慕(mu)容姓《三(san)國志·鮮卑(bei)傳》中提到,漢桓帝時,鮮卑(bei)分為中、東、西三(san)部(bu)(bu),中部(bu)(bu)大夫柯最闕,居慕(mu)容寺。歷史上的(de)鮮卑(bei)族在今(jin)內蒙西拉木倫河與洮兒河之間。慕(mu)容氏的(de)發(fa)源地和老家便(bian)在這里。
源于鮮卑(bei)族(zu),出自漢(han)朝時期鮮卑(bei)中(zhong)部大人(ren)慕容,屬于以官職稱(cheng)謂漢(han)化為氏。傳說,在(zai)東漢(han)桓帝執政時期,鮮卑(bei)民族(zu)分(fen)為中(zhong)、東、西(xi)三部,其中(zhong)部首領大人(ren)叫柯最闕(que),居(ju)慕容寺,后因以為姓(xing)氏,稱(cheng)慕容氏。
出自(zi)秦漢(han)時期鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族(zu)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong),屬于(yu)以(yi)(yi)部落首領名(ming)號(hao)稱(cheng)(cheng)謂為氏。據史籍《通志·氏族(zu)略(lve)》記載(zai),慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏出自(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)古時期,世代居(ju)于(yu)東(dong)北(bei)地區,秦、漢(han)之際(ji)被稱(cheng)(cheng)作“東(dong)北(bei)夷(yi)”。這(zhe)個“東(dong)北(bei)夷(yi)”是(shi)古代東(dong)胡(hu)(hu)民族(zu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)一(yi)個分支,在(zai)漢(han)高祖劉邦元年(公(gong)元前(qian)206年)秦、漢(han)之際(ji),東(dong)胡(hu)(hu)被匈奴擊散,之后(hou)該(gai)支族(zu)人遷(qian)徙棲息于(yu)以(yi)(yi)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)山為核心的(de)一(yi)帶地區,即今(jin)內(nei)蒙自(zi)治區的(de)西(xi)拉(la)木倫河與吉林省的(de)洮(tao)兒河之間,該(gai)部族(zu)首領在(zai)東(dong)漢(han)時期建立了一(yi)個“鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)國”,因此號(hao)稱(cheng)(cheng)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族(zu)。傳說(shuo),這(zhe)位鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)國主自(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)“慕(mu)(mu)二儀之道(dao),繼(ji)三(san)光之容(rong)(rong)”,因此以(yi)(yi)“慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)”為稱(cheng)(cheng)號(hao),稱(cheng)(cheng)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)單(dan)于(yu),其鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)國在(zai)后(hou)來被稱(cheng)(cheng)作鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部,部族(zu)人等因稱(cheng)(cheng)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏,此后(hou)世代相(xiang)傳。
慕(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)的發(fa)源地就在(zai)斯(si)地,故慕(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)族人皆(jie)尊(zun)奉慕(mu)容(rong)單于為得姓始祖。
源(yuan)于鮮卑(bei)族(zu)(zu)(zu),出自三國時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)鮮卑(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong),屬(shu)于以(yi)(yi)部(bu)落(luo)名(ming)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)氏(shi)。在(zai)三國時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),鮮卑(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)領(ling)(ling)莫(mo)護跋率領(ling)(ling)族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)遷居遼(liao)西地區,后(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)曾追隨司馬懿(yi)征討在(zai)遼(liao)東(dong)地區割(ge)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公孫(sun)淵,立下戰功,被封(feng)為(wei)(wei)率義(yi)王(wang)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)莫(mo)護跋在(zai)荊城北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(今河(he)北(bei)(bei)昌黎)建立起一個部(bu)落(luo)聯盟。據說(shuo),當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漢族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)流行戴步搖冠(一種帶有懸垂裝飾(shi)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帽子),莫(mo)護跋見(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)很(hen)是喜歡,也(ye)做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)一頂(ding),整天戴在(zai)頭上(shang)。