公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)兔(tu)又名(ming)(ming)垂(chui)耳兔(tu),因其兩耳長寬而下垂(chui),頭型似(si)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)而得名(ming)(ming),又名(ming)(ming)垂(chui)耳兔(tu),是一種大型的肉(rou)用兔(tu)。該兔(tu)抗病(bing)力強,耐粗飼,性情溫(wen)順,反應遲鈍,不(bu)愛(ai)活動,易(yi)于飼養。公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)兔(tu)肉(rou)質優(you)良,屬(shu)高蛋白、低脂(zhi)肪、少膽固醇的肉(rou)類,質地細(xi)嫩,吃(chi)起(qi)來口感細(xi)嫩香醇。另外,公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)兔(tu)瘦肉(rou)率可達82%。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)兔(tu)(tu)體型(xing)巨大,可算(suan)得(de)上兔(tu)(tu)子里面(mian)的(de)壯(zhuang)漢,它(ta)(ta)體質結(jie)實(shi)、體型(xing)勻稱,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)兔(tu)(tu)被毛顏色多為黃褐色,耳朵大而下(xia)垂,頭(tou)型(xing)粗(cu)大、短而寬,額、鼻結(jie)合處稍微(wei)突(tu)起(qi),形似公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang),臀部豐滿,四肢(zhi)結(jie)實(shi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)兔(tu)(tu)顯得(de)十分敦實(shi),它(ta)(ta)頸部粗(cu)壯(zhuang),成年(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)兔(tu)(tu)體重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在5—8千(qian)克(ke);母(mu)兔(tu)(tu)則顯得(de)秀氣溫順,它(ta)(ta)頸部下(xia)面(mian)有肉瘤(liu),乳頭(tou)5對(dui)以(yi)上,排(pai)列(lie)整齊(qi)、均勻,成年(nian)母(mu)兔(tu)(tu)體重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在5—7千(qian)克(ke)。每窩產(chan)仔5--8頭(tou),初生重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)80克(ke),比(bi)中國家兔(tu)(tu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1倍;40天(tian)(tian)斷(duan)奶體重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)0.85--1.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,90天(tian)(tian)平均體重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2.5--2.75公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。
公羊兔在生(sheng)活習(xi)性(xing)方面具有性(xing)情(qing)溫順、反(fan)應(ying)遲鈍(dun),喜干(gan)愛(ai)潔,怕熱耐寒(han),喜啃硬物等(deng)特(te)點。
性(xing)情溫順,反應(ying)遲鈍:公(gong)羊兔(tu)聽覺一般,對(dui)外界環境(jing)反應(ying)遲鈍,只要(yao)不(bu)是太大的(de)(de)(de)噪聲(sheng)及突(tu)然的(de)(de)(de)刺激(ji)聲(sheng)都(dou)不(bu)會有過大的(de)(de)(de)反應(ying),所以又(you)被稱(cheng)為“傻瓜兔(tu)”。但是對(dui)于夜間(jian)環境(jing)變化反應(ying)靈(ling)敏(min),輕微的(de)(de)(de)噪聲(sheng)及人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)走動都(dou)會使它不(bu)安,發出頓(dun)足的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音,產生的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)激(ji)比較大。因(yin)此,在飼養(yang)管(guan)理中,要(yao)盡(jin)量避免夜間(jian)發出響動,以防止(zhi)(zhi)引起(qi)兔(tu)子驚慌(huang),同時禁止(zhi)(zhi)陌生人(ren)和(he)動物進入兔(tu)舍。
喜干愛潔(jie):干燥和清潔(jie)的環境對公(gong)羊(yang)兔健康十分有利(li),而潮濕、不(bu)(bu)(bu)衛生(sheng)既(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)于夏季(ji)散熱,也不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)于冬季(ji)保溫,還容易感染體內外寄(ji)生(sheng)蟲病。
兔舍內濕度(du)應該盡(jin)量保持(chi)穩定,最適(shi)宜的(de)相(xiang)對濕度(du)為(wei)60~65%。飼養(yang)管理(li)中(zhong),要選擇干燥的(de)地方建籠,并(bing)搞好(hao)通(tong)風設施和清潔衛生,以防引(yin)發疾(ji)病。
怕熱耐寒:公羊兔(tu)的汗腺不發(fa)達,體表又有濃(nong)密的被毛,所以散(san)(san)熱困難,主(zhu)要靠呼吸(xi)散(san)(san)熱。適宜公羊兔(tu)成年兔(tu)生(sheng)長(chang)的氣溫(wen)(wen)是18—20℃,初(chu)生(sheng)仔兔(tu)窩(wo)內溫(wen)(wen)度(du)為30—32℃,幼兔(tu)為20—25℃。夏季(ji)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)季(ji)節,要做好降溫(wen)(wen)防暑工作(zuo)。
喜啃(ken)硬(ying)(ying)物(wu):公(gong)羊兔(tu)有啃(ken)咬硬(ying)(ying)物(wu)的習慣。平時在喂飼中,可(ke)以放一些硬(ying)(ying)物(wu)飼料。在制作兔(tu)籠(long)時,盡(jin)量(liang)不留棱角,以使(shi)公(gong)羊兔(tu)無法啃(ken)咬,以延長兔(tu)籠(long)的使(shi)用年限(xian)。
公(gong)羊(yang)兔(tu)最大缺(que)點是受胎率低,哺乳能力不強。母兔(tu)每窩(wo)平(ping)均產仔8—9只,年產6—7窩(wo)仔。公(gong)羊(yang)兔(tu)公(gong)兔(tu)的(de)初(chu)(chu)配年齡為(wei)(wei)7—8月齡;母兔(tu)的(de)初(chu)(chu)配年齡為(wei)(wei)6月齡。公(gong)羊(yang)兔(tu)種公(gong)兔(tu)和種母兔(tu)的(de)配種使(shi)用(yong)年限均為(wei)(wei)3—4年。
在日(ri)常飼(si)養(yang)管(guan)理(li)上應輕(qing)(qing)手輕(qing)(qing)腳,保(bao)持(chi)安(an)(an)靜環境,因此飼(si)養(yang)者在日(ri)常飼(si)養(yang)管(guan)理(li)上要(yao)(yao)做到輕(qing)(qing)手輕(qing)(qing)腳,保(bao)持(chi)安(an)(an)靜環境,禁止(zhi)生人(ren)或(huo)其他動(dong)物的騷擾(rao)。尤其要(yao)(yao)特別注意環境衛生,定期消(xiao)毒,保(bao)持(chi)籠舍,用具潔凈,從而增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)兔(tu)的體質,減少疾病的發生。做到在公羊兔(tu)的生長繁殖、年齡、性別等不同(tong)階段分群喂養(yang),以便管(guan)理(li),還(huan)要(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)運動(dong),從而促進新陳代(dai)謝(xie),增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)食欲(yu),提高抗(kang)病力。