武功(gong)古城座落在(zai)在(zai)漆(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河、漠峪河、湋(wei)河三水(shui)(shui)(shui)匯合之處,孕(yun)育了(le)中(zhong)華民族的(de)祖(zu)先炎帝(di)和(he)黃帝(di)。古人云:“未看山(shan)(shan)時先看水(shui)(shui)(shui),有山(shan)(shan)無(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)休(xiu)尋地。水(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)地的(de)血氣,得(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)為尚(shang)。”漆(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)逶迤,繞(rao)城而過,小橋流水(shui)(shui)(shui),盡收(shou)眼底:中(zhong)亭川橫貫南北(bei),一馬平(ping)川,村野(ye)棋布(bu),禾黍(shu)滿(man)園。古絲(si)路連接(jie)東西,髙岸為陵,斷崖如山(shan)(shan),莽原起(qi)伏,草樹(shu)煙嵐。
古人(ren)曾道:“三(san)峰遠(yuan)映(ying)嵐光合,二水分(fen)流(liu)城市連(lian)”。這五千年的歷(li)史古城,負載著風雨蒼桑,書寫著人(ren)文傳奇。九街(jie)(jie)十(shi)八巷(xiang),屋舍儼然。正街(jie)(jie)如(ru)線,店鋪連(lian)連(lian),小巷(xiang)彎(wan)(wan)彎(wan)(wan),蛇折龍蟠。若逢古會,人(ren)流(liu)如(ru)織,熙攘(rang)不絕……
在2020年(nian)12月22日召開(kai)的2020美麗鄉村博鰲(ao)國(guo)際峰會“最(zui)美發布暨美麗鄉村國(guo)際品牌盛典”中,武功古(gu)城榮膺《2020年(nian)度全(quan)國(guo)百佳旅游目的地》稱號(hao)。
武功古城(cheng)歷史(shi)悠久,城(cheng)區設置嚴(yan)整,共有(you)九街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)十八(ba)巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。由(you)東(dong)門(men)(men)(men)向西(xi)(xi)至大什字(zi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)東(dong)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);又西(xi)(xi)至小什字(zi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)學(xue)前街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);又西(xi)(xi)至原(yuan)麓南(nan)(nan)折(zhe)出(chu)(chu)望(wang)月(yue)門(men)(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)西(xi)(xi)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);由(you)大什字(zi)南(nan)(nan)出(chu)(chu)集賢門(men)(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);北(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)迎仙門(men)(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)小北(bei)(bei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);由(you)小什字(zi)北(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)來鳳門(men)(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)大北(bei)(bei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)宣化(hua)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。宣化(hua)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)南(nan)(nan)端(duan)東(dong)折(zhe)通(tong)(tong)南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)司(si)巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(現稱(cheng)蔣家巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));西(xi)(xi)折(zhe)至原(yuan)麓名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)樂妓巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(現稱(cheng)月(yue)菊巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang))。由(you)東(dong)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)中段(duan)(duan)南(nan)(nan)折(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)后(hou)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);后(hou)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)西(xi)(xi)折(zhe)有(you)兩巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong)南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),北(bei)(bei)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)馬道巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)草場巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