歷史沿革
鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