湟中燕麥(mai)是(shi)青海西(xi)寧(ning)湟中縣(xian)的特產(chan)。
據民(min)間傳說(shuo),唐太(tai)宗李(li)(li)世民(min)為傳播中華(hua)文(wen)明(ming)致(zhi)遠吐蕃,將(jiang)江夏郡王李(li)(li)道宗之女從任城召至(zhi)長安,被封為文(wen)成(cheng)公(gong)主(zhu),遠嫁(jia)吐蕃途經湟中時,曾(ceng)吃湟中燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)炒(chao)面(mian)(mian)。燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)是(shi)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)草飼(si)料作物(wu),也是(shi)古老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)作物(wu)。從栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)地域上看(kan),栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)距(ju)今(jin)至(zhi)少已(yi)有2000多(duo)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)歷史。湟中燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai),種(zhong)(zhong)植歷史悠久。湟中縣(xian)(xian)獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然生(sheng)態(tai)條件形成(cheng)了適(shi)宜種(zhong)(zhong)植燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域,種(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)(de)燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)籽粒飽(bao)滿,發芽率(lv)高,成(cheng)熟度(du)高、種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)優良(liang),當地群眾利用(yong)因地制宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi),充分利用(yong)撂荒地和(he)貧瘠地擴大(da)燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)。2015年(nian)(nian)我縣(xian)(xian)燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)規模種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)達23.49萬(wan)畝,生(sheng)產燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)3000萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin),覆(fu)蓋15個鄉鎮,燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)率(lv)達到了100%,每年(nian)(nian)向(xiang)省(sheng)內外提供良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)1000萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)以上,占全(quan)省(sheng)燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)60%。目前在我縣(xian)(xian)主(zhu)要推廣(guang)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)有加燕(yan)2號(hao)(hao)、林納、白燕(yan)7號(hao)(hao)、青(qing)引1號(hao)(hao)、青(qing)海444等。自2003年(nian)(nian)來(lai)通過草原(yuan)生(sheng)態(tai)保護獎(jiang)勵(li)機制、農(nong)區(qu)飼(si)草基地建設及復(fu)種(zhong)(zhong)飼(si)草項(xiang)目、國(guo)家燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)體系建設、科(ke)技富民(min)強縣(xian)(xian)飼(si)草種(zhong)(zhong)植等項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)施,2006年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得(de)了湟中縣(xian)(xian)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)燕(yan)麥(mai)(mai)(mai)繁育基地建設項(xiang)目省(sheng)級成(cheng)果獎(jiang)。2013年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得(de)了全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)牧漁業豐收獎(jiang)。2015年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得(de)市科(ke)技進步一等獎(jiang)。
地域范圍
湟(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燕(yan)(yan)麥(mai)的地域(yu)保護范圍為青海省(sheng)湟(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)縣轄(xia)行政區(qu)域(yu)內,湟(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)縣位(wei)于青海省(sheng)東(dong)(dong)部,湟(huang)(huang)(huang)水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)游。地理坐標為北(bei)緯36°13′32〞—37°03′19〞,東(dong)(dong)經101°09′32〞—101°54′50〞;東(dong)(dong)與西寧市、平安縣毗(pi)連(lian),南與化(hua)隆(long)、貴德兩縣交(jiao)界,西與海晏(yan)、湟(huang)(huang)(huang)源兩縣接壤(rang),北(bei)與大(da)通縣相鄰。全縣東(dong)(dong)西長約68公里(li)(li),南北(bei)寬約91公里(li)(li),幅員面積為2700平方公里(li)(li)。湟(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燕(yan)(yan)麥(mai)主(zhu)要集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在田家(jia)寨鎮、土門(men)關鄉、上(shang)新莊(zhuang)鎮、魯沙爾鎮、共和鎮、大(da)才鄉、漢(han)東(dong)(dong)鄉等(deng)地區(qu),是(shi)我省(sheng)主(zhu)要燕(yan)(yan)麥(mai)生產區(qu)之一。