歷史
大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古稱恒山(shan)(shan)(shan),其(qi)歷史可上溯到傳說中(zhong)的三(san)皇五帝時期,據《史記(ji)·封禪(chan)書(shu)》記(ji)載,舜曾經到恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)祭(ji)祀。漢(han)(han)文(wen)帝時,因避諱(hui)緣故,恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)曾改(gai)名為(wei)常(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。漢(han)(han)武(wu)帝時,在(zai)河(he)北曲(qu)(qu)陽設(she)立北岳(yue)祠祭(ji)祀。漢(han)(han)宣(xuan)帝神爵元年(前61年),詔封五岳(yue),其(qi)中(zhong)以恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)北岳(yue)。北魏宣(xuan)武(wu)帝時,始在(zai)大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之南的曲(qu)(qu)陽縣城建北岳(yue)廟(miao),之后(hou)歷代多在(zai)北岳(yue)廟(miao)遙祭(ji)北岳(yue)。北宋時期,大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)一(yi)帶曾為(wei)宋遼邊境。1193年,析曲(qu)(qu)陽縣北部以及(ji)其(qi)他縣地(di)置阜(fu)平縣,自此大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)不(bu)再隸屬(shu)曲(qu)(qu)陽縣,但北岳(yue)廟(miao)仍位于曲(qu)(qu)陽縣城。明代中(zhong)后(hou)期,出現北岳(yue)在(zai)河(he)北曲(qu)(qu)陽還(huan)是山(shan)(shan)(shan)西渾(hun)源的爭論(lun),但是當(dang)時仍將(jiang)恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)定在(zai)河(he)北曲(qu)(qu)陽。直到清(qing)順治(zhi)十七(qi)年(1660年)七(qi)月,北岳(yue)改(gai)為(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西渾(hun)源境內(nei)的恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)。
景點簡介
大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公園地處(chu)河北(bei)省唐(tang)縣(xian)西北(bei)75公里處(chu),被(bei)譽(yu)為“華北(bei)碧(bi)珠(zhu)”。大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)又名神仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),古為北(bei)岳(yue)恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),巍巍太行的主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)之一(yi),海拔1898米,雄居(ju)于(yu)保定阜平、唐(tang)縣(xian)、淶源三(san)縣(xian)交界處(chu)。這里林(lin)(lin)(lin)濤云(yun)(yun)海,翠(cui)峰(feng)(feng)聳立,樹密(mi)草豐,響泉飛瀑。有(you)(you)南方山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)的秀姿,有(you)(you)北(bei)方草原(yuan)的野(ye)趣,有(you)(you)黃山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)云(yun)(yun)海,有(you)(you)南岳(yue)云(yun)(yun)霧(wu),是一(yi)個入伏(fu)不(bu)見署的清涼世界。大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原(yuan)始森林(lin)(lin)(lin)郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥蔥,遮天蔽日,腳(jiao)下蜿蜒小路被(bei)橫生(sheng)的灌木(mu)擠得(de)模糊不(bu)清。越(yue)往上爬,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢越(yue)險,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)越(yue)密(mi),腳(jiao)下云(yun)(yun)來(lai)如霧(wu),林(lin)(lin)(lin)海生(sheng)煙。兩萬多畝山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)中(zhong),有(you)(you)油(you)松、白(bai)樺(hua)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)榆、白(bai)楊、翠(cui)柏、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)杏、核桃等(deng)(deng)多種(zhong)林(lin)(lin)(lin)木(mu)。濃陰下,有(you)(you)人參、靈芝等(deng)(deng)中(zhong)草藥(yao)千余種(zhong),黃楊球(qiu)、野(ye)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶等(deng)(deng)千姿百(bai)態的野(ye)花點(dian)綴其間,狍子、黃羊、小山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)貓的身影(ying)忽隱忽現。
大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)有(you)數以百(bai)計的(de)(de)天(tian)然景觀。北溝(gou)山(shan)(shan)泉汩汩,溪(xi)水(shui)瀑布隨處可(ke)見。南(nan)端有(you)一(yi)眼(yan)黃龍洞,洞中碧水(shui)常(chang)年不斷(duan)。頂峰南(nan)側有(you)數百(bai)畝(mu)的(de)(de)開闊地,碧草如(ru)(ru)毯,是十足的(de)(de)草原(yuan)風光。如(ru)(ru)遇下雨(yu),雨(yu)后在山(shan)(shan)頂遙看(kan)升騰的(de)(de)云霧,猶如(ru)(ru)軒身仙境(jing)。每(mei)逢冬春,山(shan)(shan)頂積雪數日不化,“恒山(shan)(shan)積雪”成為(wei)著名的(de)(de)唐縣古八景之(zhi)一(yi)。除觀光外,因大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)野生植物(wu)眾多,還適宜野生植物(wu)考察。阜平境(jing)內一(yi)帶,還有(you)戰爭年代(dai)八路軍活動的(de)(de)遺跡(ji),流傳(chuan)著許多鮮為(wei)人知的(de)(de)感人故事。
