“清淮綠梭”茶屬綠茶類,是由河南省南陽(yang)市桐柏縣(xian)經作站的(de)茶葉技術人員根據綠茶的(de)制作原理和(he)名茶色、香、味、形(xing)俱(ju)佳并(bing)有自身特(te)色的(de)質量要(yao)求(qiu),通過反復操作和(he)對比總(zong)結(jie)研制而(er)成(cheng)的(de)。
外形特點:梭狀扁形。
品質特征:條索緊秀,形狀(zhuang)如梭、色澤翠綠,光潤(run)勻(yun)齊,湯色清(qing)澈(che),香氣純(chun)正,滋味醇厚,葉(xie)底(di)嫩綠勻(yun)凈。
獨特品質:由于(yu)制作清淮綠梭時采用了“高溫(wen)殺青,先(xian)高后低(di),炒烘結合(he),變溫(wen)整形干燥”的獨特工藝,使該茶兼具玉葉、毛尖兩類茶的優(you)點,明(ming)顯存在(zai)著顏色翠、香氣濃(nong)、滋味醇、湯色亮的獨到品質風(feng)韻(yun)。
1、潔(jie)凈茶(cha)具。準備(bei)好茶(cha)壺,茶(cha)杯等茶(cha)具,將開水(shui)沖(chong)入茶(cha)壺,搖(yao)晃(huang)幾下,在注(zhu)入茶(cha)杯中,將茶(cha)杯中的(de)水(shui)旋(xuan)轉倒入廢水(shui)孟,潔(jie)凈了茶(cha)具又溫熱了茶(cha)具。
2、將清淮(huai)綠梭投入茶壺(hu)(hu)待泡。茶葉用量按壺(hu)(hu)大小而定,一(yi)般每(mei)克(ke)茶沖50-60毫升水。
3、將高溫的(de)開水(shui)先以逆(ni)時針方向旋轉(zhuan)高沖(chong)入壺,待水(shui)沒過茶葉后(hou)(hou),改為直流(liu)沖(chong)水(shui),最后(hou)(hou)用手腕(wan)抖動(dong),使水(shui)壺有(you)節(jie)奏地(di)三起三落(luo)將壺注滿,用壺蓋刮去壺口水(shui)面的(de)浮沫。茶葉再(zai)壺中沖(chong)泡3分鐘左右將茶壺中的(de)茶低斟(zhen)入茶杯,清淮綠梭茶就沖(chong)泡好了(le)。
1、準備蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan),數量依(yi)照具(ju)體情況需(xu)要而定,隨后清潔蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)。將蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)一字排開(kai),把蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)掀開(kai),斜擱(ge)在碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)托右(you)側,依(yi)次向(xiang)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)中(zhong)注入開(kai)水(shui),少量就可(ke)以了,用右(you)手(shou)(shou)把碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)稍加傾(qing)斜蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)在蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)上,雙(shuang)手(shou)(shou)持碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)身,雙(shuang)手(shou)(shou)拇指(zhi)按住(zhu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)鈕,輕輕旋(xuan)轉蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)三(san)圈,將洗杯水(shui)從蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)和碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)身之間的縫隙中(zhong)倒(dao)出,放回碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)托上,右(you)手(shou)(shou)再次將碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)掀開(kai)斜擱(ge)于碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)托右(you)側,其(qi)余蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)同樣方(fang)法進行潔具(ju),同樣達到潔具(ju)和溫熱茶具(ju)的目的。
2、將(jiang)清淮綠梭依次撥入茶碗中待泡(pao)。一(yi)般來說,一(yi)只(zhi)普通蓋碗大概需要(yao)放2克(ke)干(gan)茶,隨(sui)即(ji)倒熱(re)水沖泡(pao)即(ji)可(ke)。
清淮綠梭(suo)茶(cha)制作工藝流程主要包括:鮮葉(xie)采摘-攤(tan)放-殺青(qing)-整形-干燥等幾個工序:
鮮葉采摘:要想(xiang)制作高檔“清淮綠梭”茶,采摘必須要求原料嫩,均(jun)勻一(yi)致。標準是:幼嫩的一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)葉和(he)一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)二葉初展,芽(ya)(ya)(ya)葉大小一(yi)致,色澤均(jun)勻,且無(wu)紫芽(ya)(ya)(ya)葉、病蟲害葉、單片葉、破(po)碎葉和(he)變質葉。
