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簡介

藏(zang)族(zu)最古老的(de)象(xiang)(xiang)雄佛(fo)教——雍(yong)仲本教的(de)神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，嘉絨藏(zang)族(zu)文化(hua)中(zhong)心，藏(zang)區四(si)大神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)一民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)英雄的(de)象(xiang)(xiang)征(zheng)，海拔5105米。據《墨爾多(duo)神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志(zhi)》記載：山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上共有一百零八個(ge)圣景，千余處(chu)景點。站在墨爾多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)巔，東面可望見峨眉(mei)金頂，西望可遙(yao)視衛藏(zang)岡底(di)斯(si)雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，俯首可覽境內(nei)8條銀色的(de)河流(liu)，像8條潔(jie)白的(de)哈達，纏繞著墨爾多(duo)神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)56座美麗的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒(luan)，56座壯麗的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰象(xiang)(xiang)征(zheng)著祖國56個(ge)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)的(de)團結和友好。墨爾多(duo)神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地處(chu)藏(zang)漢結合部，因此，她本身(shen)就(jiu)是藏(zang)漢民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)和睦(mu)相親的(de)象(xiang)(xiang)征(zheng)和見證(zheng)。

墨爾多神(shen)山(shan)風景(jing)素(su)以神(shen)奇著稱。主(zhu)峰(feng)北面(mian)(mian)，有(you)天然形(xing)成的(de)喜馬(ma)拉雅(ya)、岡底斯、阿尼瑪卿等藏區(qu)8大(da)神(shen)山(shan)的(de)縮影造型，以及深不可測的(de)遇有(you)驚(jing)動就(jiu)會風起(qi)云涌的(de)高山(shan)海(hai)湖；主(zhu)峰(feng)東面(mian)(mian)有(you)數十座造型逼真(zhen)的(de)天然石碉群；西面(mian)(mian)是神(shen)奇的(de)神(shen)仙洞和自生塔。

墨(mo)爾多(duo)神山的(de)神奇，被古往今來(lai)的(de)游(you)人(ren)墨(mo)客所頂禮和傳頌。據《墨(mo)爾多(duo)神山志(zhi)》記載：墨(mo)爾多(duo)山上的(de)空行(xing)母十(shi)分(fen)靈(ling)驗(yan)，因此(ci)在此(ci)修(xiu)行(xing)極易修(xiu)成正果(guo)。正因為此(ci)，多(duo)少個世紀以來(lai)，墨(mo)爾多(duo)神山一直倍受中(zhong)外宗(zong)教信徒的(de)崇拜(bai)(bai)。西藏(zang)以及其他藏(zang)區(qu)僧(seng)侶(lv)們將去墨(mo)爾多(duo)山朝(chao)拜(bai)(bai)視為功德(de)圓滿。近幾年(nian)來(lai)，大批(pi)來(lai)自祖國各地的(de)游(you)方僧(seng)人(ren)到這里的(de)神仙(xian)洞、菩薩(sa)巖、修(xiu)煉洞中(zhong)參(can)禪(chan)修(xiu)行(xing)，其中(zhong)還不乏國外的(de)旅游(you)觀光者(zhe)、科學考察和體育探險者(zhe)。

主峰坐北向南(nan)，右(you)側(ce)為(wei)西方(fang)，有(you)自生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)巖佛，左為(wei)東方(fang)，有(you)自生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)碉群，南(nan)方(fang)則是腹下石(shi)(shi)筍勃(bo)然(ran)而立。還有(you)形如(ru)海(hai)(hai)螺(luo)，曼扎等山(shan)(shan)(shan)崗土幼坪(ping)敬(jing)奉于正(zheng)前方(fang)。北為(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)背，山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰連(lian)綿，集藏地(di)八大(da)(da)神(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)造(zao)型縮影于此，一凼深不可(ke)測的(de)海(hai)(hai)子湖大(da)(da)神(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)背心窩處(chu)，海(hai)(hai)中奇(qi)景怪象層(ceng)出(chu)。四面108座神(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)奇(qi)峰之(zhi)為(wei)墨(mo)爾多(duo)統(tong)須的(de)部(bu)將。墨(mo)爾多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)集天下名山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)奇(qi)、險(xian)、納大(da)(da)自然(ran)之(zhi)秀(xiu)美為(wei)一體(ti)，古(gu)今(jin)為(wei)藏地(di)圣山(shan)(shan)(shan)。

墨(mo)爾多神山(shan)，是(shi)一座神秘莫測，俊(jun)秀險絕的(de)圣地仙(xian)山(shan)，古(gu)往今(jin)來被(bei)人們(men)(men)頂禮膜(mo)拜，傳奇(qi)頌楊。在藏(zang)區與喜瑪拉雅和岡底斯山(shan)齊名，被(bei)位為(wei)四大神山(shan)之列，尤其(qi)是(shi)它的(de)神奇(qi)絕妙，更(geng)被(bei)中外(wai)宗教信徒虔誠崇拜，西藏(zang)的(de)僧侶們(men)(men)有能去一趟墨(mo)爾多山(shan)朝圣為(wei)功德圓滿之感。

