安(an)徽揚(yang)子(zi)鱷國家級自然保(bao)護(hu)區，是中(zhong)國較大的(de)(de)(de)揚(yang)子(zi)鱷保(bao)護(hu)基(ji)地(di)(di)，以揚(yang)子(zi)鱷及其棲(qi)息(xi)地(di)(di)為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)保(bao)護(hu)對象(xiang)。這里既是一(yi)片保(bao)護(hu)區和科研基(ji)地(di)(di)，也是一(yi)處風景(jing)優(you)美的(de)(de)(de)旅游觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)勝(sheng)地(di)(di)，以自然風光(guang)為(wei)基(ji)調，以揚(yang)子(zi)鱷為(wei)龍頭景(jing)點，集多種(zhong)珍(zhen)稀(xi)動物(wu)為(wei)觀(guan)(guan)賞主(zhu)體，對揚(yang)子(zi)鱷保(bao)護(hu)和繁殖也起(qi)到了非常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作用。
保護區由(you)朱(zhu)村片(pian)(pian)(pian)、高井廟片(pian)(pian)(pian)、楊林片(pian)(pian)(pian)、紅星片(pian)(pian)(pian)、夏渡片(pian)(pian)(pian)、雙(shuang)坑片(pian)(pian)(pian)、中橋片(pian)(pian)(pian)、長樂片(pian)(pian)(pian)8個片(pian)(pian)(pian)區構成，以中國鱷魚(yu)湖為主要游覽地點，開辟了熊(xiong)池、猴島、鹿園、竹樓(lou)、跑馬場、垂釣區、鱷魚(yu)表演、兒童樂園等(deng)20多個景(jing)點。
滬(hu)渝高速公路(lu)從宣城(cheng)西(xi)/南陵/涇縣/宣城(cheng)市(shi)開發區出口離開，沿寶城(cheng)路(lu)→水陽江(jiang)南大道(dao)→X011即可(ke)。
安徽揚子鱷國家級自然保護區(qu)地理坐標為：東經118°30′-119°35′，北緯30°18′-31°18′。
保(bao)護區濕(shi)地(di)(di)地(di)(di)處(chu)長江(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)游丘陵平原(yuan)水(shui)網區，為皖南山區向長江(jiang)(jiang)沿岸平原(yuan)的過(guo)渡地(di)(di)帶(dai)，海拔20～200米，包括河流濕(shi)地(di)(di)、湖泊濕(shi)地(di)(di)、沼(zhao)(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)等(deng)濕(shi)地(di)(di)類型(xing)，主(zhu)要由青戈江(jiang)(jiang)、水(shui)陽江(jiang)(jiang)、漳(zhang)河、南漪湖等(deng)水(shui)體及周邊(bian)沼(zhao)(zhao)澤灘地(di)(di)組成。
保(bao)護區屬北(bei)亞熱帶濕(shi)潤(run)和(he)暖溫帶半溫潤(run)季風氣(qi)候，年均(jun)氣(qi)溫15.9℃，年均(jun)降水(shui)量約1294毫米，年均(jun)相對濕(shi)度(du)28%，年均(jun)無(wu)霜期229天。
保護區(qu)內(nei)南漪湖(hu)為宣城市內(nei)的天然(ran)湖(hu)泊，分為東(dong)西二(er)湖(hu)，湖(hu)面(mian)面(mian)積約(yue)為100平方千米，水(shui)位為8.5米時(shi)，總蓄水(shui)量為3.5億(yi)立方米，入湖(hu)水(shui)流(liu)發源(yuan)于南面(mian)山區(qu)，出水(shui)經水(shui)陽江向北流(liu)入長江。
保護區(qu)土壤類型以(yi)紅土壤、水稻(dao)土、黃棕壤等為(wei)主(zhu)。
1979年1月，經安(an)徽省(sheng)政(zheng)府批(pi)準在原宣城縣南郊創建“安(an)徽省(sheng)揚子鱷養(yang)殖場(chang)”。
1982年6月，安徽省(sheng)政府批(pi)準成立安徽省(sheng)揚子鱷自然保護區。
1986年，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)升(sheng)級為(wei)國(guo)家級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)，更名為(wei)“安徽揚子鱷國(guo)家級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)”。
保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)家級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，真菌116種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)776種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中蕨類(lei)(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)736種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)水(shui)杉、銀杏；國(guo)(guo)家二(er)級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)香樟等(deng)。作為揚(yang)子鱷(e)(e)洞穴隱蔽及營(ying)巢(chao)用的植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)44種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)340種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中魚類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)50種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)176種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，獸(shou)類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)36種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。此外，還有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)昆蟲類(lei)(lei)470種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)揚(yang)子鱷(e)(e)、云豹、黑麂和(he)梅花鹿；國(guo)(guo)家二(er)級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)虎紋蛙、鴛鴦(yang)、白(bai)鷴(xian)、勺雞、穿山(shan)甲、小靈貓(mao)等(deng)。保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)為野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)揚(yang)子鱷(e)(e)主要分(fen)(fen)布(bu)區(qu)之一(yi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)揚(yang)子鱷(e)(e)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)的池(chi)塘面積約(yue)0.41平方千米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)布(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)揚(yang)子鱷(e)(e)約(yue)150條。
保護(hu)區內植被以亞熱帶(dai)常綠(lv)闊葉林為主(zhu)，其中丘陵地區植被以灌(guan)草叢為主(zhu)。人工(gong)營造(zao)經濟林主(zhu)要有馬尾(wei)松(song)、國(guo)外松(song)、杉木、茶樹及毛竹、油桐等樹種。
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