一.產品介紹
長興紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷(li)史源(yuan)遠流(liu)長,久負盛名(ming)(ming),是中國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化發祥地之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。早在(zai)1200多年前的唐(tang)代(dai),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸羽在(zai)長興顧(gu)渚山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區發現此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)“芳(fang)香甘(gan)冽,冠于(yu)他境,可薦于(yu)上”,并以(yi)“陽崖(ya)陰林,紫者(zhe)上,綠者(zhe)次(ci),筍(sun)(sun)(sun)者(zhe)上,芽者(zhe)次(ci)”載入《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經》,取名(ming)(ming)“紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)”,推(tui)薦給皇帝。唐(tang)代(dai)貢(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分(fen)布較廣,包(bao)括五(wu)道十七州部,而顧(gu)渚紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)最為(wei)(wei)著名(ming)(ming),乃貴為(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)上品,有詩(shi)云“瓊漿玉(yu)露不可及,紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)一(yi)到喜若(ruo)狂(kuang)”,被后人稱謂中國(guo)貢(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)最,中國(guo)名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan),而且朝廷命將貢(gong)(gong)額(e)勒石立碑,定名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“顧(gu)渚貢(gong)(gong)焙”。 近年來,長興紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)連(lian)(lian)續被省農(nong)業(ye)廳(ting)評(ping)(ping)為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省一(yi)類名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、省級名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、中國(guo)名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、全國(guo)名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、農(nong)業(ye)部首屆國(guo)際農(nong)博會獲(huo)名(ming)(ming)牌產品等稱號(hao)。并先后榮獲(huo)中國(guo)國(guo)際茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)博覽(lan)會金獎、上海國(guo)際茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化節、浙(zhe)江(jiang)農(nong)業(ye)博覽(lan)會評(ping)(ping)為(wei)(wei)金獎等榮譽稱號(hao);“紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)”牌商(shang)標已(yi)(yi)連(lian)(lian)續三次(ci)被評(ping)(ping)為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省著名(ming)(ming)商(shang)標,“紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)”牌紫筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)已(yi)(yi)連(lian)(lian)續三次(ci)被評(ping)(ping)為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省名(ming)(ming)牌產品。
二.自然生態(tai)環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)興地(di)(di)(di)貌類(lei)(lei)型多(duo)樣化,屬南京凹陷與(yu)(yu)江(jiang)南古陸(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邊緣地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai),屬天(tian)(tian)目山(shan)(shan)余脈(mo),海(hai)拔高(gao)(gao)度在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5-600米(mi)(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian),最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)互通山(shan)(shan),海(hai)拔577.2米(mi)(mi)。土壤(rang)類(lei)(lei)型以砂(sha)巖風(feng)(feng)化物(wu)(wu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)泥砂(sha)土和(he)(he)由(you)棕紅(hong)壤(rang)亞類(lei)(lei)母(mu)質發(fa)(fa)(fa)育而來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞棕黃(huang)筋泥土,質地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)壤(rang)土--砂(sha)壤(rang)土;耕層(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度30-40cm;耕層(ceng)(ceng)含礫率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10-15%之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian);PH值在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)4.5-6.5之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian),偏酸性(xing)。有機質含量(liang)(liang)達(da)(da)40mg/kg,磷素在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5-10mg/kg,鉀素在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)50-60mg/kg。長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)興縣(xian)(xian)西南、西北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低山(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)丘地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu),適宜茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),最(zui)(zui)適生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)海(hai)拔高(gao)(gao)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)100-500米(mi)(mi)。 (2)水(shui)文情況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)興位于(yu)(yu)浙江(jiang)省的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)北端,地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)蘇(su)、浙、皖三省結合部(bu)(bu),東臨(lin)太(tai)湖(hu)(hu),屬于(yu)(yu)太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)流域(yu),主(zhu)要河港(gang)有龍溪(xi)港(gang)、泗安(an)港(gang)、長(chang)(chang)興港(gang)、合溪(xi)新港(gang),它(ta)們與(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)平水(shui)庫、泗安(an)水(shui)庫、二界嶺水(shui)庫、合溪(xi)水(shui)庫等(deng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)連,與(yu)(yu)太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)通,構(gou)(gou)成全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)系網。 (3)氣(qi)候(hou)情況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)興屬亞熱(re)帶(dai)海(hai)洋性(xing)季(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)。①光照充足、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)光協(xie)調:年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均日(ri)照時(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)1810.3小(xiao)時(shi),歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均日(ri)照百(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)41%,光照分(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)較均勻;②氣(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)、四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)明:歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)15.6℃,氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)間(jian)(jian)變幅在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)± 0.5-0.7℃ 之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)極差(cha)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1.2℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均無(wu)霜(shuang)期237天(tian)(tian),但晝夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)明顯。歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月際(ji)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)變化幅度要比(bi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)波動大(da)(da)(da)得多(duo),其中(zhong)(zhong)以1月份(fen)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)變差(cha)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da);③長(chang)(chang)興毗鄰太(tai)湖(hu)(hu),水(shui)氣(qi)充沛,相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對濕度大(da)(da)(da),達(da)(da)78.7%,非常適宜優質茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。④降(jiang)水(shui)充沛、雨熱(re)同季(ji):年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)1309mm,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均雨日(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)144天(tian)(tian),占全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)39.6%。其中(zhong)(zhong)3-9月是(shi)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)集中(zhong)(zhong)期,占年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)雨量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)75%以上(shang)(shang)。降(jiang)水(shui)季(ji)節(jie)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布特點:夏季(ji)最(zui)(zui)多(duo),冬季(ji)最(zui)(zui)少,春季(ji)多(duo)于(yu)(yu)秋季(ji)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)境內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同,降(jiang)水(shui)地(di)(di)(di)理分(fen)(fen)(fen)布也(ye)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著明顯差(cha)異。長(chang)(chang)興環(huan)境優美,大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)質量(liang)(liang)達(da)(da)到(dao)國家一(yi)(yi)級標(biao)準。 (4)人文歷(li)(li)史(shi)情況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷(li)(li)史(shi)源(yuan)遠流長(chang)(chang),久負(fu)盛名(ming),是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化發(fa)(fa)(fa)祥地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。早在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1200多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唐(tang)(tang)代,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸(lu)羽(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)興顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區(qu)(qu)多(duo)次(ci)考察研究,發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)“芳香甘冽,冠(guan)于(yu)(yu)他境,可薦于(yu)(yu)上(shang)(shang)”,并以“陽崖(ya)陰林,紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)上(shang)(shang),綠者(zhe)次(ci),筍(sun)(sun)(sun)者(zhe)上(shang)(shang),芽(ya)者(zhe)次(ci)”載入(ru)《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經》,取(qu)名(ming)“紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)”,推薦給皇(huang)帝。 紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)被(bei)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)始于(yu)(yu)唐(tang)(tang)朝廣(guang)德(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(公元763--764年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),至今已有1247年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。據《新唐(tang)(tang)書》等(deng)史(shi)料(liao)記載,唐(tang)(tang)代貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布較廣(guang),包括五道十(shi)七(qi)(qi)州部(bu)(bu),而顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)最(zui)(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)著名(ming),乃貴(gui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品(pin)(pin)質超群,深受(shou)帝王喜愛,有詩云“瓊漿玉露(lu)不可及,紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)一(yi)(yi)到(dao)喜若狂(kuang)”。