《法(fa)華經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》相傳為釋迦(jia)牟(mou)尼(ni)佛晚年(nian)在王舍城靈鷲(jiu)山所說,為大(da)乘(cheng)佛教初(chu)期經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)典之一。學(xue)術界一般(ban)認為《法(fa)華經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》出現于公元前1世紀,后(hou)續(xu)流變(bian)發展,形(xing)成多種版(ban)本(ben)。龍(long)樹菩薩(sa)(公元150—250)的著作《中(zhong)論》、《大(da)智(zhi)度論》已引(yin)用本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)文義。另外《大(da)般(ban)泥洹經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》、《大(da)般(ban)涅(nie)槃經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》、《優婆塞戒經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》、《大(da)乘(cheng)本(ben)生心地觀經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》、《大(da)佛頂(ding)首楞(leng)嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》等諸經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)皆列(lie)舉本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)名并援引(yin)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)文義,可見(jian)本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之成立(li)年(nian)代較以(yi)上諸經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為早。該經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)漢譯流通本(ben)全(quan)稱(cheng)《妙法(fa)蓮華經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》,七(qi)卷(juan),或八卷(juan),后(hou)秦鳩摩(mo)羅什譯。
漢傳《法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)》現(xian)(xian)存(cun)有三譯(yi)。此(ci)其第二譯(yi)也。梁僧祐之出(chu)三藏(zang)(zang)記(ji),隋費長房之歷代三寶記(ji),麗宋(song)元明(ming)(ming)之四大藏(zang)(zang)經(jing)目錄,明(ming)(ming)智(zhi)旭之閱(yue)藏(zang)(zang)知津等,悉(xi)記(ji)為(wei)七卷(juan)(juan)。獨唐智(zhi)升之開元釋教錄記(ji)妙法(fa)蓮華(hua)經(jing)八卷(juan)(juan),注記(ji)古本(ben)七卷(juan)(juan)。又(you)玄應(ying)師之音(yin)義(yi),據八卷(juan)(juan)本(ben)。蓋此(ci)時既(ji)為(wei)八卷(juan)(juan)矣。然觀(guan)其后經(jing)錄,麗宋(song)元明(ming)(ming)之四大藏(zang)(zang)皆記(ji)七卷(juan)(juan),則一般通行者(zhe)七卷(juan)(juan)也。明(ming)(ming)之法(fa)華(hua)科(ke)注現(xian)(xian)行本(ben)雖為(wei)八卷(juan)(juan),而(er)其序有曰:厘為(wei)七帙(zhi),壽諸(zhu)良梓(zi),則原為(wei)七卷(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)也。
諸(zhu)家之注述(shu)。及關于本經(jing)之著作如(ru)下:法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)疏二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),宋竺道(dao)生撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)義(yi)(yi)記(ji)八卷(juan)(juan)(juan),梁法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)云(yun)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)義(yi)(yi)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)智(zhi)顗(yi)說(shuo)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)文(wen)句二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)智(zhi)顗(yi)說(shuo)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)論(lun)疏三卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)吉藏(zang)(zang)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)論(lun)十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)吉藏(zang)(zang)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)游意二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)吉藏(zang)(zang)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)義(yi)(yi)疏十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)吉藏(zang)(zang)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)統略六(liu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋(sui)(sui)吉藏(zang)(zang)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)安樂行義(yi)(yi)一卷(juan)(juan)(juan),陳慧(hui)思說(shuo)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)玄(xuan)義(yi)(yi)釋簽二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)湛(zhan)(zhan)然述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)文(wen)句記(ji)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)湛(zhan)(zhan)然述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)大意一卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)湛(zhan)(zhan)然述(shu)。天臺法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)玄(xuan)義(yi)(yi)科文(wen)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)湛(zhan)(zhan)然述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)文(wen)句輔(fu)正記(ji)十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)道(dao)暹述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)疏義(yi)(yi)纘六(liu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)智(zhi)度述(shu)。妙(miao)經(jing)文(wen)句私志(zhi)諸(zhu)品要義(yi)(yi)二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)智(zhi)云(yun)述(shu)。妙(miao)經(jing)文(wen)句私志(zhi)記(ji)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)智(zhi)云(yun)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)為章一卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)窺(kui)基(ji)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)窺(kui)基(ji)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)義(yi)(yi)決(jue)(jue)一卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)慧(hui)沼撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)攝釋四卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)智(zhi)周撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)決(jue)(jue)擇(ze)記(ji)八卷(juan)(juan)(juan),現存初二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)崇(chong)俊撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)清集疏。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)要集三十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),缺卷(juan)(juan)(juan)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三卷(juan)(juan)(juan),三十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)共三卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)棲復集。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)釋,疑是唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)可周撰(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)玄(xuan)贊(zan)(zan)(zan)評(ping)經(jing)鈔。
法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)三(san)大部讀教記二(er)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)法(fa)(fa)照撰(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)三(san)大部補注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)四(si)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)從義撰(zhuan)。大部妙(miao)玄格言二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)善月(yue)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)玄簽備(bei)檢四(si)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)有嚴注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)玄義節要二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)智旭節。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)玄義輯略一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)傳鐙錄。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)釋簽緣起序指明(ming)一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),靈耀述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)玄簽證釋十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),智銓述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)文句(ju)(ju)記箋難(nan)四(si)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)有嚴箋。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)文句(ju)(ju)格言三(san)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)善月(yue)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)文句(ju)(ju)纂要七卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),道霈纂要。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)入疏十(shi)二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)道威入注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)要解(jie)(jie)科文一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)要解(jie)(jie)二(er)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)戒環解(jie)(jie)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)合(he)論七卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)慧(hui)洪造,張商英撰(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)句(ju)(ju)解(jie)(jie)八卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)聞達解(jie)(jie)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)六(liu)意一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)與咸錄。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)序注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)祥邁注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)解(jie)(jie)二(er)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),附科文一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)戒環解(jie)(jie)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)科注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)(song)(song)(song)守倫撰(zhuan),明(ming)法(fa)(fa)濟參訂。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)科注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),元徐行善科注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。法(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)科注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)七卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)一(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)集注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。
