)相(xiang)關性,我市所處的(de)地理(li)位置,也正是適合高(gao)油大豆(dou)栽(zai)培的(de)最佳區(qu)域。
1.外在感官特征:富錦(jin)大豆成熟粒(li)呈圓型(xing)和橢圓形,色澤光滑(hua)、微(wei)黃或黃色,粒(li)大,粒(li)圓,飽(bao)滿;皮薄,臍色淡(dan)黃白。
2.內(nei)在品質指標:我市目(mu)前試驗(yan)基(ji)地(di)為生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)而(er)儲備(bei)的高(gao)油大(da)豆新(xin)品種(系)脂肪含量大(da)于23%,高(gao)于普通(tong)大(da)豆2-3%。 3.質量安全:大(da)豆生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量達到(dao)NY5332-2006產(chan)地(di)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)條件(jian)標準(zhun),產(chan)品質量達到(dao)NY5310-2005食品標準(zhun),投(tou)入品嚴格執(zhi)行(xing)NY/T393綠色食品農藥(yao)使用準(zhun)則NY/T394綠色食品肥料使用準(zhun)則。建立環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)制度(du)。嚴格控(kong)制在基(ji)地(di)方圓5公里和上風向20公里范圍內(nei)新(xin)建有污染源的工礦企業,防(fang)止工業“三廢”污染基(ji)地(di);設(she)立環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)標志牌;標志范圍內(nei)的畜禽養殖場糞(fen)水要經(jing)過無害(hai)化(hua)處(chu)理(li),施用的農家(jia)肥必須經(jing)高(gao)溫發酵(jiao)腐熟,確保(bao)無害(hai)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)。
五.特定生產方式
1.產(chan)地(di)環境質量要求(qiu):產(chan)地(di)環境符(fu)合無公害農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)產(chan)地(di)環境條(tiao)件(jian)質量標準(zhun)(NY5332-2006)產(chan)地(di)平坦(tan),土(tu)質較(jiao)肥沃,提倡節水灌溉,收獲(huo)后及時(shi)清潔(jie)農(nong)田,銷毀殘肢敗葉(xie)。土(tu)壤質量應符(fu)合GB15618-1995規定(ding)。
2.產(chan)地條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian):1.1氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian):富(fu)錦(jin)年平(ping)均(jun)溫(wen)度3.6℃左(zuo)右(you)(you),年降水(shui)量565mm,無(wu)霜期140天左(zuo)右(you)(you),農(nong)作物(wu)(wu)農(nong)作物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)長期130天左(zuo)右(you)(you),光照(zhao)充足,日照(zhao)和(he)熱量條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)適(shi)應(ying)于作物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)長,有利于大(da)豆脂(zhi)肪的積累,是(shi)理想的優質大(da)豆生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地。大(da)氣質量應(ying)符合GB3095-82規定。2.1.土(tu)(tu)壤條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian):全市(shi)耕地土(tu)(tu)壤以草甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)、黑土(tu)(tu)為(wei)主,其次為(wei)白漿土(tu)(tu)。開墾晚(wan),肥(fei)力高,土(tu)(tu)壤結構(gou)好(hao),耕層(ceng)較深厚(hou),保水(shui)保肥(fei)。土(tu)(tu)壤有機質含量平(ping)均(jun)達到5.2%,最高達8.4%,是(shi)全國(guo)平(ping)均(jun)值(zhi)的6倍(bei)。pH值(zhi)為(wei)6.5-7.5。 2.2.環(huan)境條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian):在(zai)無(wu)污染(ran)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)良(liang)好(hao)的地區,避開工業和(he)城市(shi)污染(ran)源的影(ying)響,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地具有可持續生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能力。
3.栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)技(ji)術(shu): 整地(di):播(bo)(bo)前(qian)深(shen)松細耙,使土(tu)壤(rang)疏松,土(tu)面(mian)(mian)平(ping)(ping)整。前(qian)茬以玉米(mi)、馬鈴薯、小麥為(wei)主(zhu). 施(shi)(shi)肥(fei):施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)應(ying)(ying)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符合(he)(he)NY/T394要求(qiu)的(de)(de)肥(fei)料。農(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong):一般肥(fei)力地(di)塊每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)優質(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)肥(fei)15噸以上(shang)(shang)(shang)。肥(fei)力低(di)的(de)(de)崗坡(po)地(di)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)20噸以上(shang)(shang)(shang)。還可(ke)(ke)以在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)收割(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)聯全收割(ge)(ge)機(ji)(ji)配帶(dai)秸稈粉(fen)碎(sui)機(ji)(ji),將秸稈粉(fen)碎(sui)后均(jun)(jun)勻拋撒于地(di)面(mian)(mian),增加土(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)力。