部(bu)落(luo)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮卑(bei)族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)見(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)這種打扮(ban),都稱(cheng)他(ta)(ta)為(wei)(wei)“步搖”。因當(dang)地語言“步搖”同“慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)”讀音(yin)相(xiang)近,所以(yi)(yi)傳到后(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)就成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)“慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)”,之后(hou)(hou)(hou)莫(mo)護跋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)們便干脆(cui)以(yi)(yi)此稱(cheng)謂作為(wei)(wei)部(bu)落(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱(cheng),并以(yi)(yi)此為(wei)(wei)部(bu)落(luo)王(wang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)世(shi)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姓氏(shi)。到了(le)(le)(le)西晉時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),莫(mo)護跋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)(hou)代(dai)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆占領(ling)(ling)了(le)(le)(le)燕北(bei)(bei)、遼(liao)東(dong)一帶廣大(da)地區,自稱(cheng)鮮卑(bei)大(da)單(dan)于。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子叫慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)皝,是一個具有雄才大(da)略的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)物,他(ta)(ta)創(chuang)建了(le)(le)(le)前燕國,從此正式以(yi)(yi)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)為(wei)(wei)姓氏(shi),隋唐以(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou),慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)多(duo)有省文簡改為(wei)(wei)單(dan)性慕(mu)氏(shi)、容(rong)(rong)氏(shi)者,皆世(shi)代(dai)相(xiang)傳。
在東(dong)晉十(shi)六國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期,慕(mu)容氏家(jia)族在北方地區(qu)先(xian)后(hou)建立(li)了(le)四(si)大燕(yan)國(guo)(guo),即前燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)、后(hou)燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)、西燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)、南燕(yan)國(guo)(guo),持(chi)續輝煌了(le)七(qi)十(shi)余年的(de)歷(li)史。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)單(dan)于(yu)(yu)、莫(mo)護跋、慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)廆(hui)。據《三國志·鮮(xian)卑(bei)傳》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記載,漢桓(huan)帝時,鮮(xian)卑(bei)分為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、東、西(xi)三部,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部大(da)夫(fu)柯最闕,居慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)寺(si)。歷(li)史上的鮮(xian)卑(bei)族發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)今內蒙(meng)自治區西(xi)拉木(mu)倫河(he)與(yu)洮兒(er)河(he)之間,慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏的發(fa)源(yuan)地也在那里,故慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏后人奉單(dan)于(yu)(yu)為慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)姓(xing)(xing)的得姓(xing)(xing)始祖(zu)。
慕(mu)容(rong)復姓在(zai)中(zhong)國的大陸(lu)和臺灣省均未列入百(bai)家(jia)姓前(qian)一百(bai)位,不過,在(zai)宋(song)版《百(bai)家(jia)姓》中(zhong)排序(xu)為第(di)四百(bai)三十(shi)六位,在(zai)復姓中(zhong)排序(xu)為第(di)二十(shi)八位。
慕容本是鮮卑族的一個部落名(ming)稱,三國(guo)時首領莫護跋率(lv)族人遷至遼西建國(guo),號鮮卑,在(zai)涉歸做單(dan)于時自(zi)云:“慕二儀(古指天地)之德,繼三光(日月星)之容”,因此以慕容為姓。