法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)知音七卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)如愚著(zhu)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)大(da)意(yi)三(san)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)無相(xiang)說。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)擊節一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)德清述(shu)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)通義七卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)德清述(shu)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)意(yi)語一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)圓澄說,明(ming)(ming)(ming)海(hai)重訂。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)大(da)窾(kuan)八卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)通潤(run)箋。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)綸(lun)貫一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)智旭述(shu)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)會義十(shi)六卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)智旭述(shu)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)懸譚一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),凈挺著(zhu)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)大(da)成科(ke)文(wen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),際慶排錄。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)大(da)成十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),大(da)義集(ji)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)大(da)成音義一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),凈升集(ji)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)授手(shou)(shou)科(ke)一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),智祥排。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)授手(shou)(shou)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),智祥集(ji)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)演(yan)義科(ke)一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),廣和標(biao)科(ke)。法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)演(yan)義二十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),一(yi)(yi)(yi)松講(jiang)錄,廣和編定。
法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)懸談卷(juan)(juan)(juan)首一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),普德(de)立(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),智(zhi)一(yi)(yi)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi),弘傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)序注附。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),普德(de)立(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),智(zhi)一(yi)(yi)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi),弘傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)序注附。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)七卷(juan)(juan)(juan),普德(de)立(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),智(zhi)一(yi)(yi)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi),弘傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)序注附。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)指(zhi)掌疏(shu)(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)文(wen)一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),通(tong)理(li)排。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)指(zhi)掌疏(shu)(shu)懸示一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),通(tong)理(li)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)指(zhi)掌疏(shu)(shu)七卷(juan)(juan)(juan),通(tong)理(li)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)指(zhi)掌疏(shu)(shu)事義一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),通(tong)理(li)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)卓解(jie)七卷(juan)(juan)(juan),徐昌治逗注。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)精解(jie)評林二卷(juan)(juan)(juan),明焦竑纂(zuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)三昧懺儀(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),隋智(zhi)顗撰(zhuan)。弘贊法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)慧詳撰(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)記十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)慧詳集(ji)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)三昧行事運想補助儀(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)湛(zhan)然(ran)撰(zhuan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)三昧補助儀(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),唐(tang)(tang)湛(zhan)然(ran)撰(zhuan)。禮法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)儀(yi)(yi)式一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)知禮集(ji)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)龍女成(cheng)佛權實義一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)源清(qing)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)龍女成(cheng)佛權實文(wen)旨一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)善(shan)月(yue)述(shu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)顯應(ying)錄(lu)二卷(juan)(juan)(juan),宋(song)宗曉編(bian)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)靈驗傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)二卷(juan)(juan)(juan),明了因(yin)錄(lu)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)持驗記二卷(juan)(juan)(juan),周克復纂(zuan)。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)法(fa)興起的(de)(de)時代,有了(le)以(yi)(yi)“聲聞”、“緣覺”為(wei)(wei)二乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或小(xiao)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),以(yi)(yi)“菩薩”為(wei)(wei)大(da)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)說(shuo)法(fa)。《法(fa)華經》就是在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)種背景(jing)下結集的(de)(de)代表(biao)作(zuo)品,提出了(le)“開(kai)權顯實”、“會三歸一(yi)”的(de)(de)思(si)想,融會三乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(佛(fo)(fo)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng))。以(yi)(yi)“聲聞”、“緣覺”二乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)方便(權)說(shuo),“二乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”終究要以(yi)(yi)成佛(fo)(fo)為(wei)(wei)最(zui)終目(mu)標(如“化城喻(yu)品”所說(shuo)),開(kai)啟了(le)“回小(xiao)向大(da)”的(de)(de)門徑,這(zhe)(zhe)是一(yi)種嶄新的(de)(de)學說(shuo)思(si)想,也(ye)是本經的(de)(de)主(zhu)旨所在(zai)(zai)(zai),在(zai)(zai)(zai)佛(fo)(fo)教思(si)想史上占(zhan)有至關(guan)重要的(de)(de)地(di)位。
《妙法蓮華(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)佛教史上有著深遠(yuan)影響的(de)一部大乘(cheng)經(jing)(jing)(jing)典(dian),由于(yu)此經(jing)(jing)(jing)譯(yi)文(wen)(wen)流(liu)暢、文(wen)(wen)字優美、譬喻生動,教義(yi)圓(yuan)滿,讀誦此經(jing)(jing)(jing)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)佛教徒最為普遍(bian)的(de)修持方法。《法華(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》二(er)十八品共(gong)六(liu)萬(wan)余字,初(chu)學(xue)者(zhe)如果沒有借助參考相關注疏,僅(jin)僅(jin)靠讀誦原文(wen)(wen)恐(kong)怕難(nan)以把(ba)握其整體思(si)想脈絡。由于(yu)此經(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)內容在(zai)表面上看起來比較分散,因而(er)使讀誦者(zhe)常常不知所(suo)云,而(er)對經(jing)(jing)(jing)文(wen)(wen)呈(cheng)現的(de)重(zhong)要思(si)想也(ye)無法深刻領會(hui)。這主要有兩個(ge)原因:
第一、《法華(hua)經》主要講述的(de)(de)是一佛(fo)乘(cheng)(cheng)思想,也(ye)即一切眾生(sheng),無(wu)論三乘(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng),最終皆歸于一佛(fo)乘(cheng)(cheng),無(wu)有(you)余乘(cheng)(cheng)。由(you)之(zhi)而來佛(fo)陀對(dui)一乘(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)法的(de)(de)功(gong)德贊嘆(tan)在經文中(zhong)隨處可(ke)見(jian),讀誦者往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)只看到佛(fo)對(dui)一乘(cheng)(cheng)和(he)法華(hua)功(gong)德的(de)(de)贊嘆(tan),卻沒有(you)注(zhu)意(yi)到一佛(fo)乘(cheng)(cheng)思想均貫穿其中(zhong)。
第(di)二、本(ben)經(jing)流(liu)通(tong)分共有(you)十(shi)六(liu)品,不但流(liu)通(tong)品目比其他經(jing)文多(duo),且按本(ben)跡二門的(de)(de)分法(fa)而有(you)兩個(ge)流(liu)通(tong)分,失去往常(chang)序、正、流(liu)通(tong)三分法(fa)的(de)(de)一般次序,使讀(du)(du)誦者(zhe)無法(fa)清楚把握《法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)》全體的(de)(de)格局。有(you)鑒(jian)于此,筆者(zhe)從《法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)》會三歸一、開跡顯本(ben)的(de)(de)要旨(zhi)出(chu)發,對本(ben)經(jing)的(de)(de)基本(ben)架構(gou)作一大略概(gai)括(kuo),按品分科,顯明(ming)重點(dian),使讀(du)(du)誦此經(jing)者(zhe)對法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)能有(you)一個(ge)整體的(de)(de)印象(xiang),真正悟解(jie)佛說這部經(jing)典的(de)(de)一乘妙意,契入佛陀出(chu)世的(de)(de)本(ben)懷,達(da)到(dao)學有(you)所(suo)獲,修有(you)所(suo)證的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
序分(fen)(fen)(fen)、正宗(zong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)、流(liu)通(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)最常(chang)見的經(jing)典科(ke)判分(fen)(fen)(fen)法(fa),它適用于大部分(fen)(fen)(fen)經(jing)典。天臺智(zhi)者大師對《法(fa)華經(jing)》的科(ke)判做了(le)兩(liang)種分(fen)(fen)(fen)類,其一(yi)便是(shi)這通(tong)例的三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。在(zai)三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)科(ke)經(jing)中,《法(fa)華經(jing)》以(yi)最初的《序品(pin)》為序分(fen)(fen)(fen);以(yi)第(di)二《方(fang)(fang)便品(pin)》至(zhi)第(di)十(shi)(shi)七(qi)《分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)功德品(pin)》第(di)十(shi)(shi)九偈“佛名聞(wen)十(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang),廣饒益眾生(sheng),一(yi)切具(ju)善根,以(yi)助(zhu)無(wu)上(shang)心”為正宗(zong)分(fen)(fen)(fen);此后十(shi)(shi)七(qi)品(pin)《分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)功德品(pin)》后半至(zhi)第(di)二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)《普賢勸發品(pin)》共(gong)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)品(pin)半為流(liu)通(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)法(fa)的科(ke)判比較(jiao)平常(chang),不能完全體現出天臺本宗(zong)所依(yi)經(jing)典《法(fa)華經(jing)》開權(quan)顯實的重要特色(se)。
