一.產品介紹
咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)磚茶(cha)以(yi)“生(sheng)(sheng)川”磚茶(cha)為(wei)代表,始于明(ming),盛于清,承于今(jin),至今(jin)已有(you)(you)400余年歷史。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)磚茶(cha)其以(yi)天(tian)然優(you)質(zhi)老青茶(cha)為(wei)原料,經(jing)傳統工藝原汁發酵、手工精(jing)選(xuan)、高(gao)溫(wen)蒸(zheng)制(zhi)、檀木(mu)(mu)液壓成型(xing)(xing)、木(mu)(mu)炭烘干(gan)而(er)成。具(ju)有(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)津解渴,明(ming)目(mu)清心,提神益(yi)思、補充膳食營養、助消化、解油膩(ni)、順(shun)腸胃(wei)、利尿解毒(du)、殺菌消炎之功效(xiao)。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)磚茶(cha)原料產(chan)地主要分(fen)布(bu)于咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內桂花(hua)鎮(zhen)、馬橋鎮(zhen)、大幕鄉等七個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)63個(ge)(ge)村,總生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域面積(ji)(ji)約20000畝,產(chan)量(liang)2000多噸。通過“三品”認(ren)證茶(cha)園面積(ji)(ji)達到80%以(yi)上(shang),原料質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)(an)(an)全有(you)(you)保證。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)將茶(cha)產(chan)業發展作為(wei)實現“轉型(xing)(xing)升級(ji)、綠色崛起”的(de)突破口來抓,咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)區(qu)(qu)(qu)委區(qu)(qu)(qu)政府傾力打造“咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)磚茶(cha)”公共(gong)品牌,爭取到2020年,全區(qu)(qu)(qu)茶(cha)葉種植(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)發展到10萬(wan)畝,磚茶(cha)總產(chan)量(liang)達2萬(wan)噸。
二.自然生(sheng)態環(huan)境和人文歷史(shi)因素
1、地(di)形地(di)貌情況:咸(xian)安區(qu)地(di)處幕阜(fu)山(shan)系(xi)和江漢平(ping)(ping)原的(de)過渡地(di)帶(dai),地(di)勢東(dong)南(nan)(nan)高(gao)西北(bei)低(di)(di),呈階梯狀(zhuang)分布,狀(zhuang)如撮箕,按(an)形態(tai)成因分為(wei)(wei)低(di)(di)山(shan)、丘陵、崗地(di)、平(ping)(ping)原四大類型(xing),相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對高(gao)差(cha)936.1米(mi)(mi)。咸(xian)安區(qu)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)和西南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)低(di)(di)山(shan)區(qu),系(xi)幕阜(fu)山(shan)系(xi)北(bei)翼余(yu)脈,山(shan)脈之間(jian)峰巒起(qi)伏(fu),溝壑縱橫,共形成大小(xiao)山(shan)丘22877座,其中山(shan)峰218座,最(zui)高(gao)峰為(wei)(wei)大幕山(shan)灶背巖(yan),海(hai)拔(ba)954.1米(mi)(mi)。相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對高(gao)差(cha)50-200米(mi)(mi),谷深坡陡(dou),坡度為(wei)(wei)60°左(zuo)右(you)。中部(bu)(bu)(bu)和東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)丘陵區(qu),海(hai)拔(ba)50-300米(mi)(mi),相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對高(gao)差(cha)50-100米(mi)(mi),丘體(ti)零亂、圓渾,坡度50-300米(mi)(mi),壟崗、殘丘相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)間(jian),脈絡明(ming)顯,坡度小(xiao)于(yu)5°左(zuo)右(you)。咸(xian)安區(qu)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)和東(dong)北(bei)、西北(bei)、西部(bu)(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分為(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)原區(qu),海(hai)拔(ba)30米(mi)(mi)以下,最(zui)低(di)(di)處斧頭湖海(hai)拔(ba)18米(mi)(mi),地(di)勢平(ping)(ping)坦,湖泊(bo)港汊多(duo),河網密度大,坡度小(xiao)于(yu)3°。咸(xian)安區(qu)西南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)、南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)地(di)表廣泛分布石(shi)灰巖(yan),屬(shu)喀斯特(te)地(di)貌,溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)特(te)多(duo),較大的(de)有(you)20余(yu)處,其中太乙洞(dong)(dong)(dong)、飛仙洞(dong)(dong)(dong)、鳴(ming)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)有(you)名。
2、河(he)流(liu)情況:咸安區境內以(yi)淦河(he)、高橋河(he)、汀泗河(he)三大河(he)流(liu)為主流(liu),匯(hui)集(ji)大小支(zhi)流(liu)70條,總(zong)長567.8公(gong)里。三大河(he)流(liu)上(shang)游多(duo)是山地、坡度大、集(ji)流(liu)快,河(he)水暴漲暴落,易旱易澇;下(xia)游河(he)道迂回曲折,加(jia)之(zhi)受湖(hu)水頂(ding)托,容易泛(fan)濫成災(zai)。境內湖(hu)泊有斧頭、西涼兩湖(hu),均為天然(ran)淡水湖(hu),水面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)4.4萬(wan)畝(mu)。
