一.產品介紹
胡陽西紅柿遠銷(xiao)北京、邯鄲、大連、哈(ha)爾(er)濱、蘇(su)州、上海、廣州和俄(e)羅斯等國內外市(shi)場(chang),品(pin)質在(zai)國內市(shi)場(chang)有很高的口碑(bei)。目前,胡陽西紅柿擁有8個綠(lv)色食品(pin)商標(biao)(biao),2013年(nian)獲得中(zhong)國農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志認證(zheng),被評為(wei)2015年(nian)全國互聯(lian)網地標(biao)(biao)產(chan)品(pin)(蔬(shu)菜)50強,在(zai)2015年(nian)中(zhong)國農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)區(qu)域公用品(pin)牌價值評估(gu)中(zhong)獲得價值2.47億元。
二.自然生態環(huan)境
1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情況:胡陽鎮地處沂蒙山南麓,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)主要為潮土(tu)(tu)類(lei),沙壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)層深厚肥沃(wo),有機(ji)(ji)質1-1.2%、速效(xiao)氮85-100mg/kg、速效(xiao)磷25-51mg/kg、速效(xiao)鉀95-128.5mg/kg,有機(ji)(ji)鉀含量很高,非常適合種植(zhi)西(xi)紅柿,所(suo)產西(xi)紅柿色澤艷麗、形態端正(zheng)、甜酸適口(kou)、生食口(kou)感好(hao)。
2、水(shui)(shui)文資源:境內河(he)流有祊河(he)、浚河(he)、胡陽河(he)、沂龍(long)河(he),大型(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)兩座、中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)塘壩(ba)30余處,地(di)下水(shui)(shui)源豐(feng)富(fu),境內沂龍(long)天泉水(shui)(shui)被列為(wei)臨沂市政府(fu)專用飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui),基(ji)地(di)灌溉用水(shui)(shui)全(quan)部為(wei)地(di)下水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)質純凈,且經過萬畝中(zhong)(zhong)低產田改造工程綜合開發后,路(lu)渠配套,灌溉便利。
3、氣(qi)候(hou)情況(kuang):屬暖溫帶半濕(shi)潤(run)大陸性季風氣(qi)侯區(qu),常年(nian)降水量851毫米,無霜期202天(tian),夏季高(gao)溫多雨,冬(dong)季干(gan)旱少雨,年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫14.1℃左(zuo)右,最高(gao)36℃,最低-12.6℃,年(nian)均日照(zhao)2421小(xiao)時,平(ping)均相對濕(shi)度(du)65%,空(kong)氣(qi)清(qing)潔,光照(zhao)充(chong)足,晝夜(ye)溫差大,水質(zhi)清(qing)純,土壤有機(ji)質(zhi)含量豐富。具(ju)有豐富的光、熱(re)、水資源。
三.地域范圍
費縣(xian)位于山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)的(de)東(dong)南(nan)部,西紅柿種植歷史悠(you)久(jiu),面積大,以(yi)胡陽鎮(zhen)為(wei)中心(xin),現已發(fa)展(zhan)到全縣(xian)6個鄉鎮(zhen)。“胡陽西紅柿”的(de)地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)保護(hu)范圍(wei)為(wei)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)費縣(xian)境內,東(dong)至薛莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)顏林村(cun)(cun),西至費城鎮(zhen)王(wang)家莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun),北至上(shang)冶鎮(zhen)大仲口村(cun)(cun),南(nan)至胡陽鎮(zhen)北尹村(cun)(cun)。地(di)(di)(di)理坐(zuo)標為(wei)北緯35°10ˊ-35°27ˊ,東(dong)經117°30ˊ-118°09ˊ,海拔高(gao)度為(wei)110米(mi)-187.4米(mi)之間。地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)保護(hu)種植面積為(wei)2000公頃,總(zong)生產(chan)(chan)面積3萬畝,年生產(chan)(chan)總(zong)量為(wei)30萬噸。
四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征
1、外(wai)在感(gan)官特征:胡陽(yang)(yang)西紅(hong)(hong)柿(shi)果型圓整(zheng)、大(da)小(xiao)均(jun)(jun)勻、單果重250左右,差(cha)異不(bu)超過果重平均(jun)(jun)值的(de)5%。顏(yan)色(se)粉紅(hong)(hong)透亮,甜酸適口(kou)、生(sheng)食口(kou)感(gan)清香(xiang)沙口(kou),硬(ying)度好。 4.2 內(nei)在品(pin)質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao):胡陽(yang)(yang)西紅(hong)(hong)柿(shi)內(nei)含(han)維(wei)生(sheng)素C14mg/100g ~15mg/100g,可(ke)溶性(xing)固形(xing)物≥6.0%,總酸≤1.0%,番茄紅(hong)(hong)素8.0mg/100g ~9.0mg/100g。 4.3 安全(quan)要求:“胡陽(yang)(yang)西紅(hong)(hong)柿(shi)”必須(xu)達到農業部(bu)“綠色(se)食品(pin)西紅(hong)(hong)柿(shi)”的(de)衛(wei)生(sheng)指(zhi)標(biao)。有《農產品(pin)質(zhi)量安全(quan)法》第三十三條規定情形(xing)的(de)不(bu)得(de)上市(shi)銷售。
五(wu).特(te)定生產(chan)方式(shi)
1、產(chan)地:“胡(hu)陽西紅柿”的(de)產(chan)地選擇旱能澆、澇能排,土壤條件良(liang)好、灌溉(gai)水(shui)無污(wu)染,遠離廠礦企業,大氣、土壤、水(shui)質等(deng)環(huan)境條件均符合國(guo)家(jia)綠色(se)食(shi)品原(yuan)料(liao)生產(chan)基(ji)地環(huan)境質量標準的(de)地域。
2、品種:選擇耐低溫、抗病、連續坐果能力強,顏色好,產量高(gao),后期不(bu)歇秧的品種:如(ru)金(jin)棚一號、魯番茄七號等。