最能體(ti)現法華(hua)(hua)圓教一(yi)代終極(ji)教說的(de)(de)科判是智者(zhe)大(da)師二(er)門(men)(men)六(liu)段的(de)(de)分(fen)科法。智者(zhe)大(da)師從(cong)一(yi)代圓教開顯的(de)(de)主旨出發,將《法華(hua)(hua)經》二(er)十(shi)(shi)八品大(da)別(bie)為本、跡(ji)(ji)二(er)門(men)(men):前(qian)十(shi)(shi)四品為跡(ji)(ji)門(men)(men),后十(shi)(shi)四品為本門(men)(men)。這本、跡(ji)(ji)二(er)門(men)(men),又各(ge)有序、正、流通三分(fen),總(zong)共六(liu)分(fen)。這一(yi)獨特(te)的(de)(de)科判分(fen)法被稱為法華(hua)(hua)二(er)門(men)(men)六(liu)段分(fen)科法。
《法華經(jing)》前十四品名為跡(ji)門(men),是闡明釋迦最初(chu)成道(dao)已(yi)來(lai)(lai),及中間施化節節,唱生唱滅,以至于今成佛(fo)度生,皆是從本垂跡(ji),故名跡(ji)門(men)。“跡(ji)”是佛(fo)陀垂跡(ji)化用,佛(fo)陀應化人(ren)間必(bi)然有教化眾(zhong)生之大用,即為實(shi)施權(quan),開權(quan)顯實(shi),廢權(quan)立(li)實(shi)。如來(lai)(lai)說三乘是為了一佛(fo)乘,三乘人(ren)最后(hou)都要歸入一乘。這(zhe)是法華跡(ji)門(men)的宗旨(zhi)。
《法(fa)華經》后十四品名為本門,是說明世尊久(jiu)遠劫前已成(cheng)佛果,為了(le)度化眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng),故(gu)示現(xian)滅度,這(zhe)是為了(le)去除以(yi)釋尊為伽(jia)耶近成(cheng)垂(chui)跡示現(xian)之權佛的(de)(de)情(qing)執,以(yi)顯示久(jiu)遠實成(cheng)的(de)(de)本地本佛。如《壽量(liang)品》所說,佛的(de)(de)法(fa)身本無生(sheng)(sheng)滅,報身壽命無量(liang),為了(le)度生(sheng)(sheng)之方便(bian),故(gu)唱生(sheng)(sheng)唱滅,而為本垂(chui)跡,開跡顯本,廢跡立本,令眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)去除對佛身的(de)(de)偏執,這(zhe)是本門的(de)(de)主旨。
從第(di)一(yi)《序品》到(dao)第(di)十四《安樂(le)行品》是跡(ji)門(men)法華的內容,跡(ji)門(men)三分如下:
一(yi)、序分:以(yi)最初的《序品》為跡門的序分;講述法華六瑞(rui)為三世十方諸佛(fo)說此經前必定示(shi)現之教(jiao)化(hua)法式。
二、正宗(zong)分:從(cong)第(di)二《方便品(pin)》到(dao)第(di)九《授學(xue)無學(xue)人記品(pin)》是跡門的正說分;
三、流(liu)通(tong)分:第(di)十《法師品》至《安樂行品》是(shi)跡(ji)門的流(liu)通(tong)分。
其(qi)中(zhong)正宗分(fen)的開顯又分(fen)作略、廣兩部分(fen):
一、略說開三(san)顯一:從(cong)(cong)《方便品第二》開頭“爾時世(shi)尊(zun)從(cong)(cong)三(san)昧安詳而起”至(zhi)同品中(zhong)“愿為此眾(zhong)(zhong)故,唯垂分別說,是等聞此法(fa),則生大歡喜”。在(zai)這(zhe)里世(shi)尊(zun)講(jiang)述的主要(yao)是十如實相的甚(shen)深奧義,并且(qie)由于世(shi)尊(zun)數數殷勤(qin)稱(cheng)嘆(tan)甚(shen)深微(wei)妙難(nan)解之法(fa),引(yin)發四眾(zhong)(zhong)弟子的疑問,而以當機(ji)眾(zhong)(zhong)舍(she)利弗代眾(zhong)(zhong)三(san)次(ci)請(qing)法(fa)。
二、廣(guang)明(ming)開(kai)三(san)(san)顯一(yi)(yi)(yi):從“爾時世尊告舍利弗(fu):汝已殷勤三(san)(san)請,豈(qi)得(de)不說”,以(yi)下共七品(pin)半是(shi)廣(guang)明(ming)開(kai)三(san)(san)顯一(yi)(yi)(yi)。廣(guang)明(ming)開(kai)三(san)(san)顯一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)內(nei)容闡述佛陀(tuo)分別(bie)為上根、中(zhong)(zhong)根、下根三(san)(san)類聲(sheng)聞弟(di)子作(zuo)三(san)(san)乘方便,一(yi)(yi)(yi)乘真(zhen)實的(de)說法,故(gu)稱(cheng)法華三(san)(san)周說法。三(san)(san)根聲(sheng)聞分別(bie)在(zai)三(san)(san)周說法中(zhong)(zhong)得(de)到法益,并蒙(meng)佛授(shou)記,所以(yi)又(you)稱(cheng)三(san)(san)周授(shou)記。三(san)(san)周說法分作(zuo)以(yi)下三(san)(san)個階段(duan):
第(di)一(yi)周是(shi)法說(shuo)(shuo)周,是(shi)佛(fo)(fo)為上(shang)根人就法體而直(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)諸法實(shi)相(xiang)、十(shi)如之(zhi)(zhi)理(li),暢(chang)諸佛(fo)(fo)出世本懷,欲(yu)令眾生(sheng),悟入(ru)佛(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)見。明佛(fo)(fo)昔日(ri)所(suo)說(shuo)(shuo),皆是(shi)方便(bian);今(jin)日(ri)所(suo)顯,方是(shi)真(zhen)實(shi)。但是(shi)昔日(ri)權巧又不離(li)今(jin)日(ri)真(zhen)實(shi),可謂即權即實(shi),權不離(li)實(shi),所(suo)以舉手低(di)頭,皆得作佛(fo)(fo)。然而這一(yi)開三乘方便(bian)、顯一(yi)乘真(zhen)實(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)法只有上(shang)根舍利(li)弗一(yi)人領解,并蒙佛(fo)(fo)授記,名號為“華光如來(lai)”。開三顯一(yi)的(de)主旨在第(di)二《方便(bian)品》中所(suo)說(shuo)(shuo),舍利(li)弗領解授記事宜則于第(di)三《譬(pi)喻品》中前(qian)半(ban)部(bu)分所(suo)談,其(qi)文止于“其(qi)兩(liang)足圣尊,最勝無倫(lun)匹,彼即是(shi)汝(ru)身,宜應自(zi)欣慶”。
第(di)(di)(di)二(er)周(zhou)(zhou)是譬(pi)(pi)說(shuo)周(zhou)(zhou),是佛為(wei)中根人在(zai)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)法說(shuo)周(zhou)(zhou)中不能領解一(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)真實(shi)的(de)(de)妙理,又在(zai)第(di)(di)(di)三《譬(pi)(pi)喻(yu)(yu)品》中說(shuo)了三車(che)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)車(che)的(de)(de)譬(pi)(pi)喻(yu)(yu)。譬(pi)(pi)喻(yu)(yu)中,長者(zhe)初許(xu)羊、鹿、牛(niu)三車(che)(以其(qi)乘(cheng)載量之(zhi)小大分別比喻(yu)(yu)聲聞、緣覺、菩薩三乘(cheng))是施權,后來等賜一(yi)(yi)(yi)大白牛(niu)車(che)(比喻(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)佛乘(cheng))是顯實(shi),通過跳出火宅后的(de)(de)開權顯實(shi),令他們了悟一(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)之(zhi)理。這時有(you)(you)摩訶迦(jia)(jia)葉(xie)、大目(mu)犍連、須菩提、摩訶迦(jia)(jia)旃延等四大弟子(zi)(zi)領解其(qi)說(shuo),并(bing)陳述了窮子(zi)(zi)喻(yu)(yu)來表達他們對一(yi)(yi)(yi)佛乘(cheng)的(de)(de)信(xin)解,由此引發群(qun)機,令與會者(zhe)同得(de)領解法說(shuo)譬(pi)(pi)說(shuo)之(zhi)旨,這是第(di)(di)(di)四《信(xin)解品》之(zhi)由來。然后佛為(wei)說(shuo)第(di)(di)(di)五《藥草喻(yu)(yu)品》加以述成印可,并(bing)在(zai)第(di)(di)(di)六(liu)《授記(ji)(ji)品》中為(wei)四大聲聞分別授記(ji)(ji)。這是第(di)(di)(di)二(er)譬(pi)(pi)說(shuo)周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)整個(ge)過程(cheng),其(qi)內容(rong)共有(you)(you)三品半。
第三(san)周是宿世因(yin)緣(yuan)周,是佛為不能了(le)解上(shang)述二(er)(er)周說(shuo)法的(de)(de)下根聲聞(wen),在第七(qi)《化城(cheng)喻品(pin)》中說(shuo)他們宿世為大(da)通(tong)智勝佛下的(de)(de)一乘機種,釋迦(jia)在因(yin)地為十六沙彌之(zhi)一時就(jiu)曾為他們說(shuo)法,使彼等(deng)了(le)知(zhi)宿世久遠之(zhi)機緣(yuan)而得悟。此時有富(fu)樓(lou)那、憍陳如等(deng)千(qian)二(er)(er)百聲聞(wen)領解,并在第八《五百弟子(zi)授(shou)(shou)記(ji)品(pin)》得到佛的(de)(de)授(shou)(shou)記(ji);又有阿(a)難、羅睺羅等(deng)領解得益(yi),于第九《授(shou)(shou)學(xue)無學(xue)人(ren)記(ji)品(pin)》中蒙佛授(shou)(shou)記(ji),乃至(zhi)后(hou)來的(de)(de)《勸(quan)持品(pin)》中對波阇比丘(qiu)尼(ni)、六千(qian)有學(xue)無學(xue)比丘(qiu)尼(ni)等(deng)授(shou)(shou)記(ji)皆是聞(wen)開三(san)顯一得法益(yi)者。但就(jiu)第三(san)周的(de)(de)內容而言,仍(reng)是指《化城(cheng)喻品(pin)》以(yi)下的(de)(de)三(san)品(pin)。
三(san)周說(shuo)法分反復(fu)正說(shuo)(佛(fo)(fo)說(shuo))、領解(表明弟(di)子(zi)之領解)、述(shu)成(cheng)(佛(fo)(fo)對弟(di)子(zi)之領解認可(ke))、授記(佛(fo)(fo)對弟(di)子(zi)成(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)作預言)四階段,循此以(yi)度化上、中(zhong)、下三(san)根,可(ke)謂周備(bei)完足(zu)。
從第十五《從地踴出品》到經(jing)末第二(er)十八《普賢勸發(fa)品》是(shi)本門(men)法(fa)華的內容,本門(men)三分(fen)如下:
一、序分(fen):從第十五(wu)《從地涌出品》開(kai)頭(tou)至同品“汝等自當因是得聞”是本(ben)門(men)的(de)序分(fen),這是以四大菩薩(sa)為首的(de)無(wu)量千萬億地涌菩薩(sa)的(de)久度(du)因緣作為如來開(kai)近顯遠的(de)發起(qi)。
二、正(zheng)宗分(fen)(fen):從(cong)同品(pin)(pin)“爾時釋(shi)迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)告彌勒菩薩”以(yi)下到第(di)十七(qi)品(pin)(pin)《分(fen)(fen)別(bie)功德品(pin)(pin)》彌勒說十九行偈“佛(fo)(fo)名聞(wen)十方,廣饒益眾生,一切具善根,以(yi)助無上心”是本(ben)門(men)的(de)正(zheng)宗分(fen)(fen)。其中第(di)十六《如來壽量品(pin)(pin)》為正(zheng)開師門(men)的(de)近跡、顯佛(fo)(fo)地的(de)遠本(ben)。
三、流通(tong)分:從第(di)十(shi)七《分別功德品》彌勒說(shuo)偈(jie)以(yi)下(xia)到第(di)二十(shi)八《普賢菩薩勸發品》是本門(men)的流通(tong)分。
本門(men)流(liu)(liu)通(tong)分共有十一品(pin),又可分為勸持流(liu)(liu)通(tong)和付囑流(liu)(liu)通(tong)。
(一)勸持流(liu)通:從彌勒說偈以(yi)下及第十(shi)八《隨喜功(gong)德品(pin)》、第十(shi)九《法師功(gong)德品(pin)》、第二十(shi)《常不(bu)輕菩(pu)薩(sa)品(pin)》三(san)品(pin)主要是勸末(mo)世(shi)眾生(sheng)受持此經,并將所(suo)得功(gong)德利益予以(yi)分(fen)別闡述。
(二)付囑(zhu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong):從第二十(shi)一(yi)《如(ru)來(lai)神力(li)(li)品(pin)》到(dao)第二十(shi)八《普賢菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)勸(quan)發品(pin)》共八品(pin)是世尊(zun)付囑(zhu)菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)當于(yu)末世流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)華。其中,第二十(shi)一(yi)《如(ru)來(lai)神力(li)(li)品(pin)》和第二十(shi)二《囑(zhu)累(lei)品(pin)》系佛以(yi)神力(li)(li)而(er)囑(zhu)累(lei)菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)妙(miao)法(fa)。此(ci)下六品(pin)屬(shu)于(yu)化(hua)他流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong):《藥王品(pin)》以(yi)苦行流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)乘(cheng)妙(miao)法(fa);《妙(miao)音》、《觀音》二品(pin)以(yi)三(san)昧力(li)(li)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)乘(cheng)妙(miao)法(fa);《陀羅尼品(pin)》以(yi)總持(chi)力(li)(li)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)乘(cheng)妙(miao)法(fa);《妙(miao)莊嚴王品(pin)》以(yi)誓愿力(li)(li)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)乘(cheng)妙(miao)法(fa);《普賢勸(quan)發品(pin)》以(yi)普賢神力(li)(li)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)乘(cheng)妙(miao)法(fa)。
就整(zheng)部法華(hua)來看,跡(ji)門(men)十四(si)品的(de)(de)當機(ji)眾以(yi)聲聞為(wei)主(zhu),本門(men)十四(si)品的(de)(de)當機(ji)眾則以(yi)菩薩為(wei)主(zhu)。前者(zhe)所得法益在(zai)(zai)于信解領悟(wu)了三乘(cheng)是方(fang)便,一(yi)乘(cheng)是真實(shi)的(de)(de)一(yi)乘(cheng)妙(miao)(miao)法,開示悟(wu)入佛(fo)之(zhi)知見,因(yin)此蒙佛(fo)授(shou)記,于無(wu)上(shang)菩提永無(wu)退轉。后(hou)者(zhe)所得法益主(zhu)要(yao)表現在(zai)(zai)大愿大行方(fang)面,諸(zhu)大菩薩在(zai)(zai)末(mo)世五濁中(zhong)不憚蔽惡,依如來衣(yi)室座三軌來弘通(tong)妙(miao)(miao)法,以(yi)此圓滿無(wu)上(shang)菩提。
《法華(hua)經(jing)》的(de)通(tong)行本(ben)是羅什大師的(de)譯本(ben),共七卷(juan)二十八品(pin),全經(jing)雖(sui)是以《方便品(pin)》和(he)《如來壽量品(pin)》為中(zhong)心,但(dan)二十八的(de)品(pin)目(mu)次第排列并不是雜亂(luan)無章,而是依(yi)照(zhao)序、正、流通(tong)的(de)三(san)分法及聲聞菩薩信解與(yu)行果(guo)之遞進而循序演進的(de)。
序(xu)(xu)品為跡門(men)的(de)序(xu)(xu)分(fen),世尊在(zai)第一(yi)(yi)《序(xu)(xu)品》中(zhong)現法(fa)(fa)華(hua)六(liu)瑞,而起眾疑。彌(mi)勒(le)菩(pu)薩(sa)代眾請疑問,向文殊(shu)問緣(yuan)由。文殊(shu)菩(pu)薩(sa)根(gen)據過去聽法(fa)(fa)經驗,知佛當說(shuo)大法(fa)(fa)。他告(gao)訴彌(mi)勒(le)菩(pu)薩(sa),法(fa)(fa)華(hua)六(liu)瑞是三世十方諸佛說(shuo)此經前必(bi)定示現的(de)教化(hua)法(fa)(fa)式。二人的(de)對答,引起在(zai)會(hui)聲聞弟子的(de)興趣,故此品成(cheng)為佛在(zai)正宗分(fen)中(zhong)說(shuo)法(fa)(fa)華(hua)經三乘方便,一(yi)(yi)乘真實的(de)發起因緣(yuan)。
