一.產品介紹
湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)原(yuan)來叫做胡羊(yang)(yang),源于北(bei)方蒙古羊(yang)(yang),距(ju)今已有1000多年歷史。據(ju)歷史資料記載,南宋遷(qian)都臨(lin)安,黃河流(liu)域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)居民大(da)量南移(yi),同時把(ba)飼(si)養(yang)在冀(ji)、魯、豫的(de)(de)“大(da)白羊(yang)(yang)”攜至江南,主(zhu)要飼(si)養(yang)在江浙兩省交界的(de)(de)太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)一帶。又據(ju)宋《談志》記載,原(yuan)先湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)主(zhu)要分布于浙江西(xi)北(bei)部的(de)(de)安吉、長興(xing)等縣,后來逐(zhu)漸由山(shan)區移(yi)向平原(yuan),由放牧轉入(ru)舍飼(si),經過人們(men)長期馴養(yang)和(he)選育,逐(zhu)步形(xing)成(cheng)了湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)品種。 21世紀以(yi)來,羊(yang)(yang)肉消費需(xu)求日益增加(jia)價格也不斷攀(pan)升,規模化(hua)(hua)、生態化(hua)(hua)、標準化(hua)(hua)養(yang)殖不斷發(fa)展,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)產業(ye)發(fa)展迅速。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州多次舉辦湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)文化(hua)(hua)節和(he)賽羊(yang)(yang)會,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)文化(hua)(hua)得(de)到了弘揚(yang)。南潯(xun)區練市鎮被(bei)(bei)授予“湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)文化(hua)(hua)名鎮”榮(rong)譽稱(cheng)號(hao),長興(xing)縣呂山(shan)鄉被(bei)(bei)授予“浙江湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)之(zhi)鄉”; 2015年長興(xing)呂山(shan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)獲(huo)得(de)全國“十大(da)魅(mei)力農產品”稱(cheng)號(hao),德清新市湖(hu)(hu)(hu)式剪羊(yang)(yang)肉被(bei)(bei)編入(ru)了《中國名菜(cai)譜(pu)》, 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州練市鎮榮(rong)膺浙江省餐(can)飲(yin)協會頒發(fa)的(de)(de)“紅燒羊(yang)(yang)肉第一鎮”美譽。
二(er).自然生態環(huan)境和(he)人文歷史因素
1、生態條(tiao)件。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)市(shi)地處浙江北部,太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)南岸,緊鄰(lin)江蘇、安(an)徽兩省,是(shi)一個(ge)河流成網(wang)、交通(tong)方(fang)(fang)便、土壤肥沃、氣候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)暖(nuan)、雨量(liang)充沛,適宜發展糧食、畜牧等(deng)綜(zong)合(he)性(xing)農(nong)業生產的(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)。現轄(xia)三縣、兩區(qu)(qu)(qu),東部為(wei)(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)鄉平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan),西(xi)(xi)(xi)部以(yi)山地、丘陵(ling)(ling)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),俗稱“五(wu)山一水(shui)(shui)四(si)分(fen)田”。全市(shi)地勢大(da)(da)致由(you)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南向(xiang)東北傾斜,西(xi)(xi)(xi)部多山,東部為(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)水(shui)(shui)網(wang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。京杭大(da)(da)運河及東、西(xi)(xi)(xi)苕溪,杭寧、申蘇浙皖、申嘉(jia)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)高(gao)速及104、318國道等(deng)貫(guan)穿。獨特的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)網(wang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域和丘陵(ling)(ling)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)相間的(de)(de)(de)環境,給湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊生產提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)了優越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)環境條(tiao)件,同(tong)時(shi)也給飼養區(qu)(qu)(qu)間形成理想的(de)(de)(de)防疫隔離屏障。 2、氣候(hou)條(tiao)件。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)市(shi)地處北亞熱帶季(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣候(hou)區(qu)(qu)(qu),季(ji)風(feng)(feng)顯著,四(si)季(ji)分(fen)明(ming);雨熱同(tong)季(ji),降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)充沛;光溫(wen)(wen)(wen)同(tong)步,日(ri)照(zhao)充沛;氣候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和,空氣濕潤;地形起(qi)伏高(gao)差大(da)(da),垂直氣候(hou)較明(ming)顯。全市(shi)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)12.2~17.3℃,無霜期(qi)224~246天,年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)1613~2430小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)(nian)太陽輻射總量(liang)102~111千(qian)卡/平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)厘米,年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)761~1780毫米,年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)日(ri)數(shu)116~156天,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)相對濕度(du)均(jun)在(zai)80%以(yi)上。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)風(feng)(feng)向(xiang)季(ji)節變化明(ming)顯,冬半年(nian)(nian)盛(sheng)(sheng)行西(xi)(xi)(xi)北風(feng)(feng),夏半年(nian)(nian)盛(sheng)(sheng)行東南風(feng)(feng),年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)速1.7~3.2米/秒(miao)。獨特的(de)(de)(de)氣候(hou)條(tiao)件非常適合(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊的(de)(de)(de)生活,有利于提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊品(pin)質,同(tong)時(shi)也有利于水(shui)(shui)稻、桑樹(shu)、蔬菜和茶葉種(zhong)植及牧草和飼料作物生長(chang),更形成了 “桑基魚塘(tang)”的(de)(de)(de)特色,為(wei)(wei)(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊生產提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)豐富的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)作物秸稈飼料資源(yuan)外更為(wei)(wei)(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)良好的(de)(de)(de)飼養場地。
