公園簡介
甘(gan)肅和政古生(sheng)物化石國家(jia)地(di)(di)質公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)位于臨夏盆地(di)(di),距蘭(lan)州90公(gong)(gong)里。晚古生(sheng)代地(di)(di)層(ceng)中(zhong)盛產(chan)海洋(淺海)古生(sheng)物化石,發育良好的晚新生(sheng)代地(di)(di)層(ceng)中(zhong)蘊藏著(zhu)極(ji)為豐富的古脊椎動物化石,被(bei)古生(sheng)物學界譽為“東(dong)方瑰寶、高原史書”。
公(gong)(gong)園總(zong)體布(bu)局為“一心(xin)、兩帶、兩園、六區(qu)(qu)”,總(zong)面(mian)積263.8平方公(gong)(gong)里。公(gong)(gong)園及其(qi)周(zhou)圍化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)分布(bu)面(mian)積達2800多平方公(gong)(gong)里,已發現化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)出露(lu)點100多處,產(chan)(chan)出化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)分屬3綱8目150多個屬種,和(he)(he)(he)政(zheng)出土(tu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)分屬新生代晚期的(de)四個不(bu)同(tong)哺(bu)乳動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun):距今(jin)約(yue)3000萬(wan)年前(qian)的(de)巨(ju)(ju)(ju)犀動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)、1600—1200萬(wan)年的(de)鏟(chan)齒象(xiang)(xiang)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)、1100—500萬(wan)年左(zuo)右的(de)三趾馬(ma)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)、200萬(wan)年左(zuo)右的(de)真(zhen)馬(ma)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun),占(zhan)據六項世(shi)界之最(zui):最(zui)豐富的(de)鏟(chan)齒象(xiang)(xiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)、最(zui)大(da)的(de)三趾馬(ma)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)地(di)、獨(du)一無(wu)二的(de)和(he)(he)(he)政(zheng)羊(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)、最(zui)大(da)的(de)鬣狗化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)——巨(ju)(ju)(ju)鬣狗、最(zui)大(da)的(de)真(zhen)馬(ma)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)——埃(ai)氏馬(ma)、最(zui)早的(de)第四紀披毛(mao)犀頭骨化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)。和(he)(he)(he)政(zheng)知名(ming)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)地(di)有樺林“萬(wan)獸谷”、小(xiao)紅崖三趾馬(ma)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)和(he)(he)(he)老溝“巨(ju)(ju)(ju)象(xiang)(xiang)谷”鏟(chan)齒象(xiang)(xiang)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)等(deng),4A級(ji)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)政(zheng)古(gu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)博物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)館(guan)和(he)(he)(he)樺林古(gu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)埋(mai)藏原(yuan)址館(guan)是(shi)探秘遠古(gu)生命的(de)絕(jue)佳窗口(kou),4A級(ji)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)松(song)鳴巖(yan)是(shi)典(dian)型的(de)碳酸(suan)鹽巖(yan)峽谷地(di)貌,公(gong)(gong)園被(bei)國(guo)土(tu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)部命名(ming)為“國(guo)土(tu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)類科普基(ji)地(di)”和(he)(he)(he)首批國(guo)家重點化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)地(di)。