因此,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)(shu)(shu)額連年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)劇增,到(dao)唐(tang)(tang)武(wu)宗會昌(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(公元841--846)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)額達(da)(da)18400斤(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)。被(bei)后(hou)人稱謂(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)最(zui)(zui),中(zhong)(zhong)國名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)。而且朝廷命將貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)額勒(le)石立碑,定名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)焙”。 長(chang)(chang)興顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)是(shi)唐(tang)(tang)代茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸(lu)羽(yu)從事茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)事活動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要場所(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里他撰寫了(le)(le)(le)《顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)記》和(he)(he)世(shi)界第一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)學(xue)專著《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經》。歷(li)(li)代文人墨(mo)客,如(ru)顏真卿、白居易、皎然、杜牧、張文規(gui)(gui)、陸(lu)龜(gui)蒙(meng)、皮(pi)日(ri)休、劉禹(yu)錫、陸(lu)游、蘇(su)軾(shi)等(deng),常來(lai)品(pin)(pin)茗吟詩,抒發(fa)(fa)(fa)情懷,留下不少著述、詩篇和(he)(he)石刻,至今尚留存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)唐(tang)(tang)朝以來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩崖(ya)石刻、石碑和(he)(he)古跡還有三組九處(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)多(duo),這(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)國均屬罕見,是(shi)我國茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴(gui)遺產(chan)。 長(chang)(chang)興縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)府(fu)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)重(zhong)視紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),經多(duo)方努力、多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)研制(zhi)(zhi),試制(zhi)(zhi)并恢復了(le)(le)(le)長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加工的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)承工藝(yi),2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出臺了(le)(le)(le)“510”工程發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua),2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出臺了(le)(le)(le)“七(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)(da)農(nong)業產(chan)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)”,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增加為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“九大(da)(da)(da)農(nong)作物(wu)(wu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)”。對發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)等(deng)特產(chan)生(sheng)產(chan)出臺了(le)(le)(le)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扶持政策(ce),從2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至今,全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)已在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)業上(shang)(shang)共投入(ru)補助資金3200余萬(wan)元。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)了(le)(le)(le)DB33/T 294-2000?《長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》省級地(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)準,2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)《紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》標(biao)準被(bei)批(pi)準為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)農(nong)業部(bu)(bu)農(nong)業行(xing)業標(biao)準,標(biao)準號為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)NY/T 784-2004,是(shi)浙江(jiang)省首個地(di)(di)(di)方名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)部(bu)(bu)頒行(xing)業標(biao)準。經多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建設,長(chang)(chang)興萬(wan)畝(mu)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種(zhong)植(zhi)基地(di)(di)(di)被(bei)省列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“浙江(jiang)省優質高(gao)(gao)效農(nong)業示(shi)范基地(di)(di)(di)”;2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)我縣(xian)(xian)被(bei)評為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)國“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)業政府(fu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)獻(xian)獎(jiang)”。種(zhong)植(zhi)規(gui)(gui)模從2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3.77萬(wan)畝(mu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)至2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)8.43萬(wan)畝(mu),生(sheng)產(chan)總值由(you)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)0.72億元發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4.2億元。成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我縣(xian)(xian)農(nong)業產(chan)業結構(gou)(gou)調整(zheng)、農(nong)民增收、農(nong)村致富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新興產(chan)業,市場發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)前(qian)景(jing)廣(guang)闊。