3、育苗(miao)(miao)與(yu)定植(zhi)(zhi):3.1、育苗(miao)(miao):用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50-55℃溫(wen)開(kai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)燙(tang)種消(xiao)毒10分(fen)(fen)鐘,不斷攪拌以(yi)防(fang)燙(tang)傷。然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)約30℃溫(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸4 -6小時(shi),搓洗(xi)干(gan)凈,澇起瀝(li)干(gan),在28-30℃的恒溫(wen)箱(xiang)或溫(wen)暖處保(bao)(bao)濕催芽(ya),20小時(shi)開(kai)始發芽(ya)。 3.2、定植(zhi)(zhi): 苗(miao)(miao)子三葉一心,苗(miao)(miao)齡30天(tian)左右就要(yao)(yao)定植(zhi)(zhi)。苗(miao)(miao)齡太大易(yi)形成(cheng)老(lao)化苗(miao)(miao),影響(xiang)產量(liang)(liang)。定植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)一要(yao)(yao)稀植(zhi)(zhi),株距30-35公分(fen)(fen);二要(yao)(yao)淺栽,土坨與(yu)地(di)(di)面持平;溝內施生物(wu)菌肥(fei)(fei)(fei),能促根(gen)(gen)(gen)、壯苗(miao)(miao)、抗重茬、防(fang)線蟲、防(fang)死棵。定植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)要(yao)(yao)一次澆足(zu)澆透,要(yao)(yao)放大水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),確(que)保(bao)(bao)坐(zuo)果(guo)前不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui);定植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)多劃鋤,促進根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)生長(chang),10-15天(tian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)蓋(gai)地(di)(di)膜,地(di)(di)膜蓋(gai)早了(le),表層地(di)(di)溫(wen)高,根(gen)(gen)(gen)扎(zha)的淺,冬季易(yi)受凍。3.3、施肥(fei)(fei)(fei):底肥(fei)(fei)(fei)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、生物(wu)菌肥(fei)(fei)(fei)三肥(fei)(fei)(fei)結(jie)合。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)秸桿(gan)反應堆技術,有機(ji)圈(quan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)發酵后(hou)(hou)(hou)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)8-10方,化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遵循“控氮(肥(fei)(fei)(fei))、減磷(lin)(肥(fei)(fei)(fei))、增鉀(肥(fei)(fei)(fei))、補(bu)微量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)素(鈣、鋅、硼、鎂)”的原(yuan)則,均勻撒(sa)施后(hou)(hou)(hou)深(shen)翻(fan)地(di)(di)。3.4、田間(jian)管理: 防(fang)病、治(zhi)蟲、防(fang)徒(tu)長(chang),防(fang)澇、澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、防(fang)早衰。適時(shi)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及時(shi)排澇:根(gen)(gen)(gen)據季節和(he)土壤含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)確(que)定灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)間(jian)。病蟲綜合防(fang)治(zhi):采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)工(gong)、物(wu)理、生物(wu)措施控制(zhi)病蟲,減少化學農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)次數(shu),充分(fen)(fen)保(bao)(bao)護利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天(tian)敵(di)。嚴禁使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高毒、高殘留農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao),推廣使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)低(di)毒、低(di)殘留農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)和(he)生物(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。縣農(nong)(nong)(nong)業局設(she)立(li)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)檢測中(zhong)心和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)配送站,編發了(le)《優質(zhi)西(xi)紅柿標準化管理規(gui)程》等(deng)技術資(zi)料,對基地(di)(di)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業投入品(pin)定點供應,實(shi)行建檔登記。3.5、適時(shi)采收、分(fen)(fen)級(ji)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)、保(bao)(bao)鮮運輸:據品(pin)種特(te)性適時(shi)采收,分(fen)(fen)級(ji)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)上市(shi)或冷(leng)庫預冷(leng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)上市(shi)。