在漢(han)(han)桓帝時,鮮卑(bei)分而治之,分地中(zhong),東(dong),西三區(qu),中(zhong)部由(you)柯(ke)最闕統治,他(ta)居住(zhu)在慕容(rong)(rong)寺,故更姓為(wei)慕容(rong)(rong)。相傳(chuan)莫護跋在棘(ji)城北建國(guo)時,很(hen)喜歡(huan)北方漢(han)(han)人(ren)當時很(hen)流行的(de)步(bu)搖(yao)冠(guan)(帶有墜飾的(de)帽子),也叫人(ren)做了一頂,整(zheng)天(tian)戴(dai)在頭上。鮮卑(bei)人(ren)因此戲稱之“步(bu)搖(yao)”。而由(you)于(yu)語音與(yu)慕容(rong)(rong)相似,后即(ji)訛傳(chuan)為(wei)慕容(rong)(rong)。他(ta)的(de)后人(ren)就將(jiang)錯就錯,將(jiang)部落改稱慕容(rong)(rong)。
西晉時期(qi),慕容氏族人建立(li)了燕國,正式以慕容為姓(xing)氏。在(zai)東晉到十六國時期(qi),燕國曾鼎盛(sheng)一時,在(zai)北方建有前(qian)燕,后燕,南(nan)燕,西燕等國,慕容姓(xing)氏得(de)到了很廣泛地(di)流傳。
今(jin)江(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)焦作市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫縣(xian)(xian)、開封市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、葉縣(xian)(xian)、許昌市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮平縣(xian)(xian)、平頂山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中牟(mou)縣(xian)(xian),廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高要市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、新會區、臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、珠海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳川市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、信宜市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、化(hua)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、電白(bai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、陽(yang)(yang)(yang)江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南(nan)海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、番禺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、順德(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沈(shen)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、朝陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、營口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、丹東(dong)(dong)(dong)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鳳城區,山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、煙(yan)臺(tai)(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棲霞縣(xian)(xian)、榮成市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、蓬萊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒(ju)縣(xian)(xian),廣(guang)(guang)西(xi)壯族(zu)(zu)自(zi)治區南(nan)寧市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、龍(long)川縣(xian)(xian),甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)慶(qing)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)安(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳堡縣(xian)(xian)、綏德(de)縣(xian)(xian),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)邵陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綏寧縣(xian)(xian)、瀏陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),黑龍(long)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)哈爾濱市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鶴(he)崗市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)涿州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、邯鄲(dan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、利辛縣(xian)(xian),云南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大理(li)白(bai)族(zu)(zu)自(zi)治州(zhou)(zhou),貴州(zhou)(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)六(liu)枝(zhi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),內蒙古自(zi)治區的(de)(de)(de)(de)赤(chi)峰市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、烏海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成都市