地理位置
大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)(gong)園,是(shi)2005年12月被國家林業局批準設立的(de)國家級(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)(gong)園,位于(yu)唐縣西北部,是(shi)通(tong)(tong)天(tian)(tian)河的(de)發源地,距(ju)縣城75公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,距(ju)北京、天(tian)(tian)津(jin)、石家莊分別為250公(gong)(gong)(gong)里、300公(gong)(gong)(gong)里、150公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,公(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)直(zhi)通(tong)(tong)山(shan)(shan)腳下(xia)。興建中的(de)石張高(gao)速在縣城留有(you)出口,大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)距(ju)保阜(fu)高(gao)速引線40公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,交通(tong)(tong)便(bian)利(li),水、電(dian)、通(tong)(tong)訊條件(jian)良(liang)好。總面積(ji)1353.33公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。這里林濤云海,翠峰聳立,樹(shu)密(mi)(mi)草(cao)豐(feng),響泉飛(fei)瀑,山(shan)(shan)頂草(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)環抱道觀(guan),崖(ya)上溶洞秘藏林間,冬春積(ji)雪皚(ai)皚(ai),夏秋(qiu)紫(zi)氣升(sheng)騰,勝似(si)人間仙(xian)境。大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)海拔1898米,由于(yu)山(shan)(shan)高(gao)林密(mi)(mi),動植物資源豐(feng)富(fu)。原(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)次生林郁郁蔥蔥,遮天(tian)(tian)蔽日,森(sen)林覆(fu)蓋率達56.6%,山(shan)(shan)場上長滿了松(song)、柏、楊、樺(hua)等樹(shu)木,特別是(shi)那萬(wan)畝翠綠的(de)油松(song),以它特有(you)的(de)挺(ting)拔剛(gang)健(jian)之姿,給人以生生不息、欣欣向(xiang)榮(rong)之感。南山(shan)(shan)上,有(you)數(shu)百畝山(shan)(shan)桃,每當初春,那串串粉(fen)紅色(se)的(de)花(hua)(hua)蕾,在春風的(de)撫摸下(xia),由山(shan)(shan)下(xia)向(xiang)山(shan)(shan)上逐層開放(fang),花(hua)(hua)期持(chi)續20多天(tian)(tian)。從春到(dao)夏,漫山(shan)(shan)遍野(ye)的(de)野(ye)花(hua)(hua)野(ye)草(cao),萬(wan)紫(zi)千(qian)紅,競相斗艷,宛如一片花(hua)(hua)海。
在頂峰南(nan)側(ce)的跑馬梁上,有(you)數百畝(mu)開(kai)闊地。據傳,這是楊六(liu)郎(lang)的練兵場。每(mei)到溫熱(re)季節(jie),這里(li)綠草如茵,繁花似錦,徜徉其間,仿佛到了塞(sai)外草原。草地上搭建有(you)五彩六(liu)色(se)的帳篷,在這里(li)野宿,清晨可以觀日出。
風景介紹
大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)乃唐河(he)支(zhi)流(liu)通(tong)天(tian)河(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發源地,山(shan)內泉水汩(gu)汩(gu),流(liu)水潺潺,高山(shan)瀑布飛流(liu)直下,霧氣(qi)蒸騰,十(shi)(shi)分壯觀。石(shi)人(ren)溝內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溪流(liu),清澈(che)見(jian)底,成群(qun)結隊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)魚兒往來嬉游,即可休(xiu)憩觀賞,又可持竿垂釣。“恒山(shan)積雪”為大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)奇景之一。嚴冬(dong)時節,山(shan)峰多為積雪覆蓋(gai),至五月份才融化。春季游覽,山(shan)頂白雪皚皚,山(shan)下流(liu)水淙(cong)淙(cong),山(shan)間(jian)山(shan)花爛漫。此時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)茂(mao)山(shan),既展示著嚴冬(dong)雪峰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)瑩與肅穆,又流(liu)淌(tang)著春天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柔情與溫馨。置身(shen)其(qi)間(jian),深感(gan)神(shen)受,是一種(zhong)奇妙無(wu)比(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)享(xiang)受。由(you)于(yu)歷(li)(li)史上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)種(zhong)原因,到清代順治十(shi)(shi)七年(公元1660年),祭祀北(bei)岳由(you)曲陽北(bei)岳廟移(yi)至山(shan)西渾源,但(dan)是大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)仍是這方(fang)生民心目中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)岳,到大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)朝山(shan)進香者歷(li)(li)來不絕(jue),如今(jin)這里更以其(qi)優美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然景觀和相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服務設施,吸引眾多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游客(ke)。