三.地域范圍
湖(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)羊產地為湖(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)市域全境(jing),轄吳興(xing)和南潯(xun)2個(ge)區和德清、長(chang)興(xing)、安吉3個(ge)縣,具體分布(bu)于44個(ge)鄉(鎮)、511個(ge)行(xing)政村(cun)。陸地分別與(yu)杭州(zhou)(zhou)余杭區、嘉興(xing)桐鄉市、江蘇吳江市、安徽寧(ning)國和廣(guang)德市、江蘇宜興(xing)市相鄰(lin),北(bei)(bei)面與(yu)太湖(hu)(hu)相連。位于東(dong)經119度14分至120度29分、北(bei)(bei)緯30度22分至31度11分之間(jian),東(dong)西(xi)長(chang)126公(gong)里(li),南北(bei)(bei)寬90公(gong)里(li)范(fan)圍內,總面積5818平方公(gong)里(li)。
四.產品品質特性特征
1、感官特征(zheng) 1.1外貌(mao)特征(zheng) 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屬(shu)短(duan)脂(zhi)尾綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。體(ti)(ti)格(ge)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng),頭(tou)狹長(chang)而清秀,公、母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)均(jun)(jun)(jun)無(wu)(wu)角(jiao),鼻骨隆起,眼大(da)凸(tu)出,多(duo)(duo)數耳大(da)下(xia)垂。頸細長(chang),體(ti)(ti)軀偏狹長(chang),肩胸(xiong)較狹窄,背腰平直,腹微(wei)下(xia)垂,尾扁園且尾尖(jian)上翹,四(si)肢偏細而高(gao),母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)尻部(bu)略(lve)高(gao)于耆甲,乳房發(fa)達(da)。公羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)型(xing)較大(da),前軀發(fa)達(da),胸(xiong)寬深,胸(xiong)毛粗長(chang)。 1.2生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)特征(zheng) 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)終年舍(she)飼,適應高(gao)溫高(gao)濕環(huan)境。早期生長(chang)發(fa)育(yu)快,6月齡羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)可(ke)達(da)成(cheng)年羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)70%以(yi)上,成(cheng)年公母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)65公斤(jin)、45公斤(jin)左(zuo)右。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性成(cheng)熟早,公母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)5~6月齡性成(cheng)熟,四(si)季發(fa)情,多(duo)(duo)胎多(duo)(duo)羔(gao),平均(jun)(jun)(jun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)羔(gao)率(lv)為(wei)230%左(zuo)右。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)肉(rou)(rou)性能高(gao),屠宰率(lv)和(he)凈肉(rou)(rou)率(lv)分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)52%和(he)38%左(zuo)右。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)質細嫩(nen)多(duo)(duo)汁(zhi),胴體(ti)(ti)美(mei)觀、均(jun)(jun)(jun)稱、光凈、有彈性,肉(rou)(rou)呈(cheng)棕紅色,脂(zhi)肪分布(bu)均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)初(chu)生所宰剝的(de)(de)(de)(de)小湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)皮皮板輕(qing)柔、毛色潔(jie)白、花紋呈(cheng)波(bo)浪狀、光澤(ze)美(mei)觀。 2、獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)內在品(pin)(pin)(pin)質 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肥羔(gao)肉(rou)(rou)蛋白質達(da)17%-19%,人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)所需(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)必需(xu)氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)種(zhong)(zhong)類齊全,氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)總(zong)(zong)量在14%-17%,谷氨(an)(an)酸(suan)、天門冬氨(an)(an)酸(suan)、亮氨(an)(an)酸(suan)、賴氨(an)(an)酸(suan)、纈氨(an)(an)酸(suan)及蘇(su)氨(an)(an)酸(suan)等(deng)(deng)氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含量均(jun)(jun)(jun)較豐富(fu),尤其是谷氨(an)(an)酸(suan)、賴氨(an)(an)酸(suan)含量高(gao),占(zhan)必需(xu)氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)總(zong)(zong)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)16.5%和(he)8.7%。 3、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)相關標準與規(gui)(gui)范 2013年,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)州市(shi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖比重(存欄20只以(yi)上)為(wei)66.35%,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖逐漸由(you)散養(yang)(yang)(yang)向規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)方向發(fa)展。遵照農業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)《無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)認(ren)(ren)證產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境檢測管理(li)(li)辦法(fa)》(農質安發(fa)【2003】9號)、《無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境質量調查(cha)規(gui)(gui)范》(NT/T5335-2006)、《無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境評(ping)價準則》(NT/T5295-2004)及《無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)用水(shui)水(shui)質》(NY5027-2008)等(deng)(deng)國家(jia)強(qiang)制性技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)州市(shi)太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)合作社、長(chang)興(xing)永盛牧業(ye)(ye)(ye)有限公司、南(nan)潯練市(shi)年豐湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖場(chang)、吳(wu)興(xing)明峰湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖場(chang)、南(nan)潯雅克家(jia)庭農場(chang)等(deng)(deng)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖場(chang)均(jun)(jun)(jun)通過(guo)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)認(ren)(ren)證。