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)太原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)邵陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),吉林省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)吉林市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重(zhong)慶(qing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)津縣(xian)(xian),北京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),臺(tai)(tai)灣(wan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),香港特別行政區,新加(jia)坡等(deng)地,均有(you)慕(mu)容(rong)氏族(zu)(zu)人分布。
2022年(nian)1月(yue)24日(ri),公安部戶政管理(li)研(yan)究中心發布2021年(nian)全國姓名報告。根據(ju)報告,慕容姓分(fen)布最(zui)多的省份是廣(guang)東(70.94%)。
敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)郡(jun):西漢朝元鼎六年(庚午,公元前111年),漢武帝劉徹將敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)郡(jun)從酒泉郡(jun)分(fen)出來置郡(jun),治(zhi)所(suo)在今甘肅省敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang),其(qi)時(shi)下(xia)轄敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)縣(xian)(xian)、龍勒縣(xian)(xian)、效谷縣(xian)(xian)、廣至縣(xian)(xian)、淵泉縣(xian)(xian)、冥安縣(xian)(xian)等六個縣(xian)(xian),是為敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)設治(zhi)之(zhi)始(shi)。敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)郡(jun)據有陽關、玉(yu)門關,與酒泉郡(jun)、武威郡(jun)、張(zhang)掖郡(jun)并稱河西四郡(jun)。張(zhang)騫(qian)兩次出使(shi)西域(yu),開通(tong)了連結東西方的“絲(si)綢(chou)之(zhi)路”,敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)成為商(shang)旅必經的絲(si)路重鎮和通(tong)往西方的三條線路的交匯點,并以此(ci)奠定了敦(dun)(dun)煌(huang)(huang)在中(zhong)國歷史上的特(te)殊地位(wei)。
雁門郡(jun)(jun):戰國時(shi)期(qi)(qi)趙(zhao)國趙(zhao)武靈王置(zhi)郡(jun)(jun),秦朝(chao)(chao)、漢朝(chao)(chao)沿用,治(zhi)所在善無(wu)(今(jin)山(shan)(shan)西右玉),其時(shi)轄地在今(jin)山(shan)(shan)西省河(he)曲(qu)、五寨、寧武、代縣(xian)(xian)一帶。東漢時(shi)期(qi)(qi)移治(zhi)到陰館(今(jin)山(shan)(shan)西代縣(xian)(xian)),此后多以雁門為郡(jun)(jun)、道、縣(xian)(xian)建制戍守。雁門關之稱,始自(zi)唐(tang)朝(chao)(chao)初期(qi)(qi),因(yin)北(bei)方突厥崛起(qi),屢有內犯,唐(tang)朝(chao)(chao)駐軍于雁門山(shan)(shan),于制高點鐵(tie)裹門設關城,戍卒防守。
遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)郡(jun):在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)上(shang),“遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)”這個稱謂有四(si)重意思:①郡(jun)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)名,戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)時期(qi)(qi)燕國(guo)(guo)(guo)置(zhi)郡(jun),洽所在襄平(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)),其時轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)在今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省(sheng)大凌河(he)(he)以東(dong)(dong)(dong)一帶地(di)(di)區(qu);西(xi)(xi)晉時期(qi)(qi)改為國(guo)(guo)(guo);十六國(guo)(guo)(guo)時期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)后(hou)燕末地(di)(di)入東(dong)(dong)(dong)海郡(jun);北燕時期(qi)(qi)又復置(zhi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)郡(jun)于今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)一帶地(di)(di)區(qu);北齊時期(qi)(qi)廢(fei)黜(chu);到東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)安帝時分遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)、遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)郡(jun)地(di)(di)置(zhi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)屬國(guo)(guo)(guo)都尉,治(zhi)所在昌(chang)黎(今(jin)(jin)義縣),其時轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)在今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)大凌河(he)(he)中(zhong)下游一帶;三國(guo)(guo)(guo)時期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)曹魏改為昌(chang)黎郡(jun)。