大茂山(shan)野生(sheng)植(zhi)物眾多,一年四季(ji)月(yue)月(yue)有花開,適宜游覽(lan)、休閑、避(bi)暑和野生(sheng)植(zhi)物考察。
四大特點
山勢高、雄渾偉奇
這是華北平原北部(bu)與太行(xing)山交(jiao)接處(chu),距(ju)保定(ding)120公里(li)范圍內最高(gao)的一座(zuo)山。有民俗(su)“神仙山40里(li),山頂有一米(mi),一天滾一寸,幾年滾到底”之說,形容山勢之高(gao)。它陡峭、巍峨、挺(ting)拔(ba);最高(gao)處(chu)太乙峰1890米(mi),上有奶奶廟(miao)(即三霄(xiao)圣母廟(miao)),香火不斷(duan)。橫(heng)亙(gen)的數百畝的開闊(kuo)地(di)就(jiu)叫跑(pao)馬梁,顧名思(si)義,平坦(tan)開闊(kuo)。
自然景觀多,充滿神秘感
山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中有(you)數(shu)(shu)不盡的(de)(de)自然景觀(guan)(guan);尤以石(shi)窟、溶(rong)洞(dong)為最(zui)甚。南端四面(mian)懸崖絕壁上(shang)(shang)有(you)無(wu)數(shu)(shu)神秘(mi)的(de)(de)洞(dong)窟,僅(jin)有(you)神話傳(chuan)說的(de)(de)就有(you)黃(huang)龍洞(dong)、黑(hei)龍洞(dong)、無(wu)底洞(dong)、老君(jun)洞(dong)、白虎洞(dong)、野(ye)馬洞(dong)等。黃(huang)龍洞(dong)內(nei)碧水常年不斷,盛夏冰(bing)涼刺骨,洞(dong)深無(wu)底,流(liu)出的(de)(de)水中伴(ban)有(you)菜(cai)葉、菜(cai)根等雜(za)物,不知源發何(he)處。石(shi)窟最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)要數(shu)(shu)石(shi)城(cheng)院村外山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)石(shi)窟了(le),3丈(zhang)寬、1丈(zhang)高、10丈(zhang)深。最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)老君(jun)洞(dong)可(ke)容納(na)200多人(ren)(ren)(ren),在(zai)這些洞(dong)窟中,抗(kang)日戰(zhan)爭時(shi)(shi)期(qi)曾作過兵工廠,住過八路(lu)軍三(san)個團(tuan),三(san)個干(gan)休(所)院。此外,小的(de)(de)道觀(guan)(guan)遺跡,在(zai)陽(yang)面(mian)的(de)(de)褶皺處隨處可(ke)見。在(zai)狹谷和峭壁之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang),橫空著(zhu)古老的(de)(de)松柏和那飛流(liu)直下的(de)(de)瀑(pu)布,特(te)別是(shi)那萬丈(zhang)崖之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)跑馬梁,更增加了(le)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)豁達和險遠之(zhi)(zhi)后的(de)(de)安詳。這數(shu)(shu)百畝的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂大(da)草(cao)原(yuan)相(xiang)傳(chuan)是(shi)楊(yang)六郎馴(xun)馬的(de)(de)地方。此外,神仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)神秘(mi)還(huan)在(zai)于博大(da)變(bian)幻(huan),讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)難(nan)識真面(mian)目。有(you)兩層(ceng)意(yi)思:一(yi)是(shi)說從山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)不同方向登(deng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),只能(neng)看(kan)到(dao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)一(yi)側,就一(yi)般意(yi)義講(jiang),都(dou)市里(li)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)一(yi)天(tian)是(shi)登(deng)不上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de),所以大(da)部分人(ren)(ren)(ren)很難(nan)站在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂觀(guan)(guan)到(dao)整個山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)面(mian)目;二是(shi)說在(zai)不同的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間、時(shi)(shi)段內(nei),大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi)隱時(shi)(shi)現,變(bian)幻(huan)莫測。日出日落時(shi)(shi),隨著(zhu)溫度變(bian)化(hua),遠看(kan)其(qi)貌(mao),霧靄彌(mi)漫,紫氣籠(long)罩;放射(she)著(zhu)仙(xian)氣靈光(guang);陰天(tian)看(kan)其(qi)狀,是(shi)一(yi)座(zuo)黑(hei)黝(you)黝(you)的(de)(de)黛青色屏障,陰森恐怖;最(zui)好看(kan)的(de)(de)是(shi)雨(yu)過天(tian)晴,滿山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)如(ru)洗,殘陽(yang)如(ru)血(xue);在(zai)平時(shi)(shi)大(da)部分時(shi)(shi)間里(li),神仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂部都(dou)被云(yun)霧包(bao)裹著(zhu),與天(tian)相(xiang)連,威(wei)嚴而神秘(mi)。
多雨,氣候濕涼,空氣新鮮
