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西周(zhou)(zhou)夔紋(wen)禁是西周(zhou)(zhou)時(shi)期的青銅器，現收藏(zang)于天(tian)津博物館。

文物歷史

1926年(nian)曾為古(gu)玩店(dian)學徒(tu)的(de)陜西(xi)(xi)軍(jun)閥黨玉(yu)琨，組織(zhi)人員(yuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)寶(bao)雞斗雞臺戴家溝進(jin)(jin)行大規模的(de)盜掘(jue)，挖出(chu)了大批(pi)(pi)珍(zhen)貴的(de)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就有(you)這件西(xi)(xi)周(zhou)夔紋銅(tong)禁(jin)。后來黨玉(yu)琨在(zai)(zai)(zai)戰亂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)死去，他(ta)盜掘(jue)的(de)這批(pi)(pi)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)落在(zai)(zai)(zai)了隸(li)屬國(guo)民革命軍(jun)第二集團軍(jun)的(de)宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元將(jiang)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)一部(bu)(bu)分送(song)給了馮玉(yu)祥，大部(bu)(bu)分則(ze)運回(hui)了北京、天津，有(you)很(hen)多則(ze)被轉(zhuan)賣到國(guo)外，此件夔紋銅(tong)禁(jin)則(ze)一直保存在(zai)(zai)(zai)宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元在(zai)(zai)(zai)天津的(de)家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。抗(kang)日戰爭(zheng)期間(jian)，日軍(jun)占領天津英租界，并對宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元的(de)公(gong)館查抄，掠(lve)去很(hen)多財物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，這件銅(tong)禁(jin)也在(zai)(zai)(zai)劫難(nan)逃，宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元三弟宋(song)(song)(song)慧泉得(de)知此事后多方打(da)點才將(jiang)這件銅(tong)禁(jin)及其他(ta)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)從(cong)日軍(jun)手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)贖回(hui)，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)盡心收藏保管(guan)。直到1968年(nian)，天津文(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管(guan)理處在(zai)(zai)(zai)宋(song)(song)(song)氏親(qin)屬家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，發現(xian)了被砸成幾十塊的(de)銅(tong)禁(jin)碎塊，加上文(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)工作者(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)回(hui)收部(bu)(bu)門找到的(de)部(bu)(bu)分銅(tong)禁(jin)碎塊。1972年(nian)5月送(song)到北京中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)歷史(shi)博物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)館由(you)高(gao)英、張(zhang)蘭惠等老師傅進(jin)(jin)行修復。首先(xian)進(jin)(jin)行整形，然后進(jin)(jin)行焊(han)接，缺失的(de)部(bu)(bu)分用厚(hou)銅(tong)板補配，并按原樣予以鏨花，最(zui)后在(zai)(zai)(zai)補的(de)部(bu)(bu)分再作上假銹。西(xi)(xi)周(zhou)銅(tong)禁(jin)又完(wan)好如初(chu)地展現(xian)它的(de)風采。

文物特征

西周夔紋銅禁高23厘(li)(li)米(mi)，長(chang)(chang)126厘(li)(li)米(mi)，寬46.6厘(li)(li)米(mi)。整體呈扁平(ping)立體長(chang)(chang)方(fang)形，中(zhong)空無底，禁面(mian)上有三個(ge)微凸起的橢圓(yuan)形子口(kou)，中(zhong)間的子口(kou)略小于兩(liang)邊子口(kou)，禁前(qian)后兩(liang)面(mian)各(ge)有兩(liang)排鏤空的長(chang)(chang)方(fang)形孔(kong)(kong)十(shi)六個(ge)，左右兩(liang)面(mian)各(ge)有兩(liang)排鏤空的長(chang)(chang)方(fang)形孔(kong)(kong)四個(ge)，禁的四周都飾(shi)有精(jing)美的夔紋，紋飾(shi)生動，造型端莊，鑄造精(jing)良。

文物鑒賞

傳世的(de)西周(zhou)銅(tong)禁(jin)僅見兩件，此其一(yi)。另(ling)一(yi)件夔紋(wen)銅(tong)禁(jin)現藏(zang)(zang)于美國紐約大都會博(bo)物館，禁(jin)上及周(zhou)圍(wei)擺放了各式青銅(tong)酒(jiu)具(ju)。禁(jin)這種形制的(de)銅(tong)器在(zai)國內外均(jun)十分罕見，極其珍貴，天津博(bo)物館藏(zang)(zang)的(de)這件西周(zhou)夔紋(wen)銅(tong)禁(jin)是(shi)中(zhong)國出土的(de)銅(tong)禁(jin)中(zhong)形體最大的(de)一(yi)件，亦為我國禁(jin)止出國（境）展(zhan)覽文物，它是(shi)我國青銅(tong)器中(zhong)的(de)稀世珍品(pin)。是(shi)研究(jiu)中(zhong)國青銅(tong)禁(jin)歷史的(de)珍貴實(shi)物資料。