第二《方便品(pin)》以(yi)下八(ba)品(pin)為(wei)跡門的(de)正宗分,說(shuo)明“開(kai)(kai)(kai)權顯(xian)實”之理。該分再(zai)分為(wei)略開(kai)(kai)(kai)、廣(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)(kai),以(yi)方便品(pin)初的(de)“十如實相”為(wei)略開(kai)(kai)(kai),其后為(wei)廣(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。廣(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)文(wen)即是上文(wen)提到的(de)三(san)周說(shuo)法。
《方(fang)便品》的(de)前半部分是(shi)佛說十如實相,后(hou)半部分是(shi)屬跡門廣開(kai)“法說周”的(de)正說段(duan)。這是(shi)顯示(shi)佛陀和過去諸(zhu)佛同道,皆是(shi)先以(yi)三(san)乘(cheng)施設權(quan)巧方(fang)便,然后(hou)會(hui)歸于一乘(cheng),強調(diao)權(quan)實不(bu)二為旨趣。
佛在《方便品(pin)》說(shuo)法周的正說(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)后,上根人(ren)舍利弗,了悟諸法實(shi)相妙理(li),理(li)解三(san)(san)(san)乘即一乘,蒙佛授記。于是舍利弗歡喜(xi)踴躍(yue),并(bing)請(qing)佛為其它弟子(zi)授記。佛說(shuo)三(san)(san)(san)車(che)火宅喻,展開了第三(san)(san)(san)《譬喻品(pin)》中譬說(shuo)周的正說(shuo)段。根據(ju)三(san)(san)(san)車(che)火宅喻,而(er)開三(san)(san)(san)車(che)三(san)(san)(san)乘之(zhi)(zhi)權,賜大白牛車(che)而(er)顯一乘之(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)。
上品(pin)(pin)中(zhong),上根舍利弗一(yi)聞佛說(shuo)即信受了解,但他陳述(shu)解悟之文不多,而須菩提(ti)等四人,由信解而述(shu)的窮(qiong)(qiong)子喻,文辭(ci)特(te)長,故專(zhuan)立(li)第(di)四《信解》一(yi)品(pin)(pin)。四大聲聞由自陳窮(qiong)(qiong)子喻,引發群(qun)機(ji),令與會者同得領解法說(shuo)譬說(shuo)之旨,是(shi)本品(pin)(pin)述(shu)說(shuo)之目的。
中根人信解自述窮子之喻(yu),故(gu)佛亦說藥(yao)草喻(yu)述成印可,然(ran)后方為(wei)授記,故(gu)有第五《藥(yao)草喻(yu)品》和第六《授記品》。
以(yi)上(shang)二周說(shuo)法僅是度(du)化(hua)(hua)了上(shang)根(gen)、中(zhong)根(gen)的聲(sheng)聞(wen)(wen),下(xia)根(gen)聲(sheng)聞(wen)(wen)在第七《化(hua)(hua)城喻品》中(zhong)通過佛告知彼等往昔大乘因(yin)緣令他們自識宿因(yin)而得度(du)。下(xia)根(gen)聲(sheng)聞(wen)(wen)領解佛乘后的授記之事在第八《五(wu)百弟子授記品》和第九《授學(xue)無學(xue)人記品》闡(chan)述。至此(ci)三周說(shuo)法圓滿,跡門正宗分(fen)告一段落。
自第十(shi)《法師品》至第十(shi)四《安樂行品》共五品是(shi)跡門(men)流通分。
上(shang)來(lai)八品三(san)周說法(fa)(fa),三(san)根得記,已定作法(fa)(fa)王(佛(fo));欲(yu)登法(fa)(fa)師位,必明(ming)法(fa)(fa)師行,故次于(yu)授記后而有第十《法(fa)(fa)師品》,以示(shi)成佛(fo)之路(lu)徑(jing)。
既聞(wen)三周(zhou)說法(fa),開方(fang)便(bian)門,示真實(shi)相(xiang)(xiang),又(you)于(yu)《法(fa)師(shi)品(pin)》起自利(li)利(li)他(ta)之行,由是凈心實(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)于(yu)覆(fu)障中(zhong)(zhong)顯現(xian),這(zhe)是多寶(bao)(bao)塔涌現(xian)的因緣,也是第十一(yi)《見寶(bao)(bao)塔品(pin)》的由來。多寶(bao)(bao)塔喻如《法(fa)華經》所(suo)說凈心實(shi)相(xiang)(xiang),利(li)根人見寶(bao)(bao)塔即(ji)見一(yi)心實(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)。第十一(yi)《見寶(bao)(bao)塔品(pin)》有(you)承前(qian)啟后之深旨。承前(qian),塔中(zhong)(zhong)多寶(bao)(bao)如來出大音(yin)聲,證(zheng)明釋迦世(shi)尊所(suo)說法(fa)華會(hui)三歸(gui)一(yi),皆是真實(shi)。啟后,本(ben)(ben)品(pin)中(zhong)(zhong)本(ben)(ben)師(shi)一(yi)佛(fo)(fo)身攝十方(fang)分身諸佛(fo)(fo),就佛(fo)(fo)身而(er)言,為后文開跡顯本(ben)(ben)之前(qian)方(fang)便(bian),為本(ben)(ben)門《壽量品(pin)》埋下伏筆(bi)。
第十二(er)(er)《提婆達多(duo)品(pin)》與前品(pin)《見寶塔(ta)品(pin)》似(si)乎沒有太大(da)關聯,然而(er)同屬于跡門的流(liu)通分,本(ben)品(pin)闡述提婆達多(duo)為釋迦(jia)成佛(fo)(fo)之(zhi)增上緣,人們眼中(zhong)的惡人也得(de)到授記成佛(fo)(fo);又本(ben)品(pin)闡述龍女成佛(fo)(fo),此皆證明(ming)法(fa)華一(yi)佛(fo)(fo)乘之(zhi)殊勝,自行化他,同成佛(fo)(fo)道,與前品(pin)宗(zong)旨本(ben)無二(er)(er)致。
佛(fo)于前(qian)《見寶塔(ta)品》末,勸(quan)募發愿弘揚(yang)此(ci)(ci)經(jing)之(zhi)人(ren),又(you)于《提婆(po)達多品》以古今(jin)事例,贊嘆(tan)此(ci)(ci)經(jing)功德殊勝以勸(quan)受(shou)持,故(gu)有(you)諸菩薩(sa)聲聞等,稟承佛(fo)的遺命,來(lai)受(shou)持此(ci)(ci)經(jing)并弘揚(yang)此(ci)(ci)經(jing),這是(shi)第十三《勸(quan)持品》的由來(lai)。本品中,佛(fo)為姨(yi)母及羅睺羅母耶輸陀羅授(shou)記(ji),這是(shi)因為佛(fo)為前(qian)正宗分的三根(gen)授(shou)記(ji)中,未及尼(ni)眾,《法師品》廣記(ji)也(ye)未說尼(ni)名,故(gu)在此(ci)(ci)品有(you)授(shou)尼(ni)眾之(zhi)記(ji),如此(ci)(ci)始稱平等圓滿(man)。
第十(shi)四《安樂(le)行品》是跡(ji)門流通(tong)分(fen)的最后一品,有成前開(kai)后之意。因上
來三(san)周說(shuo)法,三(san)根授記(ji),已令聲(sheng)聞回小向大發菩提心(xin),在本品(pin)中又(you)示(shi)依此(ci)(ci)經自行(xing)化他,勸(quan)募弘通妙(miao)法的五(wu)種法師,此(ci)(ci)為(wei)(wei)開前。前品(pin)既得圣(sheng)眾(zhong)受(shou)命持弘,今品(pin)為(wei)(wei)初心(xin)的菩薩開示(shi)佛滅后惡世中的五(wu)種法師應當住于行(xing)處(chu)親近處(chu),而修身(shen)、口、意、誓愿四安樂行(xing),然后可得萬行(xing)一(yi)心(xin),三(san)身(shen)一(yi)體的佛果,這是開后壽量品(pin)。
從第十(shi)五《從地涌出品》到(dao)經末共十(shi)四品是本門,說開(kai)近顯遠之(zhi)大義。
上一(yi)(yi)品(pin)示(shi)四安(an)樂行,一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)皆是要求從(cong)吾人清凈心地(di)(di)(di)上著(zhu)(zhu)力,觀空不著(zhu)(zhu)空,涉有(you)(you)不滯有(you)(you)。第十五《從(cong)地(di)(di)(di)涌(yong)(yong)出品(pin)》所舉從(cong)地(di)(di)(di)涌(yong)(yong)出住空的(de)(de)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)們即是成就四行之人。從(cong)地(di)(di)(di)故(gu)(gu)(gu)不著(zhu)(zhu)空,住空故(gu)(gu)(gu)不著(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you),不著(zhu)(zhu)二(er)(er)邊,即是中道。《從(cong)地(di)(di)(di)涌(yong)(yong)出品(pin)》前半所說即是以(yi)這些無(wu)量千萬億(yi)地(di)(di)(di)涌(yong)(yong)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)(de)久(jiu)度因緣作為如(ru)來(lai)開近顯遠的(de)(de)發起。因下方涌(yong)(yong)出諸菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)具有(you)(you)三十二(er)(er)相,久(jiu)習(xi)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)所行,其數無(wu)量,引起此土菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)(de)懷疑,故(gu)(gu)(gu)在后半品(pin)中彌勒代表大眾請疑,由此佛講(jiang)述了如(ru)來(lai)無(wu)盡的(de)(de)壽(shou)量,而有(you)(you)了第十六《如(ru)來(lai)壽(shou)量品(pin)》。
《如來壽量品》中(zhong),世尊以(yi)良醫(yi)留藥喻顯(xian)示佛(fo)乃化滅(mie)而大(da)非真滅(mie),伽耶始(shi)成(cheng)的(de)新佛(fo)不(bu)過垂跡而已,實(shi)際上世尊于(yu)百千萬億那由他劫以(yi)前便已成(cheng)佛(fo),就佛(fo)身(shen)而言,此品乃開跡顯(xian)本(ben)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)點(dian),經(jing)中(zhong)于(yu)此始(shi)開八相成(cheng)道垂跡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化身(shen),而顯(xian)久遠實(shi)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)身(shen)。
自第(di)十(shi)(shi)七《分別功德品(pin)(pin)》后半(ban)品(pin)(pin)至第(di)二十(shi)(shi)《常不輕菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)品(pin)(pin)》,共三品(pin)(pin)半(ban),是本師贊(zan)美人(ren)法(fa),以(yi)(yi)勸弘(hong)通(tong)。次有(you)二品(pin)(pin),以(yi)(yi)佛神力囑累弘(hong)通(tong)。自第(di)二十(shi)(shi)三《藥(yao)王品(pin)(pin)》以(yi)(yi)下五品(pin)(pin),是舉諸大菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)受命弘(hong)通(tong),以(yi)(yi)苦行、妙(miao)行、圓行、助行、正見行等不思議(yi)力用,以(yi)(yi)勸弘(hong)通(tong)。
第十七《分別功德品》的(de)前半品屬于(yu)本門的(de)正(zheng)宗分,是闡(chan)述諸大菩薩(sa)聞佛壽命長遠(yuan)如是,當下獲證(zheng)許(xu)多殊勝法益。后(hou)半品校量勝劣及后(hou)時信(xin)解持經利益,屬于(yu)本門流(liu)通(tong)分的(de)贊美(mei)人(ren)法,分別說明聞法菩薩(sa)所得功德證(zheng)悟(wu)之相,及一般解悟(wu)之相,并以行(xing)五度功德與之比較優劣。
第(di)十八《隨喜(xi)功(gong)(gong)德(de)品(pin)》特為(wei)佛滅(mie)(mie)后,但(dan)有(you)(you)一(yi)念隨喜(xi),未(wei)有(you)(you)事(shi)行(xing)的人,明(ming)其所獲功(gong)(gong)德(de)也功(gong)(gong)超無學,令一(yi)切見聞法華者生仰慕心。又(you),前品(pin)具(ju)明(ming)佛滅(mie)(mie)后信(xin)持(chi)此經有(you)(you)五品(pin)(為(wei)隨喜(xi)、讀誦、說法、兼行(xing)六(liu)度、正(zheng)行(xing)六(liu)度)益,唯初(chu)品(pin)(隨喜(xi))未(wei)有(you)(you)校量功(gong)(gong)德(de),故有(you)(you)此品(pin)廣為(wei)校量。
第(di)十九《法(fa)(fa)師功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de)品(pin)》廣(guang)舉五事(受持讀誦解說(shuo)書寫),隨(sui)其一事行(xing)成,當得六根清凈功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de),這是(shi)舉果以勸修因(yin)。又,前品(pin)正明(ming)隨(sui)喜(xi)(xi)福德(de)(de),是(shi)聽聞法(fa)(fa)華,隨(sui)喜(xi)(xi)他人(ren)行(xing)持法(fa)(fa)華所得,今(jin)(jin)品(pin)是(shi)正明(ming)自(zi)己行(xing)持法(fa)(fa)華所得福德(de)(de)。由隨(sui)喜(xi)(xi)而自(zi)行(xing),由易而難(nan),這是(shi)理所必(bi)然,故有今(jin)(jin)品(pin)。亦(yi)即是(shi)說(shuo),前品(pin)《隨(sui)喜(xi)(xi)功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de)品(pin)》是(shi)流(liu)通初隨(sui)喜(xi)(xi)“因(yin)”功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de),本品(pin)《法(fa)(fa)師功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de)品(pin)》勸說(shuo)流(liu)通初隨(sui)喜(xi)(xi)“果”功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de)。
《法師功德(de)品》所說的(de)行(xing)持法華可(ke)得六根清凈功德(de)的(de)事,在(zai)第二(er)十(shi)《常不(bu)(bu)輕菩薩(sa)品》中得到證明(ming)。不(bu)(bu)輕菩薩(sa),依法華經修不(bu)(bu)輕普敬之行(xing),住弘經三軌(gui),而得六根清凈,證成非妄(wang)。這是勸勉見聞者,亦(yi)當如菩薩(sa)所行(xing)。
自(zi)(zi)第十七《分別功(gong)(gong)德(de)品(pin)(pin)》的(de)后半品(pin)(pin)文,及《隨(sui)喜功(gong)(gong)德(de)》、《法師功(gong)(gong)德(de)品(pin)(pin)》、《常(chang)不輕(qing)菩薩品(pin)(pin)》三品(pin)(pin)半文,是說功(gong)(gong)德(de)流通。自(zi)(zi)第二十一(yi)《如(ru)來神力品(pin)(pin)》以下八(ba)品(pin)(pin)為是釋尊付囑,勸請流通。
佛(fo)以(yi)不(bu)思議口輪說本(ben)跡二門已竟(jing),再以(yi)不(bu)思議身(shen)輪現無比(bi)神(shen)(shen)通(tong)之力(li)用,付囑流(liu)通(tong)本(ben)跡二門之教,這是第(di)二十一(yi)《如(ru)(ru)來(lai)神(shen)(shen)力(li)品》的由(you)來(lai)。如(ru)(ru)來(lai)為囑累妙法而現神(shen)(shen)力(li),以(yi)神(shen)(shen)力(li)再三囑咐菩薩,令其護持流(liu)通(tong)此經,這是第(di)二十二《囑累品》的由(you)來(lai)。
第(di)二十三《藥(yao)王(wang)菩(pu)薩本事(shi)品》以下(xia)的六品屬于化他流通。
《藥(yao)王菩(pu)薩本事品》中講(jiang)述藥(yao)王菩(pu)薩的因地一切眾生喜見菩(pu)薩以(yi)燃身苦(ku)行來(lai)
流(liu)通(tong)(tong)一乘妙(miao)(miao)法。藥王燃身功德雖大,佛(fo)恐(kong)初心(xin)菩(pu)(pu)薩執苦行(xing)為(wei)究(jiu)竟,故在(zai)第二十四(si)《妙(miao)(miao)音菩(pu)(pu)薩品(pin)(pin)》中(zhong)說(shuo)妙(miao)(miao)音菩(pu)(pu)薩神通(tong)(tong)智慧(hui),中(zhong)道行(xing)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)跡。又,前品(pin)(pin)一切眾(zhong)生(sheng)喜見菩(pu)(pu)薩兩(liang)世都生(sheng)在(zai)佛(fo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)凈(jing)土(tu),恐(kong)聞者凈(jing)穢之見難忘,心(xin)存愛憎(zeng),故特(te)告敕妙(miao)(miao)音菩(pu)(pu)薩,莫輕娑婆,生(sheng)下劣想。令(ling)眾(zhong)生(sheng)去(qu)除情見,了知(zhi)法界(jie)一相。佛(fo)為(wei)未發心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)眾(zhong)生(sheng)能受(shou)(shou)持(chi)法華(hua),故說(shuo)第二十五(wu)《觀世音菩(pu)(pu)薩普門品(pin)(pin)》;為(wei)護已發心(xin)受(shou)(shou)持(chi)法華(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)弟(di)子(zi),免除障難,故說(shuo)第二十六《陀(tuo)羅尼品(pin)(pin)》。然而為(wei)示摧(cui)伏魔(mo)怨,可賴咒力;具足正見,須假(jia)善知(zhi)識(shi),故有第二十七《妙(miao)(miao)莊嚴王本事(shi)品(pin)(pin)》。而以(yi)普賢(xian)菩(pu)(pu)薩神通(tong)(tong)誓(shi)愿不思議的(de)(de)(de)(de)普賢(xian)愿行(xing),勸(quan)發弘(hong)通(tong)(tong)法華(hua),作為(wei)本經(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結束。