同(tong)時,根(gen)據《種(zhong)(zhong)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)管理(li)(li)條(tiao)例(li)》(1994,國務院令153號發(fa)布(bu))、《種(zhong)(zhong)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營許(xu)可(ke)證管理(li)(li)辦法(fa)》(2004,農業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)令第(di)38號修(xiu)訂)、《中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民共(gong)和(he)國畜(chu)(chu)牧法(fa)》及《中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民共(gong)和(he)國動物(wu)防疫法(fa)》等(deng)(deng)法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)(gui)和(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)特性、等(deng)(deng)級(ji)評(ping)定標準(GB 4631-2006),修(xiu)訂頒布(bu)《湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼養(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范》(DB 3305/T27—2013)。
五.特定生(sheng)產方(fang)式
1、環(huan)境(jing)與(yu)(yu)設(she)施 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖(zhi)選(xuan)(xuan)址(zhi)要地勢高燥,水(shui)源充(chong)足(zu);距離生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲用(yong)水(shui)源地、動(dong)物(wu)屠宰(zai)加(jia)工(gong)場所(suo)、動(dong)物(wu)和(he)(he)動(dong)物(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)集貿市場500米以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang);羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場布局(ju)要合(he)理(li),有(you)圍墻,管(guan)(guan)理(li)與(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)區、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區分(fen)離,建有(you)相應(ying)(ying)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)、排泄物(wu)處理(li)等(deng)配(pei)(pei)(pei)套(tao)設(she)施,污道凈道分(fen)設(she)。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)一(yi)(yi)般為坐北朝南建設(she),偏東不(bu)超(chao)過30度(du),保(bao)(bao)持羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)縱向(xiang)軸線與(yu)(yu)當(dang)(dang)地常(chang)年(nian)主(zhu)導風向(xiang)呈(cheng)30度(du)-60度(du)角;羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)間(jian)距一(yi)(yi)般為5米~7米,羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)欄應(ying)(ying)沿(yan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)長軸方(fang)向(xiang)呈(cheng)單(dan)列或(huo)(huo)(huo)雙列布置,羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)檐高2.5m以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)床(chuang)采用(yong)木(mu)條(tiao)(tiao)、老毛竹條(tiao)(tiao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)泥預(yu)制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)鋪(pu)成(cheng),間(jian)隔1cm-1.5cm空隙(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)漏(lou)糞(fen)尿。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場內(nei)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)備柵欄、食(shi)(shi)(shi)槽(cao)、飲水(shui)槽(cao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)自動(dong)乳頭式飲水(shui)器、羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)補料(liao)(liao)槽(cao)、冰箱等(deng)設(she)施。 2、品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)能 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)期(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長快、成(cheng)熟早(zao)、四季發情(qing)、多胎多產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),所(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)皮花紋(wen)美觀(guan),為我國(guo)特有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)皮用(yong)優良(liang)地方(fang)綿(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)情(qing)溫順,食(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)雜,耐粗飼(si)(si)(si),易管(guan)(guan)理(li)。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)技(ji)術 3.1 羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li) 羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)30分(fen)鐘內(nei)及時(shi)吃上(shang)初(chu)(chu)乳,羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)40日(ri)齡內(nei)對(dui)于(yu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)乳不(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弱(ruo)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)做好(hao)人工(gong)輔(fu)助(zhu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)用(yong)代乳品(pin)(pin)(pin)哺(bu)喂, 7—10日(ri)齡羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)開始補飼(si)(si)(si)優質青(qing)(qing)干草(cao)和(he)(he)粗蛋白為16%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao), 45日(ri)-70日(ri)齡體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)在15公(gong)(gong)斤左右(you)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)實(shi)施斷(duan)(duan)奶(nai),斷(duan)(duan)奶(nai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)按(an)照(zhao)公(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、大小分(fen)群飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)。 3.2 育(yu)肥羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li) 保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)足(zu)營養(yang),出(chu)(chu)欄前(qian)(qian)45天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)-60天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)進行(xing)(xing)短期(qi)(qi)育(yu)肥,育(yu)肥后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)嚴格(ge)(ge)執行(xing)(xing)休藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi),達(da)不(bu)到(dao)休藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),禁(jin)止出(chu)(chu)售。 