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龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)是(shi)中(zhong)國傳統(tong)名(ming)茶(cha)，著名(ming)綠(lv)茶(cha)之一(yi)。產于(yu)浙江杭(hang)州(zhou)西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)村(cun)(cun)一(yi)帶，已有(you)一(yi)千二(er)百余(yu)年歷史。龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)色澤翠綠(lv)，香氣濃郁，甘醇爽口(kou)，形(xing)如雀舌，即有(you)“色綠(lv)、香郁、味甘、形(xing)美”四絕的(de)特點。龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)得名(ming)于(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)位于(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖之西(xi)(xi)(xi)翁家山的(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北麓的(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)村(cun)(cun)。龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)因其產地(di)不同，分為西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、錢塘(tang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)（蕭山、富陽(yang)）、越州(zhou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)（紹興地(di)區(qu)：包括(kuo)新昌縣（大佛龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)）、嵊州(zhou)市（越鄉(xiang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)））三種，除了杭(hang)州(zhou)市西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖區(qu)所管轄的(de)范圍（龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)村(cun)(cun)梅家塢至(zhi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)塢轉塘(tang) 十三個生產大隊）的(de)茶(cha)葉(xie)叫作西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)外，其它產地(di)產的(de)俗稱為浙江龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)。浙江龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)又以(yi)越州(zhou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為勝。

西湖(hu)(hu)龍(long)(long)井(jing)位列中(zhong)國十大(da)名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)之首，清乾(qian)隆游覽杭州(zhou)西湖(hu)(hu)時(shi)，盛贊龍(long)(long)井(jing)茶(cha)(cha)，并把獅峰山下胡公廟前的(de)(de)十八棵茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)封為“御(yu)茶(cha)(cha)”。得(de)名(ming)于(yu)龍(long)(long)井(jing)。龍(long)(long)井(jing)位于(yu)西湖(hu)(hu)之西翁家山的(de)(de)西北麓，也就是現(xian)在的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)井(jing)村。龍(long)(long)井(jing)原名(ming)龍(long)(long)泓，是一個(ge)圓形的(de)(de)泉(quan)(quan)池，大(da)旱不涸，古人(ren)以為此泉(quan)(quan)與海相(xiang)通，其中(zhong)有(you)龍(long)(long)，因稱龍(long)(long)井(jing)，傳說晉(jin)代(dai)葛洪曾在此煉丹。離龍(long)(long)井(jing)500米(mi)左右的(de)(de)落暉塢有(you)龍(long)(long)井(jing)寺，俗稱老龍(long)(long)井(jing)，創建于(yu)五代(dai)后漢乾(qian)祐二年(nian)（949年(nian)），初名(ming)報國看經院(yuan)。北宋時(shi)改名(ming)壽圣院(yuan)。南(nan)宋時(shi)又改稱廣福院(yuan)、延恩衍慶寺。明正統三(san)年(nian)（1438年(nian)）才遷移至井(jing)畔，現(xian)寺已廢(fei)，辟為茶(cha)(cha)室。

茶品歷史

始產于唐朝，明代益盛。在清(qing)(qing)明前(qian)采(cai)制(zhi)的叫“明前(qian)茶”，谷雨前(qian)采(cai)制(zhi)的叫“雨前(qian)茶”。向有“雨前(qian)是上品(pin)，明前(qian)是珍品(pin)”的說(shuo)法，還有“早采(cai)一(yi)天(tian)是寶，晚采(cai)一(yi)天(tian)是草(cao)”的說(shuo)法。龍(long)井茶泡飲時，但見芽(ya)芽(ya)直立，湯(tang)色清(qing)(qing)洌，幽香(xiang)四(si)溢(yi)，尤以(yi)一(yi)芽(ya)一(yi)葉(xie)、俗稱“一(yi)旗一(yi)槍”者為極(ji)品(pin)。

