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介紹

赤(chi)(chi)峰(feng)(feng)境內被(bei)國(guo)家考古界命名的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)人類文(wen)化(hua)類型(xing)有興隆(long)洼文(wen)化(hua)、趙寶溝文(wen)化(hua)、紅山文(wen)化(hua)、富河文(wen)化(hua)、小河沿文(wen)化(hua)、夏家店下層(ceng)文(wen)化(hua)。從考古發掘出來的(de)石器(qi)、骨(gu)器(qi)、陶器(qi)、青銅器(qi)等生(sheng)產生(sheng)活器(qi)物證(zheng)明(ming)，早在8千余年(nian)(nian)前境內的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)先民已經過著原(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)耕、漁獵和畜牧(mu)的(de)定(ding)居生(sheng)活。上世紀(ji)50年(nian)(nian)代，赤(chi)(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)從東北引進了粳(jing)米綠豆(dou)，到90年(nian)(nian)代，赤(chi)(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)農(nong)牧(mu)科學研(yan)究院從農(nong)家品種(zhong)(zhong)資源中(zhong)選育出赤(chi)(chi)綠一號(hao)、大(da)鸚哥綠豆(dou)品種(zhong)(zhong)并在生(sheng)產上大(da)面(mian)積(ji)應(ying)用。赤(chi)(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)從上個世紀(ji)70年(nian)(nian)代開始(shi)(shi)(shi)規模化(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)植歷史，1980年(nian)(nian)綠豆(dou)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)4.8萬(wan)畝，總(zong)產量(liang)97.9萬(wan)斤；2014年(nian)(nian)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)綠豆(dou)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)43717公頃總(zong)產量(liang)32200噸；從歷年(nian)(nian)的(de)統計表中(zhong)我們可(ke)以看出，播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)、單產、總(zong)產量(liang)都是(shi)在呈(cheng)逐年(nian)(nian)增加(jia)的(de)趨勢。

自然(ran)生態(tai)環境和人(ren)文歷(li)史因素(su)

1、土壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)情況：赤峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)積(ji)極(ji)發展雜糧(liang)種植產業，在(zai)(zai)現(xian)有耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)1600萬畝的(de)(de)基礎上，雜糧(liang)播種面(mian)(mian)積(ji)常年穩定在(zai)(zai)800萬畝左右(you)，居全(quan)國之首。赤峰(feng)(feng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處大(da)興(xing)(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)南段(duan)和(he)燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北(bei)(bei)麓山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，分布在(zai)(zai)西拉木倫河(he)南北(bei)(bei)與老(lao)哈河(he)流(liu)域廣大(da)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)，呈三(san)(san)面(mian)(mian)環(huan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，西高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)東(dong)低(di)(di)，多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)多(duo)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)特征(zheng)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)約占(zhan)赤峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)42%；丘(qiu)(qiu)陵約占(zhan)24%；高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)約占(zhan)9%；平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)約占(zhan)25%。大(da)體分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)個地(di)(di)(di)(di)形區(qu)：北(bei)(bei)部(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵區(qu)；南部(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵區(qu)；西部(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)；東(dong)部(bu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)，海拔高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)300-2000米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。東(dong)部(bu)在(zai)(zai)西拉木倫河(he)與老(lao)哈河(he)匯(hui)流(liu)處大(da)興(xing)(xing)三(san)(san)角地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)，海拔高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)不足(zu)300米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)赤峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢最低(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶；西部(bu)克旗、郊區(qu)和(he)河(he)北(bei)(bei)省圍(wei)場縣交界(jie)處的(de)(de)大(da)光(guang)頂子山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，海拔高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)2067米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)赤峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)第一高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)峰(feng)(feng)。主要山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈有大(da)興(xing)(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)南段(duan)，努(nu)魯兒虎和(he)七老(lao)圖三(san)(san)條(tiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈。赤峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)的(de)(de)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)資源特點是，地(di)(di)(di)(di)處內蒙古高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)向松遼平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)過渡地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，北(bei)(bei)部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)興(xing)(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)南段(duan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系的(de)(de)七老(lao)圖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)屏于西部(bu)，努(nu)魯爾虎山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)呈于東(dong)南側(ce)，構成(cheng)了三(san)(san)面(mian)(mian)環(huan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)半環(huan)形，地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢西高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)東(dong)低(di)(di)，海拔一般在(zai)(zai)500—1500米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)之間，海拔最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2067米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)形態(tai)可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)、熔(rong)巖臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵、沙丘(qiu)(qiu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)。其中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)占(zhan)17.74%；高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)5.72%；熔(rong)巖臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)3.21%；低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵占(zhan)19.44%；黃土丘(qiu)(qiu)陵占(zhan)22.9%；河(he)谷平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)8.17%；沙地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)23.3%。