大茂山(shan)(shan)是(shi)東(dong)南暖(nuan)(nuan)濕氣(qi)流橫跨華北(bei)平(ping)原通向西(xi)北(bei)山(shan)(shan)地的(de)(de)第一座屏(ping)障,由(you)于(yu)海拔的(de)(de)抬高,暖(nuan)(nuan)濕氣(qi)流釋熱而降雨(yu),又由(you)于(yu)西(xi)北(bei)部太行環繞,海拔2000米(mi)以上(shang)的(de)(de)大山(shan)(shan)從(cong)淶源到阜(fu)平(ping)成(cheng)半環狀排列,形成(cheng)天然(ran)屏(ping)障,阻擋了冬季來自西(xi)北(bei)的(de)(de)寒(han)流,所以在(zai)山(shan)(shan)周圍形成(cheng)了一個夏天多雨(yu)濕涼,冬季出(chu)現逆溫,空(kong)氣(qi)流動滯遲,溫度相對較高的(de)(de)特殊山(shan)(shan)地小氣(qi)侯。在(zai)山(shan)(shan)中憑空(kong)生云(yun),有云(yun)即(ji)雨(yu),這就是(shi)民間為什么將(jiang)神(shen)仙山(shan)(shan)跑馬梁說成(cheng)是(shi)王母娘娘的(de)(de)后花園,一年(nian)72場澆花雨(yu)的(de)(de)真正原因。這里的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)是(shi)被霧(wu)靄(ai)過(guo)濾(lv)過(guo)的(de)(de),清新、濕潤、沒有塵埃。
鳥語花香,生物繁多
神(shen)(shen)仙(xian)山(shan)東(dong)側(ce)(ce)是(shi)(shi)唐縣林場(chang),北側(ce)(ce)是(shi)(shi)淶源(yuan)林場(chang),西南側(ce)(ce)是(shi)(shi)阜平東(dong)風(feng)林場(chang),在這兩萬五千多畝的(de)林場(chang)上,它(ta)針葉林、闊(kuo)葉林混交(jiao);灌木叢生、花草(cao)遍布;林草(cao)豐(feng)茂,比(bi)如(ru)櫨、白樺(hua)、油松、翠柏、楓樹、山(shan)榆、白楊、山(shan)杏、核桃、山(shan)神(shen)(shen)木、葡萄(tao)、人參、靈(ling)芝、黃(huang)芹、黨參;滿山(shan)遍野(ye)(ye)飛(fei)禽走(zou)獸、野(ye)(ye)雉(zhi)、山(shan)鷹、青羊、狍(pao)子(zi)、土豹(bao)、狼、狐貍、野(ye)(ye)雞、野(ye)(ye)兔(tu)、小松鼠、紅嘴鳥(niao)、鴉等野(ye)(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)隨(sui)處可見。它(ta)集(ji)太行(xing)山(shan)所有動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)于一(yi)體(ti),呈現了生物(wu)(wu)的(de)多樣性(xing),是(shi)(shi)生物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)保護較(jiao)好的(de)一(yi)個生物(wu)(wu)王(wang)國。
景區組成
大茂山不僅具有(you)(you)山清(qing)水秀之(zhi)神韻,更有(you)(you)雄(xiong)偉奇險之(zhi)氣勢。大茂山由20多座(zuo)山峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)組成,站(zhan)在(zai)(zai)崖頂(ding),就可看到那峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)連峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)擁峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)壓峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)爭先的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯觀(guan)景象。其(qi)主峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)太乙峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),似群(qun)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)祖,爺(ye)爺(ye)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、奶奶峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、媳婦峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、母子峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、貞女峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)諸峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)列(lie),登峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)極(ji)目遠眺,天地蒼茫,那連綿(mian)起伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群(qun)山像波(bo)濤洶涌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大海漸漸遠去。 在(zai)(zai)群(qun)山之(zhi)中,隱藏著很多極(ji)具觀(guan)賞(shang)價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天然洞(dong)穴。在(zai)(zai)云遮霧障的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)坡絕(jue)壁上,有(you)(you)神秘莫測的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)龍洞(dong)和黑龍洞(dong),洞(dong)穴幽深(shen)彎曲,洞(dong)內(nei)有(you)(you)洞(dong),洞(dong)內(nei)碧水常年不斷(duan)。這里(li)還(huan)隱藏著被稱為無底洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾十座(zuo)洞(dong)穴,都是天然形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),深(shen)不見(jian)底。還(huan)有(you)(you)那些奇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)異石(shi)(shi)和附會著美麗傳說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)景,如石(shi)(shi)人溝、長壽石(shi)(shi)、老佛石(shi)(shi)堂、菩薩山、棒(bang)槌山等,也都具有(you)(you)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)賞(shang)價值。