攤放:采摘后的(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)要及時(shi)(shi)攤晾4—6小(xiao)時(shi)(shi),使(shi)其失去部分水分,葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片萎縮后再殺青(qing),易(yi)殺透殺勻,避(bi)免紅梗紅葉(xie)(xie)(xie),葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片的(de)(de)萎縮還可(ke)增加茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)韌(ren)性,使(shi)殺青(qing)過程中(zhong)(zhong),茶(cha)(cha)汁不易(yi)被擠出,保持成(cheng)茶(cha)(cha)翠綠(lv)的(de)(de)色澤,同(tong)時(shi)(shi),還可(ke)使(shi)鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)中(zhong)(zhong)顯青(qing)草氣的(de)(de)化學成(cheng)份得以揮(hui)發和轉化,改善(shan)成(cheng)茶(cha)(cha)香氣的(de)(de)純度。
殺青:殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)要掌握(wo)(wo)殺(sha)(sha)快、殺(sha)(sha)勻、殺(sha)(sha)透的原則,避免出(chu)現(xian)紅、焦、悶,殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)的關鍵是要控制好殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)鍋溫。每鍋投葉(xie)量(liang)250—300g,鮮(xian)葉(xie)剛下鍋時(shi)鍋溫掌握(wo)(wo)在100—120℃(葉(xie)下鍋后有(you)連續的炒芝(zhi)麻爆聲),開始轉入整(zheng)形,殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)時(shi)間約3—4分(fen)鐘(zhong)。
整形:當(dang)殺青至(zhi)葉質變軟,稍有(you)粘性,葉面(mian)失(shi)去光(guang)澤,呈暗綠色,茶梗(geng)折(zhe)而不(bu)(bu)斷時開(kai)始(shi)整形(xing),整形(xing)鍋溫80℃,整形(xing)手法(fa)是由(you)按(an)、捺(na)、抖、帶、甩幾個動作巧妙配合完成(cheng),整形(xing)過程(cheng)用力輕一(yi)重(zhong)一(yi)輕,先是以理條(tiao)為主,按(an)、捺(na)用力要輕,待葉不(bu)(bu)粘時逐步加重(zhong)壓成(cheng)梭形(xing),成(cheng)形(xing)后(hou)鍋溫降至(zhi)60℃,待八成(cheng)干(gan)后(hou)出鍋上(shang)烘干(gan)燥。整形(xing)時間約14—16分(fen)鐘。
干燥:“清淮綠梭”茶干燥工(gong)序(xu)采用(yong)的(de)是用(yong)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)籠(long)炭火(huo)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)焙(bei)的(de)辦法。分初(chu)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、攤放(fang)、復烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)三步完成(cheng)(cheng)。初(chu)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)每(mei)籠(long)用(yong)6—7鍋的(de)投葉量(liang),溫度80℃,每(mei)隔5分鐘(zhong)左右(you)翻烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)一次,時(shi)間(jian)17—18分鐘(zhong),初(chu)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)結束(shu)后下(xia)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)攤放(fang),4小時(shi)后再(zai)進行復烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),復烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)溫度55℃,每(mei)籠(long)放(fang)初(chu)烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉1.5公(gong)斤左右(you),烘(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)至足干(含水量(liang)6%以(yi)下(xia),用(yong)手捻可成(cheng)(cheng)粉(fen)末狀)。
篩選:毛茶(cha)制成后還必須(xu)經過精選(xuan),挑去(qu)大(da)片、茶(cha)梗和其它雜質,篩去(qu)碎末,精選(xuan)后的(de)茶(cha)葉即為成品“清淮(huai)綠梭”茶(cha)。