一、品質特點
“梧桐山藥”產于山西省孝義市(shi)梧桐鎮一(yi)帶,是當地知名產品,栽(zai)培歷史悠久。據(ju)史料記(ji)載,公(gong)元15世紀起(明清起)即(ji)有(you)大面積種植(zhi);在清代,因其(qi)產品具有(you)肉質(zhi)極白(bai),質(zhi)脆(cui),易熟,黏質(zhi)多,黏絲(si)不易拉斷,入口甜綿(mian),營養豐富等特點,曾(ceng)長(chang)期被作為朝廷(ting)貢品,素有(you)“地下(xia)人(ren)參”的美稱。 據(ju)國(guo)家農產品檢(jian)(jian)測中心檢(jian)(jian)測,該產品維生素C含(han)量173mg/kg,蛋白(bai)質(zhi)33.5g/kg,氨(an)基酸17.4g/kg,磷48g/kg,鉀(jia)5850mg/kg,鎂(mei)256mg/kg,鈣169mg/kg,硒(xi)0.028mg/kg,均高(gao)于普通產品均值。
二、產地環境
梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)鎮(zhen)黃土臺塬區和平(ping)川區,地(di)勢平(ping)坦,土地(di)肥沃,水(shui)(shui)利(li)條件較好。梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)鎮(zhen)屬(shu)溫帶大(da)(da)陸(lu)性(xing)半干旱(han)氣候,四季(ji)(ji)分明。春(chun)季(ji)(ji)風大(da)(da)少雨(yu)(yu),夏季(ji)(ji)炎熱多(duo)雨(yu)(yu),秋季(ji)(ji)涼爽濕潤,冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷(leng)少雪(xue)。年平(ping)均氣溫9-10℃,多(duo)年平(ping)均無(wu)霜期為175天。年平(ping)均降水(shui)(shui)量450-500毫米,年內降雨(yu)(yu)多(duo)集(ji)中在7、8、9三個月份,月降雨(yu)(yu)量最大(da)(da)達(da)91.5mm。主導風向為北(bei)(bei)及西(xi)北(bei)(bei)風,8級以上的大(da)(da)風多(duo)出現在4月份。梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)系屬(shu)于(yu)汾河(he)流域,主要有(you)孝河(he)、曹溪河(he)、白溝(gou)河(he)、王馬河(he),均為季(ji)(ji)節性(xing)河(he)流,梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)鎮(zhen)屬(shu)富(fu)水(shui)(shui)區,地(di)下水(shui)(shui)資源比較豐(feng)富(fu),地(di)下水(shui)(shui)標高735-770米。
三、自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
梧(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥產(chan)區(qu)(qu)氣(qi)候屬(shu)溫帶大陸性半干旱(han)氣(qi)候,四季分明(ming)。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫9--10℃,多年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均無霜期(qi)為(wei)175天。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量450—500毫米,年(nian)內降雨多集(ji)中在7、8、9三個月份,月降雨量最大達91.5mm。梧(wu)桐(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)屬(shu)于汾河(he)流(liu)域,梧(wu)桐(tong)鎮屬(shu)富(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)區(qu)(qu),地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源比較豐富(fu),產(chan)區(qu)(qu)區(qu)(qu)屬(shu)平(ping)(ping)川區(qu)(qu),地勢平(ping)(ping)坦,土地肥沃,水(shui)(shui)(shui)利條件較好。區(qu)(qu)內由西向(xiang)東(dong)基本上呈(cheng)(cheng)北東(dong)、東(dong)南的單斜構造,地層出露主要(yao)為(wei)古生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)和新生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)地層,自上而下,從(cong)老(lao)到(dao)新包(bao)括奧(ao)陶系(xi)海相沉積地層石碳系(xi),二選系(xi)碎屑巖(yan)類(lei)地層以及新生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)不同(tong)成因類(lei)型(xing)的松散(san)沉積層堆積地層。區(qu)(qu)內由西向(xiang)東(dong)基本上呈(cheng)(cheng)北東(dong)、東(dong)南的單斜構造,產(chan)區(qu)(qu)屬(shu)平(ping)(ping)川區(qu)(qu),地勢平(ping)(ping)坦,土地肥沃。
四、地域范圍
梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥(yao)產于山(shan)西省孝義市梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)鎮。梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥(yao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理標(biao)志的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍(wei)是(shi)(shi):東(dong)(dong)(dong)經112°28′16"至(zhi)112°25′54",北(bei)緯37°38′57"至(zhi)37°45′11"。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)具體地(di)(di)(di)(di)域是(shi)(shi):中梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)、南(nan)梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)、北(bei)梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)、仁順、西王(wang)屯(tun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)王(wang)屯(tun),共7個行政村。梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥(yao)產地(di)(di)(di)(di)位于東(dong)(dong)(dong)部為平(ping)川(chuan)區,屬山(shan)西臺(tai)背斜及(ji)新生(sheng)代內(nei)陸(lu)斷陷盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(即太原盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)西南(nan)緣,呂梁臺(tai)背斜的(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)翼(yi))。區內(nei)由西向東(dong)(dong)(dong)基本上呈北(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)的(de)單斜構(gou)造,地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)出露(lu)主(zhu)要為古(gu)生(sheng)界和新生(sheng)界地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)坦(tan),土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥(fei)沃(wo),水利條件較好。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)規模是(shi)(shi)80公(gong)頃。
五、產品(pin)品(pin)質特性(xing)特征(zheng)
1、產品品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特色外在(zai)(zai)感觀特征:梧桐山(shan)藥栽培(pei)歷史悠久(jiu),其產品具有(you)肉質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)極白(bai),質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脆,易熟,粘(zhan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多,粘(zhan)絲不易拉斷,入(ru)口甜綿,品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優良等特性。內在(zai)(zai)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)測(ce)定(ding):經譜尼(ni)公司檢(jian)測(ce),梧桐山(shan)藥所(suo)含(han)有(you)的維(wei)生素(su)C、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、氨基酸、磷元(yuan)素(su)、鉀元(yuan)素(su)、鎂元(yuan)素(su)、鈣元(yuan)素(su)、硒元(yuan)素(su)指標均超過普(pu)通(tong)產品。
2、質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全規定產(chan)地選擇:產(chan)地環境質(zhi)量(liang)符合(he)《無公害山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)產(chan)地環境條件》(NYNY5010—2001)的(de)要求。生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程管理:梧(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程必(bi)須(xu)嚴格(ge)按照《孝義市優質(zhi)無公害山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)生(sheng)產(chan)技術(shu)規程》執(zhi)行。產(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang):梧(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)的(de)產(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)要求應符合(he)《中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)農業行業標準NYT 1065-2006 山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)等級規格(ge)》的(de)規定。