三.地域范圍
長(chang)興(xing)紫筍茶農(nong)產(chan)品地(di)(di)理標志保護范圍包括(kuo)長(chang)興(xing)縣水口鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、夾浦鎮、小浦鎮、煤山(shan)鎮、白峴鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、龍山(shan)街(jie)道(dao)、雉城鎮、林(lin)城鎮、泗安鎮、二界(jie)嶺(ling)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、吳山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、和(he)平鎮、李(li)家(jia)巷(xiang)鎮、洪橋(qiao)鎮及(ji)國營場(chang)站等地(di)(di)的天目山(shan)余脈山(shan)區(qu),轄15個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮92個村(cun)(cun)(場(chang))。東至(zhi)李(li)家(jia)巷(xiang)鎮的青草(cao)塢(wu)(wu)村(cun)(cun)、南至(zhi)和(he)平鎮的周塢(wu)(wu)山(shan)村(cun)(cun)、西至(zhi)泗安鎮的五(wu)豐(feng)村(cun)(cun)、北(bei)到夾浦鎮的父子嶺(ling)村(cun)(cun),地(di)(di)理坐標為北(bei)緯30°43′-31°11′,東經(jing)119°33′-120°06′。全(quan)縣國土面積1430平方公里(li),保護區(qu)茶園面積6600公頃,產(chan)量(liang)1000噸。
四(si).產(chan)品品質(zhi)特(te)性特(te)征
(1)外在(zai)(zai)感(gan)官(guan)特(te)征: 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶間(jian)植(zhi)于竹林之(zhi)中,葉(xie)(xie)芽粗(cu)(cu)壯似筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun),精心加(jia)工后,具(ju)備:條(tiao)直(zhi)索緊鋒銳(rui),透綠(lv)帶翠顯毫,梗(geng)壯芽肥葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou),規格(ge)(ge)整齊勻(yun)稱的(de)外在(zai)(zai)感(gan)官(guan)特(te)征。 經專家(jia)組評(ping)定,一致(zhi)認為:長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶干(gan)(gan)茶形似蘭花(hua),色澤嫩綠(lv);香氣清(qing)高持(chi)久(jiu),滋味鮮爽甘醇,湯色清(qing)澈明亮(liang),葉(xie)(xie)底嫩勻(yun)成朵(duo);品(pin)質(zhi)優異(yi),風格(ge)(ge)獨特(te)。 (2)內(nei)在(zai)(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)指標: 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶茶性(xing)溫和(he)、茶味甘醇;茶香雋(jun)久(jiu)、茶質(zhi)本真;湯色清(qing)澈、明凈光亮(liang);芽葉(xie)(xie)成朵(duo)、狀若蘭花(hua);內(nei)含(han)豐(feng)富、營養(yang)優佳的(de)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)性(xing)。干(gan)(gan)茶水分(fen)≤6.5%,水浸出物≥36.0%,粗(cu)(cu)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)含(han)量≤14.0%,總灰分(fen)≤6.5%。執(zhi)行(xing)NY/T 784-2004《紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶》農(nong)業(ye)(ye)部農(nong)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)標準(zhun)。 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶的(de)獨特(te)內(nei)含(han)成分(fen):茶多酚16.5%,兒茶素總量14.05%,氨基酸4.3%,咖啡(fei)堿2.8%,黃(huang)酮(tong)0.6%,總糖4.4%,粗(cu)(cu)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)8%。 (3)安全要(yao)求: 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶衛生指標、農(nong)藥殘留量符合國(guo)家(jia)有關標準(zhun),執(zhi)行(xing)NY/T288-2002《綠(lv)色食品(pin) 茶葉(xie)(xie)》農(nong)業(ye)(ye)部農(nong)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)標準(zhun)。
五(wu).特定(ding)生產方式
(1)產地選擇與特殊內容規定。 長興紫筍茶農產品地理標志保護范圍包括水口鄉、夾浦鎮、小浦鎮、煤山鎮、白峴鄉、龍山街道、雉城鎮、林城鎮、泗安鎮、二界嶺鄉、吳山鄉、和平鎮、李家巷鎮、洪橋鎮及國營場站等15個鄉鎮,保護區地處天目山余脈,具備太湖獨特的江南風韻,位于青山綠水之間,常年溪水潺潺,空氣清新,山清水秀、生態優越。同時受太湖水體調節,氣候濕潤,日照充足,無霜期長,四季宜人,非常適宜茶葉的生長。得天獨厚的生態氣候環境條件,造就了長興紫筍茶的優異品質。產地環境質量符合《綠色食品 產地環境技術》(NY/T391-2000)的要求。(2)品(pin)(pin)種選擇(ze)與特定(ding)要(yao)求(qiu)。 選擇(ze)適合本地(di)種植環(huan)(huan)境條(tiao)件(jian)、適宜長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)優質(zhi)品(pin)(pin)種,目前主要(yao)種植品(pin)(pin)種為(wei)鳩坑群體種、鳩坑、白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)一號、龍井(jing)43、浙農(nong)(nong)系列(lie)等中小葉(xie)(xie)(xie)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)良種,符合DB33/ 294.1-2000《長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第1部(bu)分(fen):苗木》的(de)規(gui)定(ding)。(3)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理,包括農(nong)(nong)業(ye)投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)特殊使(shi)(shi)用(yong)規(gui)定(ding)。 紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)必須執行《紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》部(bu)頒(ban)行業(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和《長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)縣紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)》。同時(shi)(shi)為(wei)了確保紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)特殊品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)、特色,更需要(yao)注意以下幾個生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie):①茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)增施有(you)機肥(fei):有(you)機肥(fei)以腐熟的(de)餅肥(fei)、欄肥(fei)為(wei)主,結合春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)采(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)修剪、中耕松土時(shi)(shi)深(shen)施肥(fei)料(liao)。