《定軍山》又名《取(qu)東川》《一戰(zhan)成(cheng)功》,京(jing)劇(ju)傳統劇(ju)目。取(qu)材(cai)于《三國演(yan)義(yi)》,大(da)(da)體與清宮廷大(da)(da)戲《鼎(ding)峙春秋》中的內容相仿。劇(ju)本(ben)由譚(tan)富英、陶君(jun)起整理(li),寶文堂出版。有(you)《戲考(kao)(kao)》《戲學(xue)匯考(kao)(kao)》《戲典》《修訂平(ping)劇(ju)選》《戲學(xue)指南》《名伶京(jing)劇(ju)大(da)(da)觀》《京(jing)劇(ju)從刊》等刊本(ben)。除京(jing)劇(ju)外,漢劇(ju)、川劇(ju)、微劇(ju)、秦腔、晉劇(ju)、粵(yue)劇(ju)、滇劇(ju)、同州梆子河北(bei)梆子等劇(ju)種(zhong)均(jun)有(you)該劇(ju)目。
該劇(ju)目講(jiang)述了三國(guo)時期,魏蜀(shu)交戰,曹操遣大將張頜攻打葭(jia)萌關,張敗走定(ding)軍山(shan),投奔夏(xia)侯(hou)淵。諸葛亮用(yong)激將法使黃(huang)忠(zhong)立(li)下軍令狀,發誓十(shi)日內攻下定(ding)軍山(shan)。兩軍交戰中,黃(huang)忠(zhong)生擒夏(xia)侯(hou)淵之侄夏(xia)侯(hou)尚(shang),并(bing)(bing)用(yong)其換取部將陳(chen)式(shi)。在走馬換將之際(ji),黃(huang)忠(zhong)將夏(xia)侯(hou)尚(shang)射死,激夏(xia)侯(hou)淵出陣(zhen)較量,并(bing)(bing)施展拖刀(dao)計,斬殺夏(xia)侯(hou)淵,奪(duo)取定(ding)軍山(shan)。
諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮一生用兵(bing),善(shan)用激(ji)(ji)將之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)。建安二十三年(nian)(nian),魏(wei)將張郃(he)(he)犯葭(jia)萌(meng)關,守將霍峻申報乞(qi)救。諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮又用此法(fa),佯言(yan)欲向閬中調取張飛(fei)往敵,并力夸張郃(he)(he)乃(nai)魏(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名將,斷(duan)非張飛(fei)不可(ke),以(yi)激(ji)(ji)眾心。時黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)(nian)雖老,然心雄萬夫,竟為諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮所激(ji)(ji)動,即(ji)在(zai)帳前輪刀(dao)開弓,以(yi)示勇(yong)力。銳身自任(ren),愿(yuan)往破(po)張郃(he)(he),并舉(ju)老將嚴(yan)顏為副。諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮知二人智勇(yong)兼全,本(ben)自可(ke)用,遂(sui)遣(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既(ji)赴救。張郃(he)(he)欺二將皆老邁,易視之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不意黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)始用驕兵(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)計,連次佯敗(bai),卒(zu)于一夜突(tu)出(chu)襲(xi)殺,大敗(bai)張郃(he)(he)軍(jun),直逼漢(han)水。張郃(he)(he)、夏(xia)(xia)侯尚(shang)(shang)等,只得(de)退奔天(tian)蕩(dang)山(shan)(shan)夏(xia)(xia)侯德(de)處。蓋天(tian)蕩(dang)、米(mi)倉兩(liang)山(shan)(shan),系魏(wei)兵(bing)屯糧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要隘也。詎張郃(he)(he)、夏(xia)(xia)侯尚(shang)(shang)等才至未幾,黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已引軍(jun)追(zhui)及,鼓噪而進。蓋黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)預遣(qian)嚴(yan)顏抄(chao)出(chu)山(shan)(shan)后,在(zai)前燒(shao)屯接(jie)應。故能(neng)一戰而克天(tian)蕩(dang)。斬夏(xia)(xia)侯德(de),兵(bing)勢如破(po)竹也。既(ji)得(de)天(tian)蕩(dang),諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮即(ji)偕劉(liu)備,舉(ju)兵(bing)十萬,進駐葭(jia)萌(meng)。擬(ni)乘(cheng)勝直圖漢(han)中。諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮知黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軍(jun)威方振,余勇(yong)可(ke)賈,尤可(ke)用也。乃(nai)下令欲取定軍(jun)山(shan)(shan),且言(yan)夏(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)(yuan)非張郃(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比,復以(yi)調回關羽一語激(ji)(ji)黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)益奮(fen)勇(yong),如前狀。諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葛亮于是遣(qian)法(fa)正為之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐,復任(ren)黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為前鋒。陰遣(qian)趙云(yun)將奇兵(bing)出(chu)小路(lu)接(jie)應。既(ji)而黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)乘(cheng)兩(liang)軍(jun)釋換俘虜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,故意射死(si)夏(xia)(xia)侯尚(shang)(shang),以(yi)激(ji)(ji)怒(nu)夏(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)(yuan),使夏(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)(yuan)輕進憤事。夏(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)(yuan)果以(yi)此致敗(bai),卒(zu)被黃(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刀(dao)劈馬下而亡。蜀軍(jun)遂(sui)定東川。