墨爾多神山(shan)(shan)(shan)主峰(feng)(feng)位(wei)于大渡(du)河(he)源(yuan)頭，在大、小兩金川(chuan)交匯(hui)處，一座(zuo)高聳入(ru)云霄，拔(ba)(ba)地挺立，海拔(ba)(ba)5000米高而橫空(kong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)世的莽莽雪(xue)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。其山(shan)(shan)(shan)為岷(min)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之源(yuan)，主體(ti)橫錯在岷(min)山(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)邛崍山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈結合部(bu)。還是“更喜岷(min)山(shan)(shan)(shan)千(qian)里雪(xue)之雪(xue)原中(zhong)的峰(feng)(feng)群之一。它(ta)起源(yuan)于大渡(du)河(he)上游支流(liu)的梭磨河(he)發源(yuan)地鷓鴣山(shan)(shan)(shan)，象一條(tiao)騰空(kong)起舞(wu)的云龍，盤曲延綿千(qian)里，在大、小金川(chuan)匯(hui)合處拔(ba)(ba)地聳立，形成絕壁千(qian)仞，山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)直(zhi)插(cha)云霄，真(zhen)有點一劍指天(tian)，凌空(kong)矗(chu)立之狀(zhuang)，十(shi)分奇特，秀麗壯觀。

由來

墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一名(ming)(ming)系藏話音譯(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)寫(xie)(xie)的地(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)。書(shu)(shu)刊(kan)文獻(xian)(xian)中(zhong)曾有(you)譯(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)貓爾(er)(er)(er)都(dou)、美都(dou)、莫爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)、木爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)、姆系等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。對該山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名(ming)(ming)考釋(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)法歷(li)史上(shang)受限于音譯(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)(huo)譯(yi)(yi)(yi)寫(xie)(xie)文字(zi)的字(zi)面含意(yi)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)有(you)隨意(yi)性，各有(you)追溯沿革含義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不同(tong)，甚不統一。一般說(shuo)(shuo)是土地(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)、地(di)(di)(di)母神(shen)(shen)，也有(you)稱(cheng)其為(wei)禿項光亮地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)主神(shen)(shen)或(huo)(huo)土地(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)王(wang)，還(huan)有(you)的以(yi)嘉(jia)(jia)莫察瓦絨(rong)(rong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘉(jia)(jia)為(wei)漢、大、王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義，便(bian)(bian)稱(cheng)叫為(wei)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)或(huo)(huo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，也有(you)以(yi)歷(li)史上(shang)西(xi)藏王(wang)室可在地(di)(di)(di)的方(fang)位指(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)為(wei)東(dong)方(fang)圣山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)；在《墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志》中(zhong)又有(you)稱(cheng)《大自在天(tian)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)》的；在地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)文獻(xian)(xian)中(zhong)墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)的原名(ming)(ming)漢字(zi)書(shu)(shu)寫(xie)(xie)為(wei)格(ge)爾(er)(er)(er)隆山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，又名(ming)(ming)墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)旺修意(yi)，即墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)大神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。由(you)于墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)四周(zhou)是溪(xi)河縱橫(heng)，低(di)濕溫(wen)(wen)暖的農(nong)區(qu)(qu)和茂密(mi)森林(lin)，加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體上(shang)高原草地(di)(di)(di)極多(duo)(duo)(duo)，形(xing)(xing)成水草豐茂的天(tian)然(ran)牧場，林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)間生長著許(xu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)名(ming)(ming)貴中(zhong)藥(yao)材，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)谷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)河流沖(chong)積(ji)形(xing)(xing)成的象形(xing)(xing)珠串狀(zhuang)平臺，沃土極多(duo)(duo)(duo)，成為(wei)農(nong)耕(geng)和發展(zhan)林(lin)果(guo)業，以(yi)及藥(yao)材生產加(jia)工(gong)和發展(zhan)畜牧業的好(hao)基地(di)(di)(di)。所以(yi)，歷(li)史上(shang)藏區(qu)(qu)分劃區(qu)(qu)域時，專指(zhi)(zhi)這(zhe)一地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)為(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)莫察瓦絨(rong)(rong)。這(zhe)是泛指(zhi)(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)四周(zhou)十(shi)六萬多(duo)(duo)(duo)平方(fang)公里的地(di)(di)(di)域，轄分20余縣市地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。在元(yuan)、明(ming)、清代行后將其境(jing)內有(you)十(shi)八個酋長、土司(si)，由(you)中(zhong)央(yang)王(wang)朝賜封授預(yu)宣(xuan)慰使(shi)司(si)、宣(xuan)慰司(si)、守撫司(si)、長官(guan)司(si)等(deng)(deng)職(zhi)管理(li)轄境(jing)政務(wu)。嘉(jia)(jia)絨(rong)(rong)便(bian)(bian)是作(zuo)為(wei)這(zhe)一地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的簡稱(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)，意(yi)指(zhi)(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)周(zhou)圍的農(nong)區(qu)(qu)也有(you)按其自然(ran)環境(jing)條件引伸(shen)為(wei)是嘉(jia)(jia)莫墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)周(zhou)圍溫(wen)(wen)暖的地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。

景點

自生塔

自生(sheng)塔(ta)位于墨爾多(duo)神山(shan)生(sheng)北(bei)向南的(de)西方(fang)，在(zai)山(shan)腰(yao)的(de)幫青澤日大神山(shan)之下。在(zai)叢林巖峭上(shang)，天生(sheng)就數(shu)座石塔(ta)，高者百米，尤以(yi)突兀而起，挺拔巍峨高40余米的(de)兩座孳生(sheng)佛塔(ta)，如箭插立，直指蒼穹(qiong)。