②都司名,明(ming)朝(chao)洪(hong)武四(si)年(nian)(nian)(辛亥,公元1371年(nian)(nian))置(zhi)定遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)都衛,明(ming)朝(chao)洪(hong)武八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(乙卯,公元1375年(nian)(nian))改為遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)都司,治(zhi)所在定遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)衛(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)),其時轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)為今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省(sheng)大部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu);自明(ming)正(zheng)統(tong)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)因兀良哈諸族(zu)南(nan)移,漸失遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)套(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)中(zhong)游兩(liang)岸地(di)(di));從明(ming)朝(chao)天(tian)啟元年(nian)(nian)~崇禎(zhen)十五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(辛酉(you)~壬午,公元1621~1642年(nian)(nian))期(qi)(qi)間(jian),全境為后(hou)金(清)所并。③軍鎮名,明(ming)朝(chao)“九邊”之一,相當于遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)都司的(de)(de)轄(xia)(xia)境,主要(yao)是鎮守總兵官駐(zhu)廣寧(ning)(ning)(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)北鎮),明(ming)朝(chao)隆慶元年(nian)(nian)(丁卯,公元1567年(nian)(nian))后(hou)冬季則移駐(zhu)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang));明(ming)朝(chao)末期(qi)(qi)廢(fei)黜(chu)。④地(di)(di)區(qu)名,泛指遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)以東(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)區(qu)。
敦煌堂:以望立堂。
雁門堂:以望立堂。
遼東(dong)堂(tang):以望立堂(tang)。慕容廆占領燕北、遼東(dong)一帶,自(zi)稱鮮卑大單于(yu),歸屬(shu)于(yu)晉朝(chao)。晉朝(chao)太興初年封(feng)他為(wei)“遼東(dong)公”,慕容氏因(yin)以“遼東(dong)”為(wei)堂(tang)號(hao)。
山東榮成(cheng)慕容氏宗譜(pu),著者(zhe)待考,民國年間木刻活字印本。現被收藏在山東省威海市人大主任馬世和處。
廣(guang)東高(gao)要慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)大(da)宗族譜,(現代)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)遇益始(shi)修(xiu),慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)瑞湖(hu)續修(xiu),白粗布手寫版。現被收(shou)藏在廣(guang)東省高(gao)要市白土(tu)鎮(zhen)慕(mu)(mu)村(cun)村(cun)委會、三燕文化(hua)研究會的孟昭凱(kai)處。注:據說該支慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)為(wei)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)紹(shao)奕嫡系后裔。
甘肅慶陽、西峰、鎮(zhen)原慕容(rong)氏合譜,(現(xian)代)闔(he)族(zu)編修,2005年計算機排(pai)印本。現(xian)被收藏(zang)在甘肅省圖書館(guan)。
山(shan)東榮成慕容(rong)氏字(zi)輩:“德善光家國恩榮慶世昌(chang)”。
山東莒縣慕容氏(shi)字輩:“成宏(hong)光振德(de)慶禮堯(yao)春(chun)希”。
陜(shan)西吳(wu)堡(bao)慕容氏字輩:“天希(xi)文中錫汝生(sheng)明建浩學(xue)海(hai)春云問(wen)吉(ji)成”。
吉林梅河(he)口慕容氏字輩:“明(ming)宏東有成本士常全(quan)宗德繼文(wen)嘉俊學海詠苑功。
雙(shuang)楠(nan)居士;三品中書(shu):上聯典(dian)指北(bei)宋(song)(song)朝(chao)時期(qi)的慕容(rong)暉,曾(ceng)與蘇軾(shi)有(you)過交往,嗜酒而喜(xi)歡(huan)吟詩(shi),他(ta)家有(you)兩(liang)株楠(nan)木,被人(ren)稱為雙(shuang)楠(nan)居士。下聯典(dian)指北(bei)宋(song)(song)朝(chao)時期(qi)的太(tai)(tai)原人(ren)慕容(rong)延釗,字化龍,后周時,官北(bei)面行營馬步軍都(dou)(dou)虞,與趙匡胤關系很好。趙建(jian)北(bei)宋(song)(song),命他(ta)以重兵鎮守北(bei)方,后任殿前都(dou)(dou)檢點、同中書(shu)門(men)下三品(宰相(xiang))。建(jian)隆(long)年間出任湖(hu)南(nan)道行營前軍都(dou)(dou)部署,平定湖(hu)南(nan)周保權、荊南(nan)高(gao)繼沖等人(ren)的叛亂(luan),加檢討太(tai)(tai)尉(wei)。