樺林古動(dong)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)埋(mai)(mai)藏原(yuan)址(zhi)館(guan)位于和(he)政縣城以南松鳴鎮樺林“萬(wan)(wan)獸谷”,距縣城16公里,與毗鄰(lin)的(de)地(di)質公園主碑(bei)(bei)廣場(chang)相得益彰,是和(he)政古生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)國家(jia)地(di)質公園主要景(jing)點之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。埋(mai)(mai)藏原(yuan)址(zhi)館(guan)建(jian)筑面積(ji)近1萬(wan)(wan)平方(fang)米,螺旋(xuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)造型(xing)凸現“生(sheng)命(ming)回響”主題。展陳理念為“生(sheng)命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)椎、世界之(zhi)(zhi)最”,主展區(qu)有序廳、超(chao)大(da)型(xing)LED屏、原(yuan)始(shi)埋(mai)(mai)藏區(qu)、地(di)質剖(pou)面、化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)采洞體(ti)驗區(qu),全方(fang)位展示三趾馬(ma)古動(dong)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)原(yuan)始(shi)埋(mai)(mai)藏狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,揭秘青藏高原(yuan)歷史、生(sheng)態環境變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)古動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)的(de)演化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)過程。地(di)質公園主碑(bei)(bei)高12米,凸顯和(he)政化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)“六項世界之(zhi)(zhi)最”和(he)四(si)大(da)古動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)埋(mai)(mai)藏地(di)層狀(zhuang)(zhuang)貌。基座四(si)周雕刻四(si)大(da)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)生(sheng)活(huo)復原(yuan)畫面,象征遠古時(shi)期古動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)繁(fan)衍生(sheng)息的(de)場(chang)景(jing)。
自(zi)2013年10月地(di)(di)質公園(yuan)揭碑開園(yuan)、樺林古動(dong)物化(hua)石埋(mai)藏原址館開館以來,在和政連續4年召(zhao)開了(le)由(you)國內外知名(ming)專家(jia)參加的(de)(de)古動(dong)物化(hua)石保護與利用研討會(hui)(hui),地(di)(di)質公園(yuan)管委會(hui)(hui)獲得“全(quan)國古生物化(hua)石保護獎”,公園(yuan)被共青(qing)團甘(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)委命名(ming)為“全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)青(qing)少(shao)年教育基(ji)地(di)(di)”,被確(que)定(ding)為中國地(di)(di)質大(da)學(xue)、蘭(lan)州(zhou)大(da)學(xue)、西北(bei)師范(fan)大(da)學(xue)、甘(gan)肅農(nong)業大(da)學(xue)、蘭(lan)州(zhou)資源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)職業技術學(xue)院、蘭(lan)州(zhou)理工大(da)學(xue)的(de)(de)科研教學(xue)基(ji)地(di)(di)。如今,具(ju)備自(zi)然人文和歷史優(you)勢的(de)(de)和政開始(shi)了(le)邁向世界地(di)(di)質公園(yuan)行列(lie)的(de)(de)新征。
公園內山清水秀、風光旖旎,是蘭州到九寨(zhai)溝黃金旅游(you)線(xian)上(shang)的一(yi)顆璀璨明珠。
生態價值
甘肅(su)和政(zheng)古(gu)生物(wu)化石國(guo)家地質(zhi)公(gong)園(yuan)已發現超過100余處的化石點,產出(chu)3綱、8目(mu)、150多個(ge)屬種的各類(lei)古(gu)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)化石,使(shi)得(de)這(zhe)(zhe)里成為了(le)地質(zhi)科學研(yan)究和科普(pu)教育的首選基(ji)地。同時,園(yuan)區內植被(bei)茂密,山巒聳峙,奇峰蒼翠(cui)。有河流遍布(bu),松濤縈(ying)耳;有云杉(shan)競天(tian),古(gu)剎高懸;有晨(chen)鐘暮(mu)鼓,梵音繞梁;絕妙的天(tian)籟與和諧的人(ren)文在此完美(mei)貫通(tong),使(shi)得(de)這(zhe)(zhe)里成為了(le)旅(lv)游度假(jia)、休閑、野營、探險(xian)的最佳(jia)場所。目(mu)前(qian),公(gong)園(yuan)已被(bei)命名為資源保(bao)護類(lei)國(guo)土資源科普(pu)基(ji)地。
地理環境
甘(gan)肅和(he)政古(gu)生(sheng)物化石國家地質公(gong)園(yuan)位于臨夏盆地東(dong)南部,東(dong)經103°7′36.78"—103°26′14.77",北緯35°12′51.56″—35°28′42.27″。盆地以南山區出露石炭紀(ji)(距今(jin)約3.5億(yi)年(nian)(nian))、二疊紀(ji)(距今(jin)約2.8億(yi)年(nian)(nian))、三(san)(san)疊紀(ji)(距今(jin)約2.3億(yi)年(nian)(nian))地層(ceng),以北出露第三(san)(san)紀(ji)和(he)第四紀(ji)地層(ceng)。在地質公(gong)園(yuan)內發育良好的晚新(xin)生(sheng)代(dai)連續沉積地層(ceng)中蘊藏(zang)著極為(wei)豐富(fu)的古(gu)脊椎動物化石
