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大狐姓氏作(zuo)為中國為數不多的稀(xi)有(you)姓氏之一，它的淵源、遷徙(xi)、分布都是有(you)史可循，有(you)據可查的！

姓氏淵源

單一淵(yuan)源：源于姬(ji)(ji)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，出(chu)(chu)自春秋時(shi)(shi)期晉(jin)國大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫狐(hu)突，屬于以先(xian)祖(zu)(zu)名(ming)字為(wei)氏(shi)(shi)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)，為(wei)春秋時(shi)(shi)期晉(jin)國很早即(ji)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)。宋朝時(shi)(shi)期著名(ming)學者鄧名(ming)世在(zai)(zai)《古(gu)今姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)書辯證·去(qu)·十四(si)泰》中(zhong)記載：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)，出(chu)(chu)自姬(ji)(ji)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。晉(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫狐(hu)突，字伯行，文公(gong)重耳外(wai)祖(zu)(zu)父也(ye)，生(sheng)毛及偃，毛生(sheng)溱(zhen)，皆為(wei)晉(jin)卿，別為(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)。”姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)學界(jie)一般認(ren)為(wei)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)本姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)姬(ji)(ji)，因其先(xian)祖(zu)(zu)被(bei)分封在(zai)(zai)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)戎(今山(shan)西(xi)交城一帶)，故改姬(ji)(ji)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)。在(zai)(zai)史籍《左傳》中(zhong)記載，后來晉(jin)獻公(gong)姬(ji)(ji)佹諸(zhu)(公(gong)元前(qian)(qian)676～前(qian)(qian)651年(nian)在(zai)(zai)位)“又(you)娶二女于戎，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)戎狐(hu)姬(ji)(ji)生(sheng)重耳，小戎子生(sheng)夷吾(wu)”。漢朝著名(ming)的(de)(de)史學家(jia)司馬遷也(ye)認(ren)為(wei)，“重耳母，翟之狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)女也(ye)”。不過，當時(shi)(shi)也(ye)有其他民(min)族(zu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)姬(ji)(ji)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)，那么狐(hu)突的(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)姬(ji)(ji)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狐(hu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)著民(min)族(zu)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)宗周后裔？如果是(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)自土(tu)(tu)著民(min)族(zu)，那么到底(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)戎還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)翟？均已(yi)(yi)渺茫難考了(le)。山(shan)西(xi)，為(wei)上(shang)古(gu)唐“帝堯初都”之地(di)(di)(di)，又(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)夏(xia)王朝統治時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)根據地(di)(di)(di)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)到了(le)商末西(xi)周初，該地(di)(di)(di)區已(yi)(yi)經基(ji)本上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)戎、翟(狄(di))、氐(di)、羌(qiang)諸(zhu)民(min)族(zu)出(chu)(chu)沒游牧的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方了(le)。

據(ju)史籍《左傳(chuan)·定(ding)公四年(nian)》中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載，周成王(wang)姬(ji)誦(song)“分唐(tang)叔(shu)(叔(shu)虞)以(yi)(yi)大(da)路(lu)，密(mi)須之(zhi)(zhi)鼓，闕鞏，沽洗，懷(huai)姓九宗，職官五正(zheng)。命(ming)以(yi)(yi)《唐(tang)誥》，而封于(yu)夏(xia)(xia)虛，啟(qi)以(yi)(yi)夏(xia)(xia)政，疆以(yi)(yi)戎索(suo)。”這里(li)的(de)(de)(de)“啟(qi)以(yi)(yi)夏(xia)(xia)政，疆以(yi)(yi)戎索(suo)”，實際上是(shi)就(jiu)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)建國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)初(chu)期的(de)(de)(de)根本治國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)方略(lve)，就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)中(zhong)央政權(quan)的(de)(de)(de)建設上，堅持周王(wang)朝(chao)比較先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)政治制(zhi)(zhi)度，但是(shi)在(zai)地(di)域管理方面又遵循和順(shun)應當地(di)各(ge)個游牧民族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)風俗。在(zai)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建立初(chu)期，真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)宗周貴族(zu)是(shi)不多的(de)(de)(de)，姬(ji)叔(shu)虞當時只帶去了“懷(huai)姓九宗，職官五正(zheng)”等少量姬(ji)姓族(zu)人以(yi)(yi)及一軍(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)卒(凡制(zhi)(zhi)軍(jun)，萬有二千五百(bai)人為一軍(jun))，晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)部分國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人還是(shi)當地(di)土著(zhu)居民。事實上，在(zai)整個春(chun)秋時期，各(ge)諸侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)“胡”風一直是(shi)很濃(nong)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)，從西(xi)周初(chu)期受封于(yu)唐(tang)邑，后改(gai)唐(tang)為晉(jin)(jin)(jin)，建立晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人與(yu)周邊的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個民族(zu)通商、通婚的(de)(de)(de)現象一直就(jiu)十(shi)分普遍，就(jiu)連國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君也不例外(wai)，這與(yu)燕國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、秦(qin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)情況大(da)體相(xiang)同。