推(tui)命(ming)世(shi)器;授(shou)冠將軍:上(shang)聯典(dian)指(zhi)前燕朝(chao)時期的(de)慕容廆謁(ye)張華(hua),華(hua)異之曰:“命(ming)世(shi)器也。”下聯典(dian)指(zhi)后燕朝(chao)時期的(de)慕容垂投(tou)奔(ben)苻堅,堅待(dai)以國土,授(shou)冠將軍,封(feng)賓都侯。
器(qi)堪名世;志(zhi)在凌霄(xiao):上(shang)聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)前燕朝(chao)時期的慕容廆。下聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)后(hou)燕朝(chao)時期的慕容垂被(bei)苻堅重用(yong),后(hou)苻堅敗于(yu)晉,慕容垂遂叛秦(qin)稱帝(di)于(yu)中(zhong)山,國號后(hou)燕。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)恪(公元?~366年),鮮卑族,字玄恭,前(qian)燕主慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)皝(huang)之子(zi);昌黎(li)棘城(cheng)(今遼寧義縣(xian))。著名東晉十(shi)六國時期前(qian)燕政治家、軍(jun)事家。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)恪是前(qian)燕王慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)皝(huang)的第四子(zi),慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)恪“幼而謹厚(hou),沈深(shen)有大度”。因其母高氏(shi)不被寵愛,所(suo)以一直不為慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)皝(huang)所(suo)注意。
慕容隆(公元(yuan)?~397年(nian)),鮮卑族(zu);昌黎棘城人(今(jin)遼寧義縣(xian))。著(zhu)名(ming)十六國時期后燕(yan)將領。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)三藏(zang)(公元544~611年待考(kao)),燕人。著名(ming)隋朝大臣。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)三藏(zang)的(de)父親是(shi)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)紹宗,《北(bei)(bei)史(shi)》第五十三卷(juan)中(zhong)(zhong)有傳。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)紹宗承襲祖、父而任(ren)職于北(bei)(bei)魏(wei),封(feng)索盧侯,任(ren)北(bei)(bei)魏(wei)后期權(quan)臣爾朱兆(zhao)(zhao)的(de)長史(shi),朱兆(zhao)(zhao)失敗后轉投北(bei)(bei)齊高氏(shi)。先后掌管府庫、圖籍諸事,任(ren)青(qing)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)、御史(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)丞、徐州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)、尚書左仆射、東南(nan)道行臺(為擊(ji)討(tao)侯景(jing)而設)、南(nan)道行臺(為抗擊(ji)西魏(wei)王思政設)等職。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)三藏(zang)的(de)后人,史(shi)籍中(zhong)(zhong)只提到其(qi)孫慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)知廉,任(ren)唐雍州(zhou)涇陽縣尉。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)知廉之(zhi)父是(shi)否就是(shi)上(shang)文中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)遐(xia)(xia),不(bu)好斷言,因為慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)遐(xia)(xia)只是(shi)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)三藏(zang)的(de)兒子之(zhi)一,慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)知廉與慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)遐(xia)(xia)的(de)關系是(shi)父子還是(shi)叔侄,現有的(de)材料(liao)還不(bu)能確定(ding)。
慕容(rong)延(yan)(yan)(yan)釗(zhao)(公元908~964年(nian)),字化龍(long);山(shan)西(xi)太原人。著名五代(dai)(dai)(dai)、宋初將領(ling)(ling)。慕容(rong)延(yan)(yan)(yan)釗(zhao)出身(shen)將門,他的父親慕容(rong)章官(guan)至襄州(zhou)馬(ma)步軍都(dou)校(xiao),領(ling)(ling)開州(zhou)刺史。慕容(rong)延(yan)(yan)(yan)釗(zhao)在少年(nian)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)就以勇敢(gan)干練(lian)聞聲,后(hou)漢時他為樞密使郭威的部(bu)下(xia)。郭威代(dai)(dai)(dai)漢建(jian)周后(hou),他被補為西(xi)頭供奉(feng)官(guan),歷(li)尚食(shi)副(fu)使、鐵(tie)騎都(dou)虞候,后(hou)周世宗繼位(wei)后(hou),改任殿前散指揮(hui)使都(dou)校(xiao)、領(ling)(ling)溪州(zhou)刺史。慕容(rong)延(yan)(yan)(yan)釗(zhao)戎馬(ma)一生,他善于攻伐,南征(zheng)北戰,以軍事統(tong)帥的身(shen)份參加了后(hou)周和北宋幾次主要的統(tong)一戰爭(zheng),并立(li)下(xia)顯赫戰功。
慕容彥超(生(sheng)卒年(nian)待考),五代時后(hou)周(zhou)(zhou)將(jiang)軍,曾任兗州(今山東滋陽)節度使,后(hou)叛周(zhou)(zhou)兵敗自殺。