3.3 繁殖(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li) 空懷期(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)群養(yang)為主(zhu),配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)個月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)對(dui)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)短期(qi)(qi)優飼(si)(si)(si),配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)至30天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)內(nei)應(ying)(ying)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)降低營養(yang)標準,妊娠(shen)第一(yi)(yi)個月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)環(huan)境(jing)安靜(jing),妊娠(shen)31天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)至90天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)加(jia)料(liao)(liao),以(yi)(yi)(yi)干草(cao)為主(zhu),妊娠(shen)90天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)至分(fen)娩(mian)前(qian)(qian),按(an)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)膘情(qing),逐步(bu)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)加(jia)料(liao)(liao),不(bu)隨意改變飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)方(fang)式和(he)(he)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群換欄,減少并圈和(he)(he)驅(qu)趕運動(dong),避(bi)免(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)應(ying)(ying)激造成(cheng)流產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan);臨產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)前(qian)(qian)7天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),做好(hao)乳房保(bao)(bao)健;分(fen)娩(mian)結束后(hou)(hou)(hou),應(ying)(ying)給母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)喂麩皮鹽湯,產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)1~3天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)內(nei)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)減少精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)青(qing)(qing)綠飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)喂量(liang)(liang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)娩(mian)3天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)~5天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)(hou),日(ri)糧(liang)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)逐步(bu)增加(jia),干草(cao)自由采食(shi)(shi)(shi);斷(duan)(duan)奶(nai)前(qian)(qian)7天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)~10天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)應(ying)(ying)減少精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)多汁飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)喂量(liang)(liang),防(fang)(fang)止乳房炎(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。 3.4 配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 初(chu)(chu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)年(nian)齡為母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡、體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)35公(gong)(gong)斤以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)-10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡、體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)45公(gong)(gong)斤以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),初(chu)(chu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)達(da)到(dao)成(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)70%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang);一(yi)(yi)般以(yi)(yi)(yi)春秋(qiu)二季配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong), 4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)-6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份、9-11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為宜,現(xian)實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中注(zhu)意避(bi)開7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)仔;合(he)理(li)安排生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模式,實(shi)現(xian)2年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)3胎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標,提倡推廣“一(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)帶(dai)(dai)雙羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)”和(he)(he)“羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)適(shi)時(shi)斷(duan)(duan)奶(nai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)提前(qian)(qian)斷(duan)(duan)奶(nai)”等(deng)實(shi)用(yong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)套(tao)技(ji)術。 