②病蟲(chong)草害防(fang)(fang)治:以“預防(fang)(fang)為(wei)主,綜合防(fang)(fang)治”為(wei)原(yuan)則(ze),采(cai)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)、物(wu)理、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)治方(fang)法,降低害蟲(chong)草危害指數;也可根據害蟲(chong)種類(lei),選用(yong)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)許可使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)高效低毒無殘留農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。③初(chu)冬(dong)時(shi)(shi)節(jie)(jie),當茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)停止生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)后(hou)(hou)(hou),對茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)用(yong)石硫(liu)合劑進(jin)(jin)(jin)行封園(yuan)處理,降低病蟲(chong)越冬(dong)殘留密(mi)度(du),提(ti)高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)抗(kang)逆(ni)能(neng)力(li)。農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)必須符合NY/T393-2000《綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)則(ze)》的(de)規(gui)定(ding)。(4)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)收獲(huo)及產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)處理的(de)規(gui)定(ding)。 當茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)長(chang)(chang)(chang)到紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)長(chang)(chang)(chang)至(zhi)一芽一葉(xie)(xie)(xie)初(chu)展時(shi)(shi),及時(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行開(kai)采(cai)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)摘(zhai)要(yao)選擇(ze)在天氣晴(qing)朗的(de)早(zao)上,鮮葉(xie)(xie)(xie)必需要(yao)用(yong)竹制器具盛裝,就地(di)加(jia)工(gong)(gong),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)必須具備QS認證(zheng),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)人員要(yao)經過紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)培訓,持證(zheng)上崗,原(yuan)料(liao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)車間后(hou)(hou)(hou)要(yao)實行分(fen)級、攤青,按(an)照(zhao)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行攤青、殺青、理條(tiao)、烘干等紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程(cheng)(cheng)。紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)摘(zhai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)必須符合DB33/T 294.3-2000?《長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第3部(bu)分(fen):鮮葉(xie)(xie)(xie)與加(jia)工(gong)(gong)》的(de)規(gui)定(ding)。 按(an)分(fen)級標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行分(fen)別加(jia)工(gong)(gong)而成的(de)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)毛茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),再次按(an)DB33/T 294.4-2000?《長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第4部(bu)分(fen):商(shang)品(pin)(pin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行分(fen)級、包裝、入(ru)庫、銷(xiao)售,進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)流通市場。(5)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)要(yao)求(qiu)。 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)全過程(cheng)(cheng),都準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確、清晰、工(gong)(gong)整、完全地(di)建立生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)檔案,全面(mian)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)情(qing)況,并妥(tuo)善保存,以備查閱。
六(liu).包裝標識(shi)相關規定(ding)
長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)包裝標(biao)識(shi)必須(xu)(xu)執(zhi)行(xing)DB33/T 294.4-2000?《長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha) 第4部(bu)分:商品茶(cha)(cha)》標(biao)準(zhun)。(1)分級:按標(biao)準(zhun)要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)分級,共分為特級、一級、二級、三級等(deng)4個質(zhi)量等(deng)級。(2)包裝:按要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)分級包裝、標(biao)記。(3)標(biao)識(shi):標(biao)志使用(yong)(yong)執(zhi)行(xing)農業部(bu)農產(chan)品質(zhi)量安全中心(農質(zhi)安發[2008]13號)的(de)(de)規定,標(biao)志使用(yong)(yong)人應在其(qi)產(chan)品或其(qi)包裝上統一農產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志(長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)名稱、公共標(biao)識(shi)圖案和(he)標(biao)注形式)。(4)貯(zhu)(zhu)藏:加(jia)工后的(de)(de)商品紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)必須(xu)(xu)在清潔、無異(yi)味、避(bi)光的(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)庫房中貯(zhu)(zhu)藏,配備降溫(wen)冷藏設施,長期保持(chi)庫房溫(wen)度(du)(du)在5℃以下(xia),相對濕度(du)(du)50%以下(xia)。必須(xu)(xu)符合(he)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)要(yao)求。(5)運輸(shu):執(zhi)行(xing)NY/T1056-2006《綠色食品貯(zhu)(zhu)藏運輸(shu)準(zhun)則》農業部(bu)農業行(xing)業標(biao)準(zhun)和(he)符合(he)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)運輸(shu)要(yao)求。