慕(mu)容(rong)農(公元?~398年),鮮卑族;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧(ning)義(yi)縣)。著名十六(liu)國時期后(hou)燕將(jiang)領。慕(mu)容(rong)農是后(hou)燕開國皇帝慕(mu)容(rong)垂之(zhi)子,他與慕(mu)容(rong)隆一(yi)樣,是慕(mu)容(rong)垂的愛姬所(suo)生。
慕(mu)容翰(公元?~344年),鮮(xian)卑族,字元邕;昌黎棘(ji)城人(ren)(今(jin)遼寧義(yi)縣)。著名十六國時期前燕將(jiang)領。慕(mu)容翰為鮮(xian)卑族領袖慕(mu)容廆的(de)長子,慕(mu)容翰“性(xing)雄豪,多權略(lve),猿臂(bei)工射,膂力(li)過(guo)人(ren)。”慕(mu)容廆甚是驚(jing)奇,遂委以重任。
慕容楚強:生(sheng)于一八九(jiu)四(si)年十月(yue)二十七日(ri),家中五兄(xiong)弟(di)排(pai)行老大,從小聰(cong)穎好學,能(neng)文善武,剛正不阿,常為人打抱不平,伸張正義,被譽為“翻(fan)天印”。
慕容浩然(ran):出生于(yu)一個貧苦的(de)農(nong)民家(jia)(jia)庭。初小畢業后(hou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)家(jia)(jia)務農(nong)。1930年(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)家(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)參加(jia)農(nong)民赤衛軍(jun)(jun)。后(hou)因斗爭環(huan)境極(ji)其(qi)險惡,被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)送到(dao)(dao)湘(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)縣城(cheng)一家(jia)(jia)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)布廠(chang)學織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)布,并改姓羅。1938年(nian),辭職回(hui)到(dao)(dao)家(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)瀏陽(yang)高田慕家(jia)(jia)沖參加(jia)抗(kang)日(ri)救(jiu)亡運動。不(bu)久(jiu),加(jia)入中國共產黨(dang)(dang),并任(ren)高田鄉(xiang)(xiang)黨(dang)(dang)支部(bu)書記。常利用自己(ji)的(de)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)布手藝,走鄉(xiang)(xiang)串(chuan)村,秘密從(cong)事恢復和(he)發展黨(dang)(dang)的(de)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工作。1945年(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平江參加(jia)王震領導的(de)南下支隊(后(hou)改名(ming)國民革(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)湖南抗(kang)日(ri)救(jiu)國軍(jun)(jun))。為擴大抗(kang)日(ri)力(li)量,自告奮勇(yong)返回(hui)瀏陽(yang)動員青年(nian)參軍(jun)(jun)。途(tu)中,曾(ceng)一度被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)國民黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)隊扣留(liu),遭受毒(du)打,始(shi)終嚴(yan)守(shou)機密。被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)保釋回(hui)家(jia)(jia)后(hou),仍積(ji)極(ji)設(she)法完成任(ren)務,并順利返回(hui)部(bu)隊。不(bu)久(jiu),被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)安排到(dao)(dao)湖北夏陵軍(jun)(jun)政學校學習。后(hou)回(hui)原部(bu)隊任(ren)偵察員。曾(ceng)多次深入敵占區偵察情(qing)況,參加(jia)搗毀偽軍(jun)(jun)駐點,襲擊(ji)日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)輜重車輛等戰斗。同年(nian)9月,隨部(bu)北上途(tu)中在(zai)(zai)(zai)河南光(guang)(guang)山(shan)縣分別與兩股拒降的(de)日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)展開激(ji)戰時(shi),左手和(he)右(you)腿(tui)先后(hou)中彈負(fu)傷(shang),遂被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)當地農(nong)民家(jia)(jia)養傷(shang)。不(bu)久(jiu),被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)國民黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)隊搜查出逮(dai)捕,殺害于(yu)光(guang)(guang)山(shan)縣郊。
慕容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)(hui)(hui)(公元269年(nian)~333年(nian)),燕(yan)國(guo)實際締造者,西晉時(shi),慕容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)(hui)(hui)被封為(wei)(wei)鮮卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)都督,是晉國(guo)的一個軍官,他(ta)率本(ben)部(bu)人(ren)馬居遼東(dong)境,與段鮮卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和宇(yu)文鮮卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)鄰。慕容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)(hui)(hui)與段鮮卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)結為(wei)(wei)婚姻,同時(shi)大(da)破(po)宇(yu)文鮮卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei),聲(sheng)勢(shi)曰益壯大(da)。八王之亂時(shi),自(zi)稱大(da)單于,由于中原大(da)亂,許多晉朝官民前去(qu)遼東(dong),慕容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)(hui)(hui)設立郡縣,開(kai)辦學(xue)校,教以農桑(sang),使世子(zi)慕容(rong)(rong)皝等入學(xue)讀書。孫慕容(rong)(rong)俊稱帝后,追尊慕容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)(hui)(hui)為(wei)(wei)武宣(xuan)皇帝。