化肥(fei)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong):如每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)磷酸(suan)二銨(an)75kg,深(shen)施(shi)(shi)于種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下4cm-5cm處,切忌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)同位,以免(mian)燒(shao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選擇:品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)先用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)脂肪含量(liang)(liang)22%以上(shang)(shang)(shang)或蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)42%以上(shang)(shang)(shang),適宜富錦市種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)樹的(de)(de)熟(shu)期(qi)適宜、抗(kang)病(bing)、抗(kang)逆性很(hen)強的(de)(de)合(he)(he)豐(feng)41、墾農(nong)(nong)(nong)19、懇農(nong)(nong)(nong)18、合(he)(he)豐(feng)47、綏農(nong)(nong)(nong)20、黑農(nong)(nong)(nong)35等(deng)高(gao)油或高(gao)蛋(dan)白(bai)優質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)必須(xu)進行(xing)(xing)精(jing)選種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang):凈(jing)度達到98%,純(chun)度達到98%,發芽率(lv)達到85%,質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)達到種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)級(ji)標準二級(ji)以上(shang)(shang)(shang),水(shui)分(fen)13.5%以下。 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)包衣(yi):選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑(ji)進行(xing)(xing)包衣(yi),如2.5%的(de)(de)適樂時(shi)(shi)(shi)懸(xuan)浮種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑(ji)按每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)1-2ml進行(xing)(xing)包衣(yi),可(ke)(ke)減輕病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)又(you)能(neng)增加產(chan)量(liang)(liang)。 曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)(ke)提高(gao)發芽率(lv),改善種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皮透氣、透水(shui)性,促進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)后熟(shu).曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)(ke)選擇晴朗天(tian)氣,曬(shai)7-10天(tian)。 拌(ban)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝(mu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10-15克(ke)鉬(mu)酸(suan)銨(an),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱水(shui)溶(rong)解,再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)稀(xi)釋(shi)濃(nong)度為(wei)1:10或每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.5克(ke)鉬(mu)酸(suan)銨(an),溶(rong)解于20亳(bo)升水(shui)中(zhong),然后與大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)混拌(ban)均(jun)(jun)勻,陰干(gan)后播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),可(ke)(ke)促進秧苗生(sheng)長又(you)能(neng)提高(gao)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)。 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian):地(di)溫通過7-8℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)開始播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong).最(zui)(zui)佳播(bo)(bo)期(qi)為(wei)5月5日至15日。 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方式: 3.1.大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)“壟(long)三”栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)法:播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)械在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)壟(long)上(shang)(shang)(shang)進行(xing)(xing)雙條(tiao)精(jing)量(liang)(liang)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),雙行(xing)(xing)間(jian)小行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)10-12厘米(mi),株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)8-10cm,采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo)機(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)壟(long)上(shang)(shang)(shang)進行(xing)(xing)等(deng)距(ju)(ju)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)18-20cm,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3-4株(zhu)。 3.2.窄(zhai)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)植(zhi)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)法:采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)97.5-10.5壟(long):壟(long)上(shang)(shang)(shang)四行(xing)(xing)條(tiao)播(bo)(bo),中(zhong)間(jian)寬行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)15-18cm,兩邊窄(zhai)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)12cm,株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)10cm;壟(long)上(shang)(shang)(shang)雙行(xing)(xing)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo),行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)30-40cm,穴(xue)(xue)距(ju)(ju)16-18cm。130cm壟(long)上(shang)(shang)(shang)三行(xing)(xing)空播(bo)(bo):行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)15-16cm,株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)10-12cm.