先時此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)按產期先后及芽(ya)(ya)(ya)葉嫩老(lao)，分為(wei)八(ba)級(ji)(ji)，即(ji)“蓮心、雀(que)舌、極(ji)品、明前、雨前、頭春、二春、長大”。今分為(wei)十(shi)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)，即(ji)特級(ji)(ji)與一(yi)至(zhi)十(shi)級(ji)(ji)。一(yi)斤特級(ji)(ji)龍(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)，約有(you)茶(cha)(cha)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)達八(ba)萬個之(zhi)多。獅峰山上的(de)龍(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)龍(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)茶(cha)(cha)中之(zhi)上品。該茶(cha)(cha)采摘有(you)嚴格要(yao)求，有(you)只(zhi)采一(yi)個嫩芽(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)，有(you)采一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)葉或一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)二葉初(chu)展的(de)。其(qi)制工亦(yi)極(ji)為(wei)講究(jiu)，在炒制工藝中有(you)抖、挺、扣、抓、壓(ya)、磨、搭、捺、拓、甩等(deng)十(shi)大手法。操(cao)作時變化(hua)多端，令人叫絕。四絕品質則是：色綠、香(xiang)(xiang)郁(yu)、味醇(chun)、形美清(qing)代品茶(cha)(cha)名家(jia)贊譽龍(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)：“甘香(xiang)(xiang)如蘭，幽而(er)不洌(lie)，啜(chuo)之(zhi)淡然，看似無(wu)(wu)味，而(er)飲(yin)后感(gan)太(tai)和之(zhi)氣彌(mi)漫齒(chi)額(e)之(zhi)間，此(ci)無(wu)(wu)味之(zhi)味，乃至(zhi)味也。”

浙江龍井(jing)茶，堪(kan)與傳統名(ming)茶"西湖龍井(jing)"相媲美，是(shi)浙江名(ming)茶譜中(zhong)的(de)后起之秀。蕭山(shan)是(shi)浙江龍井(jing)茶的(de)發源(yuan)地和主產(chan)區(qu)。浙江龍井(jing)茶在我市(shi)的(de)社會價值要超過它的(de)經濟價值。在招(zhao)待親朋好友時(shi)或(huo)喜慶宴(yan)會后，如(ru)能飲上一杯"色(se)、香、味、形(xing)"俱佳的(de)龍井(jing)茶，可以增添親切(qie)熱(re)烈的(de)氣氛。

西(xi)湖龍井(jing)茶，因產于中國杭(hang)州西(xi)湖的龍井(jing)茶區而得名(ming)(ming)(ming)。中國十大名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶之一。欲(yu)把(ba)西(xi)湖比西(xi)子，從來(lai)佳茗似佳人(ren)。龍井(jing)既是地名(ming)(ming)(ming)，又是泉(quan)(quan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)和(he)茶名(ming)(ming)(ming)。茶有(you)“四絕”：色綠、香郁、味(wei)甘、形美(mei)。特級西(xi)湖龍井(jing)茶扁平光(guang)滑挺直，色澤(ze)嫩綠光(guang)潤(run)，香氣鮮嫩清(qing)高，滋味(wei)鮮爽(shuang)甘醇，葉底細嫩呈朵。清(qing)明節前采(cai)制的龍井(jing)茶簡稱(cheng)明前龍井(jing)，美(mei)稱(cheng)女兒紅(hong)，“院外風荷(he)西(xi)子笑，明前龍井(jing)女兒紅(hong)。”這優美(mei)的句(ju)子如詩(shi)如畫，堪稱(cheng)西(xi)湖龍井(jing)茶的絕妙寫真。集名(ming)(ming)(ming)山、名(ming)(ming)(ming)寺、名(ming)(ming)(ming)湖、名(ming)(ming)(ming)泉(quan)(quan)和(he)名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶于一體，泡(pao)一杯龍井(jing)茶，喝(he)出的卻是世所罕(han)見的獨特而驕(jiao)人(ren)的龍井(jing)茶文化。

產地分布

龍(long)(long)井茶(cha)名聞中外，根(gen)據產地分獅(shi)、龍(long)(long)、云、虎龍(long)(long)井茶(cha) ，即獅(shi)峰、龍(long)(long)井、云棲、虎跑四地，民國后(hou)梅家(jia)塢的(de)產量有了(le)很大(da)的(de)提高(gao)。以前人們按(an)照(zhao)五個產地的(de)不(bu)同(tong)品質(zhi)劃分龍(long)(long)井茶(cha)的(de)質(zhi)量排名，分別是獅(shi)、龍(long)(long)、云、虎、梅。解放后(hou)，龍(long)(long)井茶(cha)在浙江省(sheng)內得到了(le)廣泛的(de)種植，品質(zhi)參差不(bu)齊，當前統(tong)一分為西(xi)湖龍(long)(long)井、大(da)佛(fo)龍(long)(long)井、錢塘(tang)龍(long)(long)井和(he)越州龍(long)(long)井，以西(xi)湖龍(long)(long)井品質(zhi)最佳。特級龍(long)(long)井茶(cha)需要在鐵鍋(guo)(guo)里用手翻(fan)炒，一次只(zhi)能(neng)炒250克茶(cha)青，需耗時(shi)30分鐘(zhong)。茶(cha)鍋(guo)(guo)用電器加熱一般(ban)保持(chi)在250氏(shi)度左右。千年來西(xi)湖龍(long)(long)井被世界追捧，市價(jia)居高(gao)不(bu)下，少留于市。