2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況(kuang)：全市水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)總(zong)量為(wei)42.7億(yi)(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，有(you)烏力吉木淪河(he)、西(xi)拉沐(mu)淪河(he)、老(lao)哈河(he)、敖來(lai)河(he)、灤河(he)、大(da)凌河(he)六條(tiao)(tiao)外流水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)和內(nei)陸(lu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)共308條(tiao)(tiao)大(da)小(xiao)河(he)流，72處(chu)天然湖(hu)泊(bo)(bo)。最大(da)的湖(hu)泊(bo)(bo)為(wei)達(da)里諾(nuo)爾湖(hu)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)面面積為(wei)35.7萬畝。地表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流量32.6億(yi)(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可(ke)開采10億(yi)(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。人均占有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量670立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。耕地畝均占有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量323.7立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。西(xi)遼河(he)的兩條(tiao)(tiao)主要支流西(xi)拉沐(mu)淪河(he)、老(lao)哈河(he)都在赤峰境內(nei)，大(da)小(xiao)干支流達(da)40余條(tiao)(tiao)，有(you)達(da)里諾(nuo)爾等湖(hu)泊(bo)(bo)58處(chu)，地表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)量為(wei)32.7億(yi)(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可(ke)采集量為(wei)10億(yi)(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。

3、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況：赤峰市(shi)屬(shu)中溫(wen)帶半干(gan)(gan)旱(han)(han)大(da)(da)陸性季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候區(qu)。冬季(ji)漫(man)長(chang)而寒冷，春季(ji)干(gan)(gan)旱(han)(han)多大(da)(da)風(feng)，夏季(ji)短促(cu)炎熱(re)、雨(yu)水集中，秋(qiu)季(ji)短促(cu)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)下降快(kuai)、霜凍降臨早。大(da)(da)部地區(qu)年平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為0—7℃，最(zui)冷月(yue)（1月(yue)）平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為-10℃左(zuo)右，極(ji)端最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)-27℃；最(zui)熱(re)月(yue)（7月(yue)）平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在20—24℃之(zhi)間。年降水量的地理分布受地形影響十(shi)分明顯，不同地區(qu)差別很大(da)(da)，有(you)300—500毫米不等。大(da)(da)部地區(qu)年日照時數(shu)為2700—3100小時。每(mei)當5—9月(yue)天空無云時，日照時數(shu)可長(chang)達12—14小時。

地域范圍

赤(chi)峰(feng)市(shi)地(di)處內蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)區(qu)東南部，東北(bei)(bei)地(di)區(qu)西(xi)(xi)端(duan)，西(xi)(xi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)河上游，大興安(an)嶺西(xi)(xi)南段山脈與燕山北(bei)(bei)麓(lu)山地(di)、內蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)高原(yuan)、西(xi)(xi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)河平原(yuan)的復合截接(jie)部位。地(di)理坐(zuo)標：北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)41°17'10"-45°24'15"，東經(jing)116°21'07"-120°58'52"。總面(mian)積為(wei)(wei)90021平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，東西(xi)(xi)最(zui)寬375公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，南北(bei)(bei)最(zui)長(chang)457.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。東南與遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧省朝(chao)陽市(shi)接(jie)壤(rang)，西(xi)(xi)南與河北(bei)(bei)省承德地(di)區(qu)交界，西(xi)(xi)部和北(bei)(bei)部與內蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)區(qu)錫林(lin)郭(guo)勒盟接(jie)連，東與通遼(liao)(liao)(liao)市(shi)毗鄰。赤(chi)峰(feng)綠豆農產(chan)品地(di)理標志(zhi)保護(hu)范圍為(wei)(wei)赤(chi)峰(feng)市(shi)12旗(qi)縣區(qu)132個(ge)蘇(su)木（鄉鎮），2014年(nian)赤(chi)峰(feng)綠豆播種(zhong)面(mian)積43717公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，總產(chan)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)32200噸，單產(chan)為(wei)(wei)737公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。

品質特性特征

1、外在感官特征：粒大顆(ke)均(jun)、深綠有光，性(xing)喜溫暖，耐旱，適應性(xing)強，生長期短，具有豆味濃香、好煮(zhu)易(yi)爛(lan)的特點(dian)。

2、內在(zai)品質(zhi)指標：檢測結果顯(xian)示赤峰綠豆蛋(dan)白質(zhi)含(han)(han)量為24.0～24.5g/100g；脂(zhi)肪含(han)(han)量為1.02～1.14g/100g；維(wei)生(sheng)素E含(han)(han)量為2.56～3.54mg/100g；維(wei)生(sheng)素B1含(han)(han)量為0.11～0.23mg/100g；鈣含(han)(han)量為107～113mg/100g；磷含(han)(han)量為343～364mg/100g；鉀含(han)(han)量為1.12×103；特別是(shi)綠豆蛋(dan)白中的賴氨酸(suan)類，不能在(zai)人(ren)體中合成，靠(kao)食用(yong)豆類吸收，所以綠豆具(ju)有重要的保健和藥用(yong)價值。其清熱、解毒、性甘(gan)涼(liang)。