慕容皝(公元297~348年(nian)(nian)),鮮卑族,字(zi)元真,小字(zi)萬年(nian)(nian),鮮卑族領袖慕容炅第(di)三子;昌黎(li)棘(ji)城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六國時期前燕開(kai)國皇(huang)帝,軍事統(tong)帥,前燕太祖文(wen)明皇(huang)帝。在(zai)位時間從公元337~348年(nian)(nian)為期十二年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)五十二歲。
慕容(rong)俊(公元317~360年(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族,字宣英,慕容(rong)皝第(di)二子;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六(liu)國時期前燕第(di)二位皇(huang)帝,前燕烈祖(zu)景昭(zhao)皇(huang)帝。在(zai)位時間從(cong)公元348~360年(nian)為期十三年(nian),終年(nian)四十三歲。
慕容(rong)暐(公元(yuan)350年(nian)—384年(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族(zu),慕容(rong)俊(jun)第三子;昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧義(yi)縣)。著(zhu)名十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)時期前燕(yan)第二位(wei)皇(huang)帝(di),前燕(yan)烈(lie)幽皇(huang)帝(di)。在位(wei)時間從公元(yuan)360~370年(nian)為(wei)期十(shi)一年(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)三十(shi)四(si)歲。慕容(rong)俊(jun)立以為(wei)皇(huang)太子,后嗣位(wei),公元(yuan)370年(nian)11月苻堅攻入鄴城,慕容(rong)暐外逃被俘(fu),前燕(yan)國(guo)滅亡(wang)。
慕容(rong)垂(chui)(公元326~396年(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族,昌黎棘城(cheng)人(今遼(liao)寧義縣)。十六(liu)國(guo)時期(qi)后燕(yan)(yan)創建(jian)者,后燕(yan)(yan)世(shi)祖(zu)成武皇帝。在位(wei)時間從公元384~396年(nian)為(wei)期(qi)十三(san)年(nian),終年(nian)七十一歲。慕容(rong)垂(chui)原為(wei)前秦大(da)將,苻(fu)堅慘敗于(yu)淝水之(zhi)戰(zhan)后,慕容(rong)垂(chui)即圖恢(hui)復(fu)燕(yan)(yan)國(guo),于(yu)公
元384年稱燕王,兩年后稱帝,定都于(yu)中山。
慕(mu)容(rong)熙(公元385~408年),鮮卑族,字道文,一字長生,慕(mu)容(rong)垂少子;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧(ning)義縣)。十六(liu)國時(shi)(shi)期后(hou)燕(yan)創建(jian)者,后(hou)燕(yan)昭文皇帝(di)。在位時(shi)(shi)間從公元401~408年為期七年,終年二(er)十三歲。
慕容(rong)德(公(gong)(gong)元335~405年(nian)),鮮卑族,字名備德,字玄(xuan)明,前燕皇(huang)帝慕容(rong)皝之少子,后燕皇(huang)帝慕容(rong)垂之弟;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。十(shi)六國時(shi)期南(nan)燕創建者,南(nan)燕世宗獻武皇(huang)帝。在位時(shi)間從(cong)公(gong)(gong)元398~405年(nian)為期八年(nian),終年(nian)七十(shi)歲。
慕(mu)容超(公(gong)元385~410年(nian)),鮮卑族,慕(mu)容德之(zhi)兄,北海王慕(mu)容納之(zhi)子;昌黎棘(ji)城人(今遼寧義縣)。十六(liu)國時期南燕末(mo)位(wei)皇帝,南燕末(mo)帝。在位(wei)時間從公(gong)元405~410年(nian)為期六(liu)年(nian),終年(nian)二十六(liu)歲。慕(mu)容德立以為太子,慕(mu)容德逝世(shi)后嗣位(wei),公(gong)元410年(nian)為東晉劉(liu)裕所敗(bai),俘送于建康而殺之(zhi),南燕國滅亡。
慕容沖(公(gong)元(yuan)359~386年(nian)),鮮卑族,小字鳳皇,前燕帝慕容俊之子,慕容暐之弟。著名十六國時(shi)期西(xi)燕國皇帝,西(xi)燕威皇帝,在位時(shi)間(jian)從公(gong)元(yuan)385~386年(nian)為期一(yi)年(nian),終年(nian)二(er)十七歲。
慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)永(公元?~394年待考),鮮(xian)卑(bei)族(zu),字叔明,慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部首領慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆其弟慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)運之(zhi)孫(一說為其子(zi)),前燕建立(li)者慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)皝之(zhi)堂侄。著名十六國時(shi)期(qi)西燕國末位皇帝(di),在位時(shi)間從公元385~394年,終年歲數待考。