采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)45cm壟(long)上(shang)(shang)(shang)雙行(xing)(xing)精(jing)量(liang)(liang)點播(bo)(bo)或平(ping)(ping)播(bo)(bo)后起壟(long),稈距(ju)(ju)10-12cm,株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)10cm。 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang):每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)65kg-75kg 。 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)深(shen)度:一般播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)深(shen)度為(wei)4-6cm,崗地(di)播(bo)(bo)深(shen)4-5cm,洼地(di)播(bo)(bo)深(shen)2-3cm,覆土(tu)2-3cm。 葉面(mian)(mian)追肥(fei):在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)花期(qi)和鼓粒期(qi),采取(qu)葉面(mian)(mian)噴施(shi)(shi)生(sheng)物液肥(fei),間(jian)隔7-10天(tian)再噴施(shi)(shi)一次。 中(zhong)耕除(chu)草(cao):大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)拱土(tu)時(shi)(shi)(shi),壟(long)溝深(shen)松或鏟(chan)前(qian)趟(tang)(tang)一犁,大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)真葉至第一葉期(qi),采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)旋轉鋤兩次機(ji)(ji)械滅草(cao),兩旋三趟(tang)(tang),最(zui)(zui)后一遍地(di)要高(gao)培(pei)(pei)土(tu)。 灌(guan)(guan)溉澆水(shui):在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)開花灌(guan)(guan)漿前(qian)如遇干(gan)旱均(jun)(jun)可(ke)(ke)灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)。 病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi):3.3蟲(chong)害(hai): 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)食心(xin)蟲(chong):在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)封壟(long)時(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)80%敵敵畏乳油每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)項1.5-2.0公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)制成毒(du)棍,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)4條(tiao)壟(long)插一行(xing)(xing)毒(du)棍,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)5米(mi)插一根。 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong):6月中(zhong)旬用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50%抗(kang)蚜(ya)威(wei)粉(fen)150g/hm對(dui)水(shui)450kg-750kg噴霧,防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)。 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)孢囊線蟲(chong):主(zhu)要以選擇抗(kang)線品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),合(he)(he)理輪(lun)作的(de)(de)方式來防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。3.4病(bing)害(hai): 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)灰(hui)班病(bing):在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)花莢(jia)期(qi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)40%多菌靈膠懸(xuan)劑(ji)1.5kg對(dui)水(shui)450kg噴霧。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)應(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)GB/4285、GB/T8321的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。 收獲(huo):莖葉及豆(dou)(dou)(dou)莢(jia)變黃,豆(dou)(dou)(dou)粒歸圓及落葉達80%以上(shang)(shang)(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)收獲(huo)。割(ge)(ge)茬高(gao)度以不留底莢(jia)為(wei)準,不丟枝(zhi)、不炸莢(jia),割(ge)(ge)后曬(shai)5d-7d,拉(la)凈(jing)揀凈(jing),做(zuo)到單(dan)收割(ge)(ge)、單(dan)拉(la)運、單(dan)脫粒、單(dan)貯藏。 生(sheng)產(chan)記錄(lu)要求(qiu):產(chan)地(di)范圍(wei)、產(chan)地(di)分(fen)布(bu)圖、農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶名單(dan)、地(di)塊編(bian)號、投入品清單(dan)、生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術(shu)、產(chan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)積、產(chan)地(di)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)、土(tu)壤(rang)耕作及施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)情況(kuang)、病(bing)蟲(chong)草(cao)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)情況(kuang)、收獲(huo)記錄(lu)、倉儲記錄(lu)、交售記錄(lu)等(deng)。
六.包裝標識相關規(gui)定
1.包裝(zhuang)(zhuang):在包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方式(shi)上采用袋(dai)式(shi)一(yi)種包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)。
2.標(biao)(biao)識(shi):標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使用人應(ying)在其產品(pin)或包裝上(shang)統一使用農產品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(富錦大(da)豆名(ming)稱和公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)圖案組合標(biao)(biao)注形式)。