由上觀之,全(quan)經的次第脈絡(luo)是十分清晰(xi)明朗的,經文二十八品(pin)一(yi)路展現(xian)的是法華(hua)三(san)乘方便,一(yi)乘真實的主旨,以(yi)及如(ru)來(lai)開近顯(xian)遠的真正目的。二十八品(pin)中(zhong)也處(chu)處(chu)貫(guan)穿著戒定慧三(san)學、空假中(zhong)三(san)觀、衣室座三(san)軌等自行(xing)化(hua)他的妙(miao)(miao)法,這需要讀經者用心(xin)留(liu)意體(ti)會。更重要的是,本經以(yi)文殊答問居全(quan)經之始,強調開發智慧才能(neng)(neng)開示(shi)悟入(ru)佛之知見;而(er)以(yi)普賢勸發作(zuo)全(quan)經之終,說(shuo)明唯有(you)大行(xing)方能(neng)(neng)成(cheng)萬(wan)德之佛果(guo)。如(ru)此智行(xing)相成(cheng),菩(pu)薩可得(de)弘通妙(miao)(miao)法,成(cheng)就一(yi)佛乘之果(guo)。
是本經(jing)的(de)總(zong)序(xu),佛說無(wu)量(liang)義經(jing)后,入無(wu)量(liang)義處三(san)昧,天(tian)上降下種(zhong)種(zhong)妙華,佛的(de)眉間白毫(hao)放大光明。彌勒菩薩因疑(yi)發問(wen),文殊師利菩薩作答:過去諸佛宣說《法華經(jing)》前,皆現此(ci)瑞。暗示佛說此(ci)經(jing)之殊勝處有別于他經(jing),喚起(qi)大眾的(de)注(zhu)意(yi)。
此品與(yu)后面壽量品,是(shi)《法(fa)華經(jing)》的兩大(da)(da)中心,為本經(jing)正宗分。佛(fo)(fo)由三(san)昧起,稱(cheng)嘆諸佛(fo)(fo)智慧(hui)甚深(shen)無量,難解難入(ru),佛(fo)(fo)說諸佛(fo)(fo)究竟了知(zhi)諸法(fa)實(shi)相(xiang)——“十如是(shi)”。為令聲聞、緣(yuan)覺二(er)乘(cheng)人斷苦縛(fu)、得涅槃,佛(fo)(fo)以方便力(li),曾分說三(san)乘(cheng)之教(jiao)(jiao),今日(ri)所說才是(shi)佛(fo)(fo)的真實(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)法(fa)。五千增上慢者(zhe)退席,佛(fo)(fo)乃宣示唯一大(da)(da)事(shi)因(yin)緣(yuan),所謂開、示、悟、入(ru)佛(fo)(fo)之知(zhi)見(jian);一切(qie)眾生皆(jie)當作(zuo)佛(fo)(fo),實(shi)無三(san)乘(cheng)。
自此品至第九“授學無學人(ren)記(ji)品”為(wei)止的(de)七(qi)品,是將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)方(fang)便品內容(rong)進(jin)一(yi)步以(yi)(yi)譬(pi)喻(yu)(yu)及因(yin)緣(yuan)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)說(shuo)明(ming)。該(gai)品說(shuo)明(ming)舍(she)利弗(fu)最(zui)先(xian)領解佛(fo)意,故被授記(ji)為(wei)華光如來。佛(fo)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)三(san)(san)(san)界(jie)譬(pi)喻(yu)(yu)為(wei)火宅,將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)三(san)(san)(san)乘(cheng)喻(yu)(yu)為(wei)“羊、鹿(lu)、牛三(san)(san)(san)車(che)”,將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)佛(fo)乘(cheng)喻(yu)(yu)為(wei)“大白(bai)牛車(che)”,以(yi)(yi)有名的(de)“火宅喻(yu)(yu)”和“三(san)(san)(san)車(che)一(yi)車(che)”之喻(yu)(yu),顯(xian)示“于一(yi)佛(fo)乘(cheng),分別說(shuo)三(san)(san)(san)”及“唯有一(yi)乘(cheng)法,無二(er)亦無三(san)(san)(san)”的(de)深義。
須菩提(ti)、迦旃延、大(da)迦葉、目犍連(lian),于上品(pin)領解(jie)佛意。佛更說“長者窮(qiong)子”喻(yu),佛喻(yu)為大(da)慈悲的(de)長者,三(san)乘(cheng)譬喻(yu)為窮(qiong)子,導出(chu)“于一乘(cheng)道,隨宜說三(san)”的(de)結論。
佛(fo)應四(si)人(ren)之請,更以“三草(cao)(cao)二(er)木”將人(ren)天二(er)乘(cheng)譬喻為大、中、小藥草(cao)(cao),將上根、下根菩薩喻為大樹(shu)和小樹(shu),將佛(fo)的(de)平(ping)(ping)等(deng)智慧譬喻為一(yi)味之雨。三千(qian)大千(qian)世界(jie)的(de)大小長(chang)短諸種草(cao)(cao)木,悉受一(yi)味之雨而潤澤成長(chang),如同佛(fo)以一(yi)相一(yi)味之法,平(ping)(ping)等(deng)利益一(yi)切(qie)眾生。
授大迦(jia)葉等四人將來成佛之記。
先(xian)說大通智(zhi)勝佛(fo)時十六王(wang)子聽講《法華經》而轉為(wei)菩(pu)薩沙彌,后(hou)乃成(cheng)佛(fo)。次說“化城喻”,三乘(cheng)之果不外是化城,目的是為(wei)入(ru)佛(fo)智(zhi)慧、最終(zhong)成(cheng)佛(fo)。
富樓(lou)那(nei)為上首(shou),五百弟子皆(jie)得受記。次說“系珠(zhu)喻”,五百弟子雖(sui)都懷有(you)佛種(zhong),但(dan)未開悟(wu),由煩惱覆藏,如衣里(li)藏有(you)寶珠(zhu),但(dan)因不知,故處于窮困之境。
阿難(nan)、羅(luo)睺(hou)羅(luo)為上首。
佛在世或滅度后(hou),凡隨喜聽聞《法(fa)(fa)華(hua)經》者均(jun)授予成佛的記別。又舉出(chu)修行、受持、讀誦、解(jie)說(shuo)(shuo)、書寫本(ben)經的“五種法(fa)(fa)施”和供(gong)養本(ben)經的“十種”功德。說(shuo)(shuo)謗法(fa)(fa)者之罪,并說(shuo)(shuo)鑿井喻。
多寶(bao)佛(fo)塔(ta)(ta)從地涌(yong)出,證明釋尊(zun)所(suo)說(shuo)真實不虛。釋迦如(ru)來以神(shen)力,三變(bian)凈土,分身(shen)諸佛(fo)咸(xian)集,開多寶(bao)佛(fo)塔(ta)(ta)。多寶(bao)如(ru)來,分半座(zuo)與釋尊(zun)同座(zuo)。
說如(ru)來往昔求法(fa),師事阿私仙得聞妙法(fa)。又(you)授提(ti)婆(po)達多成佛(fo)記。文殊入(ru)龍宮說《法(fa)華經》,八歲龍女(nv)聞經即身成佛(fo),證明(ming)《法(fa)華經》功德(de)廣大。
藥王、大樂說和兩萬(wan)菩薩(sa),各各發愿弘揚《法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)》。被授記的五百阿羅(luo)漢及學無學八千人(ren),以及八十萬(wan)億那由他(ta)無數菩薩(sa),皆誓愿弘此經(jing)典。
文殊請問末世持經方法,佛(fo)(fo)告(gao)以(yi)(yi)身、口(kou)、意、誓愿四安樂行,并以(yi)(yi)轉(zhuan)輪圣王髻中明(ming)珠罕(han)見(jian)授人來譬(pi)喻佛(fo)(fo)不輕易講說經中最尊最勝(sheng)的(de)《法華經》。
六萬(wan)恒(heng)(heng)沙菩薩(sa)及其(qi)眷(juan)屬從地踴(yong)出,大(da)眾疑(yi)惑,不知(zhi)此等恒(heng)(heng)河沙數菩薩(sa)為(wei)誰(shui)之弟(di)子?從何處而(er)來?此為(wei)佛開顯“久遠實成”佛果的序(xu)曲。
釋尊說明“我(wo)實成佛(fo)(fo)以(yi)(yi)來,無量無邊百千萬億那由他(ta)劫”,而其中間乃(nai)至今生(sheng)(sheng),皆(jie)是方(fang)(fang)便示現(xian)。又(you)說“佛(fo)(fo)壽長(chang)遠”、“佛(fo)(fo)身常(chang)住”。以(yi)(yi)良醫之譬喻(yu)說明為救(jiu)眾生(sheng)(sheng)而示現(xian)方(fang)(fang)便。佛(fo)(fo)實際上是“常(chang)在靈鷲山”、“常(chang)住說此法”,為使眾生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)起(qi)懈怠之念,故示現(xian)滅度。此品旨(zhi)在說明佛(fo)(fo)陀“壽命(ming)之無量”、“教化(hua)之無量”、“慈悲之無量”及“救(jiu)濟之無量”。
說明與(yu)會者(zhe)聞法獲(huo)益之多,和五(wu)品弟子功德(de)。
是繼上(shang)品所說(shuo)者,說(shuo)明聽(ting)聞(wen)、講述此經的廣大功(gong)德。
明五種法(fa)師的(de)功德,得六根(gen)清凈神通力。
說明常(chang)不(bu)輕菩薩,以隨喜行(xing),得清凈六根,說《法華經》,以此顯(xian)示(shi)贊嘆本經功德。
佛(fo)出(chu)廣長舌相,放毛(mao)孔(kong)光(guang)。以此(ci)神(shen)力(li),為囑付滅后傳此(ci)經,捷要地說此(ci)經功德。此(ci)經所在(zai)之處(chu)就是(shi)道(dao)場,諸佛(fo)在(zai)此(ci)處(chu)成道(dao)、轉(zhuan)法輪,并在(zai)此(ci)處(chu)涅槃。
此品為對諸(zhu)菩薩“總付(fu)囑”,三摸(mo)眾菩薩頂而囑付(fu)之(zhi)。
自此(ci)品開(kai)始到第二十八(ba)勸(quan)發品,詳說佛滅后弘此(ci)經(jing)的(de)必要(yao)及弘經(jing)的(de)功德(de)。該品舉出(chu)藥王菩薩過(guo)去為(wei)一切(qie)眾生喜見菩薩,燒(shao)臂供養,以報(bao)答聽日月凈明德(de)佛講《法華經(jing)》之恩。
敘(xu)述變現34身,說《法華(hua)經》的(de)妙音菩(pu)薩,從東方凈光莊(zhuang)嚴國來到靈鷲山,禮拜釋(shi)尊及多寶佛塔,以(yi)顯宣說《法華(hua)經》的(de)重要意義。
無盡(jin)意菩薩(sa)請問觀(guan)世音菩薩(sa)的(de)神(shen)通因緣,佛(fo)為說14種無畏,32種應化身等種種功德(de)。
菩薩(sa)及天神等,各(ge)各(ge)說咒護持受持《法華經(jing)》者(zhe)。
述說藥(yao)王(wang)、藥(yao)上二菩薩的(de)往昔事跡,他們為凈(jing)(jing)藏、凈(jing)(jing)眼二王(wang)子時,勸父(fu)母歸依其師云雷音王(wang)佛,使他們聽(ting)講《法(fa)華經》的(de)大善因(yin)緣,以顯示(shi)遇(yu)佛、聽(ting)《法(fa)華經》之難得。
佛(fo)為普賢說佛(fo)滅度后得《法(fa)華經》的(de)四個方(fang)法(fa)。普賢發愿護(hu)持受《法(fa)華經》者。
爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)告(gao)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)及(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)四(si)(si)(si)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):吾(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)過去無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)劫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)經無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)懈倦(juan)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)劫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)常作(zuo)國(guo)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),發(fa)(fa)愿求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti),心(xin)(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退(tui)轉(zhuan)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)欲(yu)滿(man)足(zu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)波(bo)(bo)(bo)羅(luo)蜜(mi),勤(qin)行(xing)布施,心(xin)(xin)(xin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吝惜,象(xiang)馬七(qi)珍、國(guo)城(cheng)妻子(zi)(zi)、奴婢仆從(cong)、頭(tou)目(mu)髓腦、身(shen)(shen)肉手足(zu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惜軀命。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民壽命無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)故(gu),捐(juan)舍(she)(she)(she)國(guo)位,委政太子(zi)(zi),擊鼓宣(xuan)令(ling)(ling),四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa):誰能為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)乘(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),吾(wu)當(dang)(dang)(dang)終身(shen)(shen)供(gong)(gong)給走使。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),來(lai)白王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)言(yan):我(wo)(wo)(wo)有(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)乘(cheng),名(ming)(ming)(ming)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua)經,若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)違(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo),當(dang)(dang)(dang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聞(wen)仙(xian)(xian)言(yan),歡(huan)喜踴躍,即隨(sui)仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),供(gong)(gong)給所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)需(xu),采果、汲水,拾薪(xin)、設食,乃(nai)至(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)身(shen)(shen)而(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)床座,身(shen)(shen)心(xin)(xin)(xin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)倦(juan)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)奉(feng)事,經于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)歲,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)故(gu),精(jing)勤(qin)給侍,令(ling)(ling)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)乏。爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊欲(yu)重(zhong)宣(xuan)此(ci)義,而(er)(er)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)偈言(yan):我(wo)(wo)(wo)念(nian)過去劫,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)故(gu),雖作(zuo)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貪五(wu)(wu)(wu)欲(yu)樂(le)(le)。