規劃
南京(jing)綠水(shui)(shui)灣(wan)國(guo)家城(cheng)市(shi)濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)園規劃區(qu)總(zong)(zong)面積21.36平方公(gong)(gong)里,其中水(shui)(shui)域面積為(wei)(wei)8.42平方公(gong)(gong)里,占總(zong)(zong)面積的39.4%。規劃范圍為(wei)(wei):長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)大(da)堤以外以綠水(shui)(shui)灣(wan)水(shui)(shui)域為(wei)(wei)中心,包括東(dong)側(ce)江(jiang)(jiang)洲,西側(ce)圩區(qu)等濕地(di)資源集中的范圍;緯(wei)七(qi)路長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)隧道(dao)下游江(jiang)(jiang)洲洲尾延伸的部分江(jiang)(jiang)洲灘(tan)地(di);西側(ce)以總(zong)(zong)體規劃中濱江(jiang)(jiang)路為(wei)(wei)界。公(gong)(gong)園被長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)大(da)堤分為(wei)(wei)兩(liang)部分,堤內地(di)勢平坦,有(you)大(da)量灘(tan)涂、蘆(lu)葦,以及棗園、果園,原始生態(tai)保持良好。
濕(shi)地展示區還(huan)將設置空(kong)中漫步(bu)棧道與(yu)路網(wang)互相(xiang)連(lian)通(tong)。這里將規劃形(xing)成“七橫一(yi)縱”的通(tong)道,“一(yi)縱”指濱江路,“七橫”則可劃分為3+4模式,即長江三橋、繞(rao)城(cheng)公路和(he)過(guo)江隧道3條與(yu)主城(cheng)聯系的過(guo)境通(tong)道,及(ji)薛塘路、綠水灣南路、團結(jie)路和(he)城(cheng)南河路4條城(cheng)市主干(gan)道。
地貌
綠水灣濕地(di)(di)公園以(yi)濕地(di)(di)地(di)(di)貌為主。包括兩(liang)大類濕地(di)(di):淡(dan)水濕地(di)(di)中的(de)河流、沼澤濕地(di)(di)以(yi)及人工濕地(di)(di)的(de)淡(dan)水養殖(zhi),農用濕地(di)(di)、蓄水區。
氣候
該地(di)(di)區處于亞熱帶北源,氣候溫和,雨量充沛,四季(ji)分明(ming),且(qie)地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌復雜多樣,存在多種濕(shi)地(di)(di)類型,對各種動物生(sheng)長極(ji)為有利。
生物
大(da)片水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)樹林、蘆(lu)葦、多種(zhong)(zhong)鳥(niao)類(lei)等(deng)鄉(xiang)土(tu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)、濕生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)繁多。植(zhi)物包(bao)括人工(gong)培育植(zhi)物和鄉(xiang)土(tu)野(ye)生(sheng)植(zhi)物。人工(gong)培育的(de)有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻、大(da)豆、玉(yu)米、蓮藕、茭白及多種(zhong)(zhong)蔬菜瓜果農(nong)作物,桑、柳、楊(yang)、柿等(deng)喬木。野(ye)生(sheng)的(de)有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)花生(sheng)、蘆(lu)蒿、水(shui)(shui)(shui)燭(zhu)、菱角、蒼耳(er)等(deng)草本植(zhi)物,構樹、烏(wu)桕、山槐等(deng)喬木。動(dong)物資源(yuan)中較多的(de)是各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)昆(kun)蟲(chong)、鳥(niao)類(lei)以及養殖的(de)魚、蟹,昆(kun)蟲(chong)主(zhu)要有(you)瓢蟲(chong)、蚱蜢(meng)、蝴蝶、蜻蜓等(deng)常見種(zhong)(zhong),鳥(niao)類(lei)有(you)鷺科、鴨科斑鳩(jiu)、棕背伯(bo)勞等(deng)。
地質
綠水(shui)(shui)(shui)灣(wan)(wan)隸屬于長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中下游平原自然地(di)(di)(di)理地(di)(di)(di)區,地(di)(di)(di)處長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)濱,由長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)泥(ni)沙淤積形成,地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)上主(zhu)要(yao)是河漫灘(tan)沉積物,土質(zhi)松軟(ruan)肥沃。綠水(shui)(shui)(shui)灣(wan)(wan)下游接納城(cheng)南河入(ru)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),局部(bu)受其(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)影響,規劃范圍(wei)內水(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)和(he)沼(zhao)澤分(fen)布廣泛,在(zai)夏季來水(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)面占(zhan)總面積近70%。綠水(shui)(shui)(shui)灣(wan)(wan)地(di)(di)(di)區被長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)大堤分(fen)為兩部(bu)分(fen)。堤內地(di)(di)(di)勢平坦,堤內水(shui)(shui)(shui)系渠塘相通,水(shui)(shui)(shui)位通常維持在(zai)5至6米,占(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)22500畝(含濱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)大道(dao)一段)。以稻、田菜地(di)(di)(di)為主(zhu),多(duo)藕塘魚池,地(di)(di)(di)坪稱高多(duo)在(zai)6至7米之(zhi)間。大堤外又主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)為三(san)部(bu)分(fen),即大堤與外堤圍(wei)合(he)的環境、綠水(shui)(shui)(shui)灣(wan)(wan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)、東側的江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)洲。
綠水灣長(chang)江大(da)堤地勢(shi)高視線好,東望長(chang)江茫(mang)茫(mang)蒼(cang)蒼(cang),西瞰田野阡陌縱橫。清晨時(shi)可以欣賞太陽從南(nan)京城市中升起的綺麗景象,黃(huang)昏時(shi)可以領略“蒼(cang)山如(ru)海、殘陽如(ru)畫”的意境。