大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)，歷代皆為晉(jin)國重臣，傳(chuan)到(dao)歷晉(jin)文(wen)公(gong)姬重耳(公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)636～前(qian)628年在(zai)(zai)位)、晉(jin)襄(xiang)公(gong)姬歡(姬環(huan)，公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)627～前(qian)621年在(zai)(zai)位)、晉(jin)靈公(gong)姬夷(yi)皋(公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)620～前(qian)607年在(zai)(zai)位)三朝(chao)、史(shi)稱晉(jin)國“股(gu)肱”的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)射(she)姑以后(hou)，因其封地在(zai)(zai)賈(今(jin)山西臨汾)，其后(hou)裔子孫(sun)大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)省文(wen)簡改(gai)為單(dan)姓狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)、賈氏(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)復姓就此在(zai)(zai)歷史(shi)上基本消失了。如今(jin)，僅在(zai)(zai)浙江省西南部麗水地區還有極其稀(xi)少的(de)(de)復姓大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)(shi)族人，仍以平陽(今(jin)山西臨汾)為郡望。

得姓始祖

大(da)狐突(姬狐突)。

郡望堂號

郡望

平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)：亦(yi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen)郡(jun)。歷(li)史(shi)上的(de)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)有二(er)：①即今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)省臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen)市(shi)(shi)。西(xi)(xi)漢初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(己亥，公元(yuan)前202年(nian)(nian)(nian))置(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen))。三國(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)曹魏(wei)國(guo)正始(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁(ding)卯，公元(yuan)247年(nian)(nian)(nian))，將(jiang)河東(dong)郡(jun)分出(chu)一部分與(yu)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)并，設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)亦(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen))，其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄地在(zai)(zai)(zai)今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)藿縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以南的(de)汾(fen)河流域及其以西(xi)(xi)地區，境(jing)內為(wei)(wei)司州(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)，轄十縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)(xi)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)仍為(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)，轄十二(er)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)(xi)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)永嘉三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(己巳，公元(yuan)309年(nian)(nian)(nian))初，匈奴(nu)人(ren)劉(liu)淵自蒲子城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(隰(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian))遷都平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)帝建漢，境(jing)內屬之。東(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)先后屬并州(zhou)(zhou)、雍州(zhou)(zhou)和冀(ji)州(zhou)(zhou)；北魏(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)境(jing)內為(wei)(wei)東(dong)雍州(zhou)(zhou)，轄七郡(jun)二(er)十縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；北魏(wei)神(shen)鹿元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊辰，公元(yuan)428年(nian)(nian)(nian))始(shi)筑(zhu)白馬城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen))，因(yin)魏(wei)刑白馬祭(ji)祀天地神(shen)靈筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)而名(ming)。孝昌二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)改(gai)置(zhi)(zhi)唐(tang)州(zhou)(zhou)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(劉(liu)村)；北魏(wei)建義元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊申，公元(yuan)528年(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)，移治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自馬城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，與(yu)郡(jun)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，沿(yan)用至今。②即今山(shan)東(dong)省鄒(zou)(zou)(zou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)。鄒(zou)(zou)(zou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)春秋戰國(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)古稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，是(shi)“鄒(zou)(zou)(zou)魯圣(sheng)地”，為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)儒學發(fa)源(yuan)地。夏王(wang)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)屬九(jiu)州(zhou)(zhou)徐州(zhou)(zhou)之域，秦朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)開始(shi)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)“騶縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”，歷(li)漢、晉(jin)(jin)(jin)、南北朝(chao)，及唐(tang)朝(chao)初期(qi)改(gai)“騶”為(wei)(wei)“鄒(zou)(zou)(zou)”，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“鄒(zou)(zou)(zou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”，沿(yan)襲(xi)至1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月，撤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)市(shi)(shi)，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄒(zou)(zou)(zou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)。大狐(hu)氏(shi)的(de)郡(jun)望為(wei)(wei)①即今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen)。

堂號

平陽堂：以望立堂。

遷徙分布

大狐氏(shi)(shi)復姓(xing)是(shi)一個非常古老(lao)的(de)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)，但在(zai)今(jin)中國(guo)大陸的(de)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)排行榜上未列入百(bai)家姓(xing)前一千位，在(zai)臺灣省(sheng)則沒有。今(jin)浙江省(sheng)西南部的(de)麗(li)水地區，有零星大狐氏(shi)(shi)族人(ren)分布，以平陽(yang)為郡望。人(ren)口(kou)總數不(bu)及一百(bai)，大概屬于人(ren)口(kou)最稀少的(de)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)群體之一了。