捶(chui)鐘(zhong)告(gao)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)(fang):誰有(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)(ruo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)解(jie)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),身(shen)(shen)當(dang)(dang)(dang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)奴仆。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)阿(a)私仙(xian)(xian),來(lai)白于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang):我(wo)(wo)(wo)有(you)微妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)稀(xi)有(you),若(ruo)(ruo)能修(xiu)(xiu)行(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),吾(wu)當(dang)(dang)(dang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)汝(ru)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聞(wen)仙(xian)(xian)言(yan),心(xin)(xin)(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)喜悅(yue),即便(bian)隨(sui)仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),供(gong)(gong)給于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)需(xu)。采薪(xin)及(ji)果蓏,隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)恭敬(jing)(jing)與(yu),情存妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)故(gu),身(shen)(shen)心(xin)(xin)(xin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)懈倦(juan)。普為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),勤(qin)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己身(shen)(shen),及(ji)以(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)欲(yu)樂(le)(le)。故(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)國(guo)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),勤(qin)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)獲此(ci)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),遂致得(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),今故(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)汝(ru)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)告(gao)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)比丘(qiu):爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),則我(wo)(wo)(wo)身(shen)(shen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),今提(ti)(ti)婆(po)達多(duo)(duo)(duo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)。由提(ti)(ti)婆(po)達多(duo)(duo)(duo)善(shan)知(zhi)(zhi)識故(gu),令(ling)(ling)我(wo)(wo)(wo)具(ju)足(zu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)波(bo)(bo)(bo)羅(luo)蜜(mi),慈(ci)悲喜舍(she)(she)(she),三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二相(xiang)(xiang),八(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)好,紫磨金色(se),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)力、四(si)(si)(si)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)畏、四(si)(si)(si)攝法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)共(gong)(gong)、神(shen)通道(dao)(dao)力,成(cheng)(cheng)等正覺(jue)(jue)(jue),廣(guang)度眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),皆(jie)因提(ti)(ti)婆(po)達多(duo)(duo)(duo)善(shan)知(zhi)(zhi)識故(gu)。告(gao)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)四(si)(si)(si)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),提(ti)(ti)婆(po)達多(duo)(duo)(duo)卻后(hou)過無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)劫,當(dang)(dang)(dang)得(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),號(hao)曰天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)如(ru)來(lai)、應供(gong)(gong)、正遍(bian)知(zhi)(zhi)、明行(xing)足(zu)、善(shan)逝、世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間解(jie)、無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上士(shi)、調(diao)御丈夫(fu)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊,世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界名(ming)(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)道(dao)(dao)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)住(zhu)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)劫,廣(guang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),恒河沙(sha)(sha)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)阿(a)羅(luo)漢(han)果,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)緣覺(jue)(jue)(jue)心(xin)(xin)(xin),恒河沙(sha)(sha)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上道(dao)(dao)心(xin)(xin)(xin),得(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)忍,至(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退(tui)轉(zhuan)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)般涅槃后(hou),正法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)住(zhu)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)劫,全(quan)身(shen)(shen)舍(she)(she)(she)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),起七(qi)寶(bao)(bao)塔,高六(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由旬(xun),縱廣(guang)四(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由旬(xun),諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民悉以(yi)(yi)雜(za)華(hua)、末香、燒(shao)香、涂香,衣服(fu)、瓔珞、幢幡、寶(bao)(bao)蓋(gai),伎樂(le)(le)歌頌、禮(li)拜供(gong)(gong)養七(qi)寶(bao)(bao)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)塔。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)阿(a)羅(luo)漢(han)果,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)悟辟支佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可思議眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)心(xin)(xin)(xin),至(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退(tui)轉(zhuan)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)告(gao)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)比丘(qiu):未(wei)(wei)來(lai)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),若(ruo)(ruo)有(you)善(shan)男子(zi)(zi)、善(shan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),聞(wen)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)經提(ti)(ti)婆(po)達多(duo)(duo)(duo)品,凈心(xin)(xin)(xin)信(xin)(xin)敬(jing)(jing),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)疑惑(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)墮地(di)獄、餓鬼、畜生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)前(qian)(qian),所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)處,常聞(wen)此(ci)經。若(ruo)(ruo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)天(tian)(tian)(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)勝妙(miao)(miao)(miao)樂(le)(le),若(ruo)(ruo)在(zai)(zai)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)前(qian)(qian),蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),下(xia)方(fang)(fang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)從(cong)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa),名(ming)(ming)(ming)曰智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji),白多(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo):當(dang)(dang)(dang)還本(ben)土。釋(shi)(shi)迦牟尼(ni)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)告(gao)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)曰:善(shan)男子(zi)(zi),且(qie)待須臾,此(ci)有(you)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa),名(ming)(ming)(ming)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),可與(yu)相(xiang)(xiang)見(jian),論說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),可還本(ben)土。爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)坐(zuo)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)葉(xie)蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)如(ru)車輪,俱(ju)來(lai)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)亦(yi)(yi)坐(zuo)寶(bao)(bao)蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua),從(cong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)海(hai)(hai)娑(suo)竭羅(luo)龍(long)(long)宮自然涌出(chu),住(zhu)虛(xu)空(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),詣靈鷲(jiu)山,從(cong)蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua)下(xia),至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo),頭(tou)面(mian)敬(jing)(jing)禮(li)二世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊足(zu)。修(xiu)(xiu)敬(jing)(jing)已(yi)(yi)畢(bi),往(wang)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo),共(gong)(gong)相(xiang)(xiang)慰問,卻坐(zuo)一(yi)(yi)面(mian)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)問文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li):仁(ren)往(wang)龍(long)(long)宮,所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)化(hua)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),其(qi)(qi)數幾何(he)(he)?文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)言(yan):其(qi)(qi)數無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可稱計,非(fei)口所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)宣(xuan),非(fei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)測(ce),且(qie)待須臾,自當(dang)(dang)(dang)證知(zhi)(zhi)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)言(yan)未(wei)(wei)竟,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)坐(zuo)寶(bao)(bao)蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua),從(cong)海(hai)(hai)涌出(chu),詣靈鷲(jiu)山,住(zhu)虛(xu)空(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。此(ci)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa),皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)化(hua)度,具(ju)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)行(xing),皆(jie)共(gong)(gong)論說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)六(liu)(liu)(liu)波(bo)(bo)(bo)羅(luo)蜜(mi);本(ben)聲聞(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),在(zai)(zai)虛(xu)空(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)聲聞(wen)行(xing),今皆(jie)修(xiu)(xiu)行(xing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)乘(cheng)空(kong)義。