地質公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規劃(hua)總面積(ji)263.8平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),總體布(bu)(bu)局為“一(yi)心(xin)、三(san)軸、兩(liang)(liang)帶、兩(liang)(liang)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、六區(qu)”。一(yi)心(xin):科(ke)普教育中(zhong)心(xin)。三(san)軸:沿著公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內臨和(he)康二級公(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)和(he)和(he)鐵路(lu)及黃羅路(lu)將(jiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)景區(qu)連通(tong)起來的交(jiao)通(tong)軸。兩(liang)(liang)帶:一(yi)帶是南(nan)陽山、前山、老溝(gou)(gou)(gou)。一(yi)帶是小(xiao)紅崖、金場溝(gou)(gou)(gou)、樺林(lin)。兩(liang)(liang)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan):老溝(gou)(gou)(gou)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)和(he)樺林(lin)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)。六區(qu):南(nan)陽山、老溝(gou)(gou)(gou)、樺林(lin)、松鳴巖(yan)、鐵溝(gou)(gou)(gou)、半蒼嶺六個(ge)(ge)景區(qu)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內出露的化石點達(da)76處,分布(bu)(bu)面積(ji)達(da)700平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。已建成一(yi)、二號博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan),正在建設樺林(lin)保護館(guan)和(he)三(san)號博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)。館(guan)藏化石達(da)30000多件,分3綱(gang)8目(mu)150多個(ge)(ge)屬種。所產化石中(zhong)尤(you)以晚漸新(xin)(xin)世(shi)(距今(jin)(jin)3000萬(wan)年(nian)(nian))巨犀動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)(qun)、中(zhong)中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)(距今(jin)(jin)1600-1200萬(wan)年(nian)(nian))鏟齒象動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)(qun)、晚中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)(距今(jin)(jin)1200-500萬(wan)年(nian)(nian))三(san)趾(zhi)馬動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)(qun)和(he)早更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)(距今(jin)(jin)200萬(wan)年(nian)(nian))真馬動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)(qun)最為豐富,占居六項世(shi)界之最,被古生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學界稱為“東方(fang)瑰寶”。
開發利用
自(zi)2013年10月地質公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)揭碑開(kai)園(yuan)(yuan)、在(zai)和政連續4年召開(kai)了(le)由國內外(wai)知(zhi)名(ming)專家參(can)加的(de)(de)古(gu)動物化石(shi)保護與利用研(yan)討會,地質公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)管委(wei)會獲得(de)“全國古(gu)生(sheng)物化石(shi)保護獎(jiang)”,公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)被(bei)共青(qing)團甘肅省(sheng)委(wei)命(ming)名(ming)為“全省(sheng)青(qing)少(shao)年教育基(ji)地”,被(bei)確定為中國地質大(da)學(xue)、蘭(lan)(lan)州(zhou)大(da)學(xue)、西(xi)北(bei)師(shi)范大(da)學(xue)、甘肅農業大(da)學(xue)、蘭(lan)(lan)州(zhou)資(zi)源環境職業技術學(xue)院、蘭(lan)(lan)州(zhou)理工大(da)學(xue)的(de)(de)科研(yan)教學(xue)基(ji)地。如(ru)今,具備自(zi)然人文和歷史優勢的(de)(de)和政開(kai)始了(le)邁(mai)向世界地質公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)行列的(de)(de)新征。