);東(dong)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)中段(duan)(duan)北(bei)(bei)折(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)當鋪巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)中段(duan)(duan)西(xi)(xi)折(zhe)通(tong)(tong)宣化(hua)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)鑒(jian)巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);宣化(hua)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)中段(duan)(duan)西(xi)(xi)折(zhe)通(tong)(tong)西(xi)(xi)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)韓家巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);十字(zi)路(lu)南(nan)(nan)至綠野村,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)關巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。出(chu)(chu)來鳳門(men)(men)(men)北(bei)(bei)至徐(xu)楊(yang)堡,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)北(bei)(bei)關街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);東(dong)折(zhe)至迎仙門(men)(men)(men),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)中心街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。
武功古(gu)城(cheng)共有文(wen)物(wu)(wu)旅游景(jing)(jing)(jing)點20多處(chu)(chu),“武功八景(jing)(jing)(jing)”都集中(zhong)于此,悠久的(de)(de)歷史、深厚的(de)(de)文(wen)蘊,促成了武功古(gu)城(cheng)璀(cui)璨文(wen)明的(de)(de)人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)。中(zhong)華農耕文(wen)明始祖后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)教(jiao)民(min)稼穡的(de)(de)教(jiao)稼臺,愛國典范(fan)、民(min)族英雄(xiong)蘇武紀念館,風(feng)格獨特的(de)(de)都城(cheng)隍廟,唐太宗(zong)李世民(min)報答母親(qin)養育之恩的(de)(de)報本寺(si)(si)塔(ta),雄(xiong)偉(wei)森嚴的(de)(de)上閣(ge)寺(si)(si),圣(sheng)母姜嫄(yuan)墓(mu)(mu),先周文(wen)化的(de)(de)發祥(xiang)地鄭尚坡遺址(zhi),雄(xiong)居(ju)關中(zhong)西部之首(shou)的(de)(de)武功關帝財神(shen)廟,張載(zai)講學(xue)處(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)小華山。還有二水(shui)(shui)寺(si)(si)、客山寺(si)(si)、隋(sui)煬帝墓(mu)(mu)、康(kang)海墓(mu)(mu)、將軍臺、趙(zhao)家崖遺址(zhi)、滸西莊遺址(zhi)、東橋(qiao)遺址(zhi)、龍王(wang)廟、東岳廟等多處(chu)(chu)歷史文(wen)物(wu)(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)點。還有漆水(shui)(shui)河濕地公園、姜嫄(yuan)水(shui)(shui)鄉、美陽關、后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)文(wen)化廣(guang)場、音樂噴泉、游船(chuan)碼頭、東西兩塬景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)帶、尚林苑花海、漆水(shui)(shui)河、游船(chuan)碼頭等文(wen)化旅游項目。
武功(gong)古城(cheng)已(yi)有1400余年的(de)歷史,背山面水,置(zhi)(zhi)于臺(tai)地(di)之上。幾萬人的(de)縣城(cheng)一(yi)不缺水吃,二不遭(zao)水災,無水患之虞。冬天(tian)可遮擋寒冷的(de)氣流(liu),春天(tian)可迎納和暖的(de)春風。三條河流(liu)都可作天(tian)然(ran)的(de)沐浴場(chang),一(yi)年四(si)季均能(neng)享受優越舒(shu)適的(de)環境(jing)。城(cheng)外天(tian)然(ran)自成配有“四(si)神(shen)”,前(qian)朱雀(陂地(di))、后(hou)玄(xuan)武(祖山)、左青龍(河流(liu))、右白虎(長道)。城(cheng)內按照地(di)形規劃為“九(jiu)街十(shi)(shi)(shi)八巷(xiang)”,設置(zhi)(zhi)有“四(si)差”:南門(men)(men)向西開,西門(men)(men)向南開,大(da)十(shi)(shi)(shi)字對(dui)小北街,小十(shi)(shi)(shi)字對(dui)大(da)北街。
城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)整體似(si)金(jin)(jin)龜(gui)(gui),東(dong)門外教(jiao)稼(jia)臺(tai)俗稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)頭(tou),臺(tai)兩側原各有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)池一方(fang),俗稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)眼。西城(cheng)(cheng)墻根中段有(you)一方(fang)凹地(di),俗稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)尾,后(hou)街馬王廟后(hou)有(you)深2丈多(duo)、廣40丈的(de)土壕,俗稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)心。