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)謂智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)曰:于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)海(hai)(hai)教(jiao)化(hua),其(qi)(qi)事如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)。爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)以(yi)(yi)偈贊曰:大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)勇健,化(hua)度無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),今此(ci)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)會(hui),及(ji)我(wo)(wo)(wo)皆(jie)已(yi)(yi)見(jian)。演暢實(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)義,開闡一(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),廣(guang)導諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),令(ling)(ling)速成(cheng)(cheng)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)言(yan):我(wo)(wo)(wo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)海(hai)(hai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),惟常宣(xuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)經。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)問文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)言(yan):此(ci)經甚深微妙(miao)(miao)(miao),諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao),世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)稀(xi)有(you),頗有(you)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)勤(qin)加精(jing)進,修(xiu)(xiu)行(xing)此(ci)經,速得(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)否?文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)言(yan):有(you)娑(suo)竭羅(luo)龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv),年始八(ba)歲,智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)根,善(shan)知(zhi)(zhi)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)根行(xing)業(ye),得(de)(de)(de)陀羅(luo)尼(ni),諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)甚深秘藏,悉能受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)持(chi)。深入禪定,了達諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)剎那頃發(fa)(fa)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)心(xin)(xin)(xin),得(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退(tui)轉(zhuan),辯才(cai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)礙。慈(ci)念(nian)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)猶如(ru)赤(chi)子(zi)(zi),功(gong)德(de)具(ju)足(zu)。心(xin)(xin)(xin)念(nian)口演,微妙(miao)(miao)(miao)廣(guang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),慈(ci)悲仁(ren)讓,志(zhi)意和雅,能至(zhi)(zhi)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)言(yan):我(wo)(wo)(wo)見(jian)釋(shi)(shi)迦如(ru)來(lai),于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)劫難行(xing)苦(ku)行(xing),積(ji)(ji)功(gong)累德(de),求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)道(dao)(dao),未(wei)(wei)曾止息,觀三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界,乃(nai)至(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)如(ru)芥子(zi)(zi)許(xu),非(fei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)舍(she)(she)(she)身(shen)(shen)命處,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)故(gu),然后(hou)乃(nai)得(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)道(dao)(dao),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)信(xin)(xin)此(ci)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)須臾頃便(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)正覺(jue)(jue)(jue)。言(yan)論未(wei)(wei)訖(qi),時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)忽現于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)(qian),頭(tou)面(mian)禮(li)敬(jing)(jing),卻住(zhu)一(yi)(yi)面(mian),以(yi)(yi)偈贊曰:深達罪(zui)福(fu)相(xiang)(xiang),遍(bian)照于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang),微妙(miao)(miao)(miao)凈法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)身(shen)(shen),具(ju)相(xiang)(xiang)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二,以(yi)(yi)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)好,用莊(zhuang)嚴法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)身(shen)(shen)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)戴(dai)仰,龍(long)(long)神(shen)咸恭敬(jing)(jing),一(yi)(yi)切眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)類,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宗奉(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。又(you)聞(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti),唯佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)當(dang)(dang)(dang)證知(zhi)(zhi),我(wo)(wo)(wo)闡大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)乘(cheng)教(jiao),度脫苦(ku)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舍(she)(she)(she)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)弗(fu)語龍(long)(long)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)言(yan):汝(ru)謂不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久得(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上道(dao)(dao),是(shi)(shi)(shi)事難信(xin)(xin)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he)?女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)身(shen)(shen)垢(gou)穢,非(fei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器,云(yun)何(he)(he)能得(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)?佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)道(dao)(dao)懸曠,經無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)劫,勤(qin)苦(ku)積(ji)(ji)行(xing),具(ju)修(xiu)(xiu)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)度,然后(hou)乃(nai)成(cheng)(cheng)。又(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)(shen)猶有(you)五(wu)(wu)(wu)障,一(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)梵天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)帝釋(shi)(shi),三(san)(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)魔王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),四(si)(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)轉(zhuan)輪圣王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),五(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)身(shen)(shen)。云(yun)何(he)(he)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)身(shen)(shen)速得(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)?爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)龍(long)(long)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)有(you)一(yi)(yi)寶(bao)(bao)珠,價值三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界,持(chi)以(yi)(yi)上佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)即受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)之(zhi)。龍(long)(long)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)謂智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)、尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)舍(she)(she)(she)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)弗(fu)言(yan):我(wo)(wo)(wo)獻寶(bao)(bao)珠,世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊納受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou),是(shi)(shi)(shi)事疾否?答言(yan):甚疾。女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)言(yan):以(yi)(yi)汝(ru)神(shen)力觀我(wo)(wo)(wo)成(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),復速于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)皆(jie)見(jian)龍(long)(long)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv),忽然之(zhi)間變成(cheng)(cheng)男子(zi)(zi),具(ju)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)行(xing),即往(wang)南方(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)垢(gou)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界,坐(zuo)寶(bao)(bao)蓮(lian)(lian)華(hua),成(cheng)(cheng)等正覺(jue)(jue)(jue),三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二相(xiang)(xiang)、八(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)好,普為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)切眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)演說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)妙(miao)(miao)(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。爾(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),娑(suo)婆(po)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)、聲聞(wen)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)龍(long)(long)八(ba)部、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)非(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),皆(jie)遙見(jian)彼龍(long)(long)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)成(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),普為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)天(tian)(tian)(tian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),心(xin)(xin)(xin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)歡(huan)喜,悉遙敬(jing)(jing)禮(li)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)聞(wen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)解(jie)悟,得(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退(tui)轉(zhuan),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)道(dao)(dao)記(ji)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)垢(gou)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界六(liu)(liu)(liu)反震動(dong),娑(suo)婆(po)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)界,三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)住(zhu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退(tui)地(di),三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)(ti)心(xin)(xin)(xin),而(er)(er)得(de)(de)(de)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)記(ji)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積(ji)(ji)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)(sa)及(ji)舍(she)(she)(she)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)弗(fu),一(yi)(yi)切眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)默(mo)然信(xin)(xin)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)。