4、選(xuan)(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)技(ji)術 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)本品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)為主(zhu),后(hou)(hou)(hou)備種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)應(ying)(ying)考慮同(tong)胞數(shu)、羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)皮等(deng)級和(he)(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)指標,盡量(liang)(liang)從(cong)多羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)代中選(xuan)(xuan)留個體(ti)(ti)(ti),初(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)重(zhong)(zhong)2.25 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)2 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang);同(tong)胎羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)數(shu)公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)2頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)3頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang);六月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡平均體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為35kg、公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為45 kg,成(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)平均體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為79 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)、母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)50 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。保(bao)(bao)持能繁母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群更新率在25%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang);及時(shi)淘汰更新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),防(fang)(fang)止近親(qin)交配(pei)(pei)(pei)。 5、疫(yi)病(bing)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)控制(zhi)技(ji)術 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)環(huan)境(jing)、水(shui)質符合(he)動(dong)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)和(he)(he)無公(gong)(gong)害農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)要求;生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程中不(bu)得使用(yong)《食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)動(dong)物(wu)禁(jin)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獸(shou)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及其他(ta)化合(he)物(wu)清單(dan)》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu),出(chu)(chu)售前(qian)(qian)用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)執行(xing)(xing)《獸(shou)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)休藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)》;羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場建立日(ri)常(chang)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)消毒(du)制(zhi)度(du)和(he)(he)緊急消毒(du)預(yu)案(an);嚴格(ge)(ge)執行(xing)(xing)免(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)疫(yi)程序(xu),免(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)疫(yi)時(shi)間(jian)可(ke)根據(ju)(ju)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)實(shi)際和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)免(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)疫(yi)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)確定(ding)(ding),并應(ying)(ying)定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)檢測(ce)抗體(ti)(ti)(ti)水(shui)平。其他(ta)疫(yi)病(bing)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)免(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)疫(yi)根據(ju)(ju)當(dang)(dang)地疫(yi)情(qing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)部(bu)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)確定(ding)(ding)。 6、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)處理(li)技(ji)術 羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場應(ying)(ying)有(you)統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)錄(lu)表(biao)格(ge)(ge),準確完整地填寫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)情(qing)況(包(bao)括(kuo)引進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)日(ri)期(qi)(qi)、羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)日(ri)期(qi)(qi)、初(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)、二月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、補料(liao)(liao)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)、免(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)疫(yi)注(zhu)射日(ri)期(qi)(qi)、診斷(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、肉羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)售、病(bing)死羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)無害化處理(li)等(deng)記(ji)錄(lu));種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、可(ke)繁母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)應(ying)(ying)登記(ji)編(bian)號、佩帶(dai)(dai)耳標,并記(ji)錄(lu)其主(zhu)要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)能;根據(ju)(ju)原(yuan)始記(ji)錄(lu),定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)進行(xing)(xing)統計、分(fen)析和(he)(he)總結,及時(shi)指導生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。
六.包裝(zhuang)標識(shi)相關規定
湖(hu)州(zhou)市(shi)域全(quan)境從(cong)事湖(hu)羊生(sheng)產經營者,在產品(pin)或包裝(zhuang)上使用已(yi)獲(huo)登記(ji)保護的農(nong)產品(pin)地理(li)標志,須向湖(hu)州(zhou)市(shi)畜牧獸醫局提出申請,簽訂(ding)標志使用協議(yi),并(bing)按照相關要求規范生(sheng)產和(he)使用標志,統(tong)一(yi)采用產品(pin)名稱和(he)農(nong)產品(pin)地理(li)標志公共標識(shi)相結合的標識(shi)標注方(fang)法。