三鑒巷徐(xu)姓宅內有(you)隙(xi)地(di)一方(fang),寸(cun)草(cao)不生,俗稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)膽。南(nan)、北(bei)四(si)城(cheng)(cheng)門,則是龜(gui)(gui)足。龜(gui)(gui)頭(tou)向著漆水(shui)(shui)(shui)河,把(ba)金(jin)(jin)龜(gui)(gui)塑造(zao)得前爬后(hou)蹬,生動傳神,從(cong)東(dong)塬(yuan)邊(bian)憑眺,活像一只下山(shan)(shan)的(de)神龜(gui)(gui),緩(huan)緩(huan)地(di)爬向漆水(shui)(shui)(shui)河邊(bian)戲水(shui)(shui)(shui)。故曰:“金(jin)(jin)龜(gui)(gui)戲水(shui)(shui)(shui)”。龜(gui)(gui)的(de)壽命最長,古(gu)(gu)人以龜(gui)(gui)甲(jia)卜問吉兇(xiong),列(lie)侯(hou)的(de)金(jin)(jin)印上(shang)鑄“龜(gui)(gui)鈕”以示地(di)位的(de)顯赫。古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)西崖(ya)巒高峭,漆水(shui)(shui)(shui)東(dong)繞,稷山(shan)(shan)鎮后(hou);香山(shan)(shan)左(zuo)輔,華山(shan)(shan)右弼;梁山(shan)(shan)九華,隔水(shui)(shui)(shui)對景;客山(shan)(shan)遠朝,內斂聚(ju)氣。康海《武功縣(xian)志(zhi)》稱(cheng)舊縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)地(di)形為:“平原控(kong)其(qi)東(dong),鳳岡(gang)冀其(qi)西,長川帶(dai)其(qi)北(bei),終(zhong)南(nan)、太白揖其(qi)南(nan),蓋古(gu)(gu)形勝之區(qu),強武之國(guo)也(ye)。”這也(ye)從(cong)一個側面說(shuo)明武功古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)地(di)理位置(zhi)之險要。
武功古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)(yu)縣(xian)境西(xi)(xi)(xi)北部,始建(jian)于(yu)(yu)北周(zhou)武帝建(jian)德三年(574),為土筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),西(xi)(xi)(xi)靠稷山,東臨漆水。元(yuan)末(mo)張良(liang)弼、李思齊首(shou)次(ci)增(zeng)筑(zhu)。明洪(hong)武九年(1376),都督(du)耿忠奉詔(zhao)屯戌于(yu)(yu)此,再資(zi)增(zeng)筑(zhu)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)長3里220步,外有深(shen)2.7米(mi)的護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)溝。有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)5個(ge):東門(men)名(ming)“觀瀾”;南門(men)兩個(ge),東名(ming)“集賢”,西(xi)(xi)(xi)名(ming)“望(wang)(wang)月”;北門(men)兩個(ge),東名(ming)“迎仙(xian)”,西(xi)(xi)(xi)名(ming)“來鳳(feng)”;城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)緊靠稷山,無門(men)。清康(kang)熙二十五(wu)年(1686),知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)徐奇(qi)桂重修(xiu)(xiu),增(zeng)筑(zhu)各門(men)磚(zhuan)樓。乾(qian)隆(long)十八年(1735),知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)龔(gong)師(shi)勝大修(xiu)(xiu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)。嘉慶(qing)十三年(1808),知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)張樹勛在(zai)進(jin)行整修(xiu)(xiu)時(shi),為緬(mian)懷圣哲先賢的豐(feng)功偉績和歌(ge)頌縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的勝跡(ji)美景,專為城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)題刻門(men)額(e)(e)(e):東門(men)外額(e)(e)(e)“思文(wen)古治(zhi)”,內(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“麟閣(ge)勛名(ming)”;南集賢門(men)外額(e)(e)(e)“綠野春云(yun)”,內(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“龍圖(tu)經濟”。望(wang)(wang)月門(men)外額(e)(e)(e)“雍原秋室”,內(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“許國文(wen)章”;北來鳳(feng)門(men)外額(e)(e)(e)“鳳(feng)崗晚翠”,內(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“虎觀淹(yan)垓(gai)”;迎仙(xian)門(men)外額(e)(e)(e)“二水朝(chao)霞”,內(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“璇璣錦繡”。咸(xian)豐(feng)末(mo)年至光(guang)緒年間,知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)張宗(zong)睿、鄭慶(qing)崧(song)、陳子楷(kai)、陳爾茀、張世英等也先后進(jin)行過修(xiu)(xiu)葺,力(li)圖(tu)恢復(fu)古貌。
2021年10月“黃金周”,武功(gong)縣文物(wu)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)中心(xin)發布武功(gong)古城國慶假(jia)期共接待游(you)客6.817萬人(ren)次,實現旅(lv)(lv)游(you)收入3433.4萬元。與往年相比,旅(lv)(lv)游(you)人(ren)數同(tong)期增長5.98%。