【器物(wu)名(ming)稱】北宋(song)汝窯青(qing)瓷無紋水仙盆
【文(wen)物原屬】中國故(gu)宮博物院舊藏
【器(qi)型規格】高6.9公(gong)(gong)(gong)分,橫23公(gong)(gong)(gong)分,縱(zong)16.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)分,口徑(jing) 23 公(gong)(gong)(gong)分,足徑(jing) 19.3X12.9 公(gong)(gong)(gong)分,重(zhong)670 公(gong)(gong)(gong)克
汝窯為北宋(song)徽宗朝的(de)官窯,以天青釉(you)色(se)(se)(se)著(zhu)稱于世。裹足支(zhi)燒(shao),底部有六個細(xi)支(zhi)釘(ding)痕(hen),略見米(mi)黃胎色(se)(se)(se)。全器釉(you)面純潔無紋片(pian),此種(zhong)傳(chuan)世稀(xi)少,溫(wen)潤素(su)雅(ya)的(de)色(se)(se)(se)澤,正是宋(song)人所(suo)欲(yu)追求如雨過天晴的(de)寧靜開(kai)朗的(de)美感,據考證為傳(chuan)世僅存的(de)一件。
汝(ru)窯(yao)(yao)一向被(bei)人(ren)們(men)列為(wei)宋代五大(da)名窯(yao)(yao)之首。在(zai)相(xiang)當長的一個時期內,汝(ru)窯(yao)(yao)被(bei)認為(wei)在(zai)河南(nan)的臨汝(ru)縣(xian),但(dan)一直沒有找(zhao)到(dao)遺(yi)址(zhi)。后經文物工作者的努(nu)力,終(zhong)于在(zai)20世(shi)紀70年代,在(zai)寶(bao)豐縣(xian)清涼寺找(zhao)到(dao)了汝(ru)窯(yao)(yao)遺(yi)址(zhi)。
汝(ru)(ru)(ru)窯(yao)(yao)原為民窯(yao)(yao),北宋(song)晚(wan)期開始為宮廷燒造高檔瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)器(qi)。所以,長期以來,文物部門一直(zhi)有(you)兩種說法:一種說汝(ru)(ru)(ru)窯(yao)(yao)泛指(zhi)古汝(ru)(ru)(ru)州(zhou)所轄地區所燒造的(de)(de)(de)青瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)系列(lie)產品的(de)(de)(de)統(tong)稱(cheng);另(ling)一種說汝(ru)(ru)(ru)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)指(zhi)專門御用的(de)(de)(de)那一部分官(guan)窯(yao)(yao)器(qi)物。宋(song)徽(hui)宗執政時期,汝(ru)(ru)(ru)窯(yao)(yao)是(shi)其燒造史的(de)(de)(de)全盛時期,其產品胎質細膩,灰中泛黃,俗稱(cheng)“香(xiang)灰黃”,汝(ru)(ru)(ru)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)釉面有(you)細微的(de)(de)(de)開片,釉下有(you)稀(xi)疏氣泡;汝(ru)(ru)(ru)窯(yao)(yao)青瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)釉色淡青高雅(ya),造型講究(jiu),不以紋飾(shi)為重。
據說(shuo)汝(ru)瓷釉中含有瑪(ma)瑙,其主(zhu)要成分是(shi)氧(yang)化硅,所以(yi)能呈現(xian)出純(chun)凈的(de)天青色。汝(ru)窯以(yi)溫(wen)潤的(de)天青釉色被(bei)譽為青瓷之冠,風格獨具(ju)。因傳世極少,彌足珍貴(gui),目前全世界典藏不足70件。
一(yi)種(zhong)種(zhong)植水仙用的器具,也可作裝(zhuang)飾(shi)品。