爾(er)時,世(shi)尊因藥(yao)(yao)王菩(pu)薩,告八(ba)萬(wan)大(da)士:“藥(yao)(yao)王,汝見是(shi)大(da)眾(zhong)中無量(liang)諸(zhu)天(tian)、龍王、夜叉、乾闥婆、阿修羅(luo)、迦樓羅(luo)、緊那羅(luo)、摩喉羅(luo)伽、人(ren)(ren)與非人(ren)(ren),及比丘、比丘尼、優(you)婆塞、優(you)婆夷(yi),求聲聞者(zhe),求辟支佛(fo)者(zhe),求佛(fo)道者(zhe),如是(shi)等類咸(xian)于(yu)佛(fo)前(qian),聞妙(miao)法(fa)華經一(yi)偈(jie)一(yi)句(ju),乃至一(yi)念隨喜(xi)者(zhe),我(wo)(wo)皆與授(shou)記,當(dang)得阿耨多羅(luo)三(san)藐三(san)菩(pu)提。”佛(fo)告藥(yao)(yao)王:“又(you)如來滅度之(zhi)后(hou),若有人(ren)(ren)聞妙(miao)法(fa)華經乃至一(yi)偈(jie)一(yi)句(ju),一(yi)念隨喜(xi)者(zhe),我(wo)(wo)亦與授(shou)阿耨多羅(luo)三(san)藐三(san)菩(pu)提記。”——《妙(miao)法(fa)蓮華經·法(fa)師品》
“一(yi)切聲聞辟支佛(fo)中(zhong),菩薩為(wei)第一(yi),此經(jing)亦復如(ru)(ru)是,于(yu)一(yi)切諸(zhu)經(jing)法中(zhong),最為(wei)第一(yi)。如(ru)(ru)佛(fo)為(wei)諸(zhu)法王,此經(jing)亦復如(ru)(ru)是,諸(zhu)經(jing)中(zhong)王。”——《妙法蓮華經(jing)·藥王菩薩本(ben)事品(pin)》
“多(duo)有人在家出家行(xing)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)道(dao)(dao),若不能得(de)(de)見(jian)聞讀誦、書持供養是(shi)(shi)法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)者(zhe),當知是(shi)(shi)人未善行(xing)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)道(dao)(dao);若有得(de)(de)聞是(shi)(shi)經(jing)典(dian)者(zhe),乃能善行(xing)菩(pu)(pu)薩(sa)之道(dao)(dao)。其有眾生(sheng)求佛道(dao)(dao)者(zhe),若見(jian)若聞是(shi)(shi)法(fa)華(hua)經(jing),聞已信解受持者(zhe),當知是(shi)(shi)人得(de)(de)近阿耨多(duo)羅三藐(miao)三菩(pu)(pu)提(ti)。”——《妙(miao)法(fa)蓮(lian)華(hua)經(jing)·法(fa)師品》
“諸佛神力(li)(li),如(ru)是無量無邊(bian),不(bu)可思議(yi)。若我以(yi)(yi)是神力(li)(li),于(yu)無量無邊(bian)百千萬億阿僧祗劫,為囑(zhu)累故,說此(ci)經功德,猶不(bu)能盡。以(yi)(yi)要言之,如(ru)來(lai)一切所有之法,如(ru)來(lai)一切自在神力(li)(li),如(ru)來(lai)一切秘要之藏,如(ru)來(lai)一切甚深之事,皆(jie)于(yu)此(ci)經宣示顯說。”——《妙法蓮華經·如(ru)來(lai)神力(li)(li)品》
“若(ruo)人得聞此法華(hua)經,若(ruo)自書(shu)(shu),若(ruo)使人書(shu)(shu),所得功德,以佛智(zhi)慧籌量多少,不得其邊。”——《妙法蓮(lian)華(hua)經·藥王菩薩本事(shi)品》
“此經能(neng)救一切眾(zhong)生(sheng)者,此經能(neng)令一切眾(zhong)生(sheng)離(li)諸苦惱(nao),此經能(neng)大饒益一切眾(zhong)生(sheng),充滿其(qi)愿,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)清涼池能(neng)滿一切諸渴乏者,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)寒得(de)(de)(de)火(huo),如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)裸者得(de)(de)(de)衣,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)商(shang)人(ren)得(de)(de)(de)主,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)子得(de)(de)(de)母,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)渡得(de)(de)(de)船(chuan),如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)病得(de)(de)(de)醫,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)暗(an)得(de)(de)(de)燈(deng),如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)貧得(de)(de)(de)寶,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)民得(de)(de)(de)王(wang),如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)賈客得(de)(de)(de)海,如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)炬除暗(an),此法(fa)華經亦復如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)是,能(neng)令眾(zhong)生(sheng)離(li)一切苦一切病痛(tong),能(neng)解一切生(sheng)死(si)之縛。”——《妙法(fa)蓮華經·藥(yao)王(wang)菩薩本事(shi)品》
“若(ruo)善男子(zi)、善女人(ren)(ren),于(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)(jing)乃至(zhi)一句(ju),受持、讀誦、解說(shuo)(shuo)、書寫,種種供養(yang)(yang)經(jing)(jing)卷,華(hua)香(xiang)瓔珞,末香(xiang)涂香(xiang)燒香(xiang),繒蓋、幢幡(fan)、衣(yi)服、伎(ji)樂、合掌恭敬,是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)一切世間所(suo)應瞻奉(feng),應以如來(lai)供養(yang)(yang)而供養(yang)(yang)之。當知(zhi)(zhi)此人(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)大菩薩(sa),成就(jiu)阿耨(nou)多羅三藐三菩提,哀憫(min)眾生,愿生此間,廣演分(fen)別妙法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)(jing),何(he)況(kuang)(kuang)盡能受持種種供養(yang)(yang)者(zhe)。藥王當知(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)自舍清凈業報,于(yu)(yu)(yu)我滅(mie)(mie)后,憫(min)眾生故,出(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)惡世,廣演此經(jing)(jing)。若(ruo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)善男子(zi)、善女人(ren)(ren),我滅(mie)(mie)度后,能竊為一人(ren)(ren)說(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)(jing)乃至(zhi)一句(ju),當知(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)則(ze)如來(lai)使(shi),如來(lai)所(suo)遣,行如來(lai)事。何(he)況(kuang)(kuang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大眾中廣為人(ren)(ren)說(shuo)(shuo)。”——《妙法(fa)蓮(lian)華(hua)經(jing)(jing)·法(fa)師品(pin)》
“世(shi)尊,于后五百歲(sui)濁惡世(shi)中,其(qi)(qi)有受持是經典者(zhe),我當(dang)守護,除其(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)患,令得(de)安隱,使(shi)無(wu)伺求得(de)其(qi)(qi)便者(zhe),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)魔(mo)(mo)、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)魔(mo)(mo)子、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)魔(mo)(mo)女、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)魔(mo)(mo)民,若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)為魔(mo)(mo)所使(shi)者(zhe),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)夜(ye)叉、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)羅剎、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)鳩槃茶、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)毗舍阇、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)吉蔗、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)富單(dan)那、若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)韋(wei)陀等諸惱人者(zhe),皆不得(de)便。”——《妙法蓮華(hua)經·普(pu)賢菩薩勸發品》
“普(pu)賢,若于(yu)后世,受持讀誦(song)是(shi)經(jing)典者,是(shi)人(ren)不復貪著衣服、臥具、飲食、資(zi)生之物。所(suo)愿不虛(xu),亦于(yu)現(xian)世得其福報。”——《妙(miao)法蓮華經(jing)·普(pu)賢菩薩(sa)勸發品(pin)》
宣化上人《妙法(fa)蓮華經(jing)》淺釋摘錄
……如智(zhi)者(zhe)大(da)師,他是因(yin)為誦(song)持(chi)(chi)法(fa)華(hua)經(jing)而(er)開悟(wu)(wu)。當他誦(song)至(zhi)藥王菩薩本事(shi)品(pin)焚(fen)身供佛(fo)“是真(zhen)精進,是名真(zhen)法(fa)供養(yang)如來”的(de)經(jing)文時(shi),就入了法(fa)華(hua)一(yi)旋三昧之最高境界。在(zai)定中看見(jian)靈山法(fa)會(hui),儼(yan)然(ran)未散,見(jian)到(dao)釋迦牟尼佛(fo)仍然(ran)在(zai)說法(fa)。所以持(chi)(chi)誦(song)經(jing)典亦能開悟(wu)(wu),但(dan)要專心致志,而(er)非一(yi)邊念(nian)佛(fo)一(yi)邊打妄想。若(ruo)人(ren)在(zai)念(nian)佛(fo)時(shi)還在(zai)盤算(suan)著怎樣去賺(zhuan)錢,必(bi)定不能開悟(wu)(wu),因(yin)為這(zhe)是在(zai)念(nian)錢而(er)非念(nian)佛(fo)。……
自(zi)古云:成(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)法(fa)華(hua)(hua),富貴(gui)華(hua)(hua)嚴,開慧楞(leng)嚴。故(gu)(gu)此(ci),歷代祖師(shi)都(dou)教(jiao)于大(da)眾必修三大(da)經(jing)《法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)》《華(hua)(hua)嚴經(jing)》《楞(leng)嚴經(jing)》。在(zai)《法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)》中說(shuo):諸佛(fo)(fo)(fo)世(shi)(shi)尊,唯以一大(da)事因緣故(gu)(gu)出(chu)現(xian)于世(shi)(shi)。欲令(ling)眾生(sheng)開佛(fo)(fo)(fo)知見(jian)使得(de)清(qing)凈故(gu)(gu),出(chu)現(xian)于世(shi)(shi);欲示眾生(sheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)知見(jian)故(gu)(gu),出(chu)現(xian)于世(shi)(shi);欲令(ling)眾生(sheng)悟(wu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)知見(jian)故(gu)(gu),出(chu)現(xian)于世(shi)(shi);欲令(ling)眾生(sheng)入(ru)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)知見(jian)道故(gu)(gu),出(chu)現(xian)于世(shi)(shi)。在(zai)此(ci),可以看出(chu)《法(fa)華(hua)(hua)經(jing)》對整個佛(fo)(fo)(fo)法(fa)的貢獻。因為佛(fo)(fo)(fo)陀指出(chu)種種法(fa)門只是方(fang)便之(zhi)說(shuo),最終目的無非令(ling)所有眾生(sheng)都(dou)能離苦得(de)樂,得(de)證佛(fo)(fo)(fo)果。
經中品品說出行菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)道的(de)重要(yao)性,那(nei)是成佛的(de)因。各(ge)大菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)示現廣度眾生(sheng)的(de)方便(bian)法門,觀世(shi)音(yin)菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)慈悲、普賢菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)行愿(yuan)、常不(bu)輕菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)破除(chu)驕傲心、藥(yao)王菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)精進心、妙(miao)音(yin)菩(pu)(pu)(pu)薩(sa)的(de)方便(bian)度眾心,都(dou)體現了(le)舍己為(wei)人的(de)法華精神(shen)。
而《法華經》教導(dao)我(wo)們(men)(men):那里(li)有苦(ku)(ku)難(nan)眾生我(wo)們(men)(men)必(bi)須(xu)去(qu)救(jiu)度。饑(ji)餓的人們(men)(men)我(wo)們(men)(men)要去(qu)施食,病苦(ku)(ku)的人們(men)(men)我(wo)們(men)(men)要去(qu)施藥和打理(li),無智愚(yu)癡的人和地方我(wo)們(men)(men)要去(qu)弘法。把歡樂的福蔭帶給大家,使沉溺(ni)在生死苦(ku)(ku)海(hai)的人們(men)(men)脫離苦(ku)(ku)海(hai),那就是成佛必(bi)須(xu)具(ju)備(bei)的慈悲喜舍菩薩心。
《法(fa)華經》最大的特色是唯有(you)一佛(fo)乘,方(fang)便(bian)說有(you)三(san)。明知道(dao)修(xiu)學佛(fo)法(fa)是為了成(cheng)佛(fo),而(er)方(fang)便(bian)說有(you)三(san),使我(wo)們能(neng)漸漸積功(gong)德,而(er)又不(bu)覺(jue)得累。雖(sui)未成(cheng)佛(fo),但由于修(xiu)學福慧,也能(neng)得到(dao)快樂,直到(dao)得證菩(pu)提成(cheng)佛(fo)作祖。
是故,《法華經》對佛教有著(zhu)無盡的貢(gong)獻,那(nei)是經中之王度生無量的魅力。(方海權(quan)著(zhu))