3、氣(qi)候情(qing)況:咸安區(qu)(qu)屬亞(ya)熱帶(dai)季(ji)風性濕潤(run)氣(qi)候,四季(ji)分明(ming),氣(qi)候溫和,日(ri)照(zhao)充足(zu),雨(yu)量豐沛,無霜期長(chang),嚴寒酷(ku)暑時(shi)間短(duan)。境(jing)內日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數年平(ping)均(jun)值為(wei)(wei)1879.65小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),日(ri)照(zhao)率為(wei)(wei)42%,最多(duo)(duo)的1979年為(wei)(wei)2075.4小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),最少(shao)的1975年為(wei)(wei)1596.6小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),年較差478.8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)。。全(quan)區(qu)(qu)年均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)天數150天,降(jiang)雨(yu)量年均(jun)1531.4毫(hao)米。境(jing)內受亞(ya)熱帶(dai)季(ji)風氣(qi)候影響,春季(ji)多(duo)(duo)東(dong)風,夏季(ji)多(duo)(duo)東(dong)南風,秋冬多(duo)(duo)偏(pian)北風。
4、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)情況(kuang):境(jing)內主(zhu)要(yao)有紅壤(rang)、黃棕壤(rang)、石(shi)灰(巖)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)6類。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)大部分(fen)呈中性偏酸,少數偏堿,PH值一般在5.5-7.5之(zhi)間。紅壤(rang)面積(ji)65254公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),占(zhan)域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)46.04%,分(fen)布區域(yu)(yu)為(wei)海拔(ba)50-800米的(de)(de)低(di)山丘陵及低(di)山平崗地(di)(di)帶(dai);黃棕壤(rang)面積(ji)47公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),占(zhan)域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)0.03%;石(shi)灰(巖)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面積(ji)9354公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),占(zhan)域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)6.6%;紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面積(ji)377公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),占(zhan)域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)0.26%;潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)396公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),占(zhan)域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)0.28%;水(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)是(shi)境(jing)內主(zhu)要(yao)耕地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang),面積(ji)21234公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),占(zhan)域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)14.98%,占(zhan)耕地(di)(di)總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)(de)74.90%。 咸安(an)地(di)(di)理(li)環境(jing)和自然條件得天獨厚,工業“三廢”低(di)于國家(jia)標(biao)準,大氣清新無污(wu)染,符合(he)《環境(jing)空氣質(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準》(GB3095—2012);徑流水(shui)質(zhi)優良(liang),符合(he)《地(di)(di)面水(shui)環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準》(GB3838-2002)。咸安(an)特(te)有的(de)(de)光照、溫濕度(du)、降水(shui)、水(shui)質(zhi)、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)、地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌等環境(jing)和生態(tai)條件,確保了茶(cha)葉種(zhong)植的(de)(de)良(liang)好生長和優良(liang)特(te)性的(de)(de)形成。
三.地域范圍
“咸(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)茶”產(chan)地(di)范圍(wei)為湖北省咸(xian)(xian)寧(ning)市咸(xian)(xian)安(an)區所轄的(de)桂花鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、馬橋(qiao)(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大幕鄉、雙溪橋(qiao)(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、賀勝橋(qiao)(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、汀泗橋(qiao)(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫溝橋(qiao)(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等7個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)63個(ge)村,1個(ge)國有(you)林場,總生產(chan)區域(yu)(yu)面積(ji) 2000公頃。其地(di)理位置位于東經114°06′-114°43′,北緯29°39′-30°02′之間(jian)。區域(yu)(yu)范圍(wei)內咸(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)茶茶葉核心種植面積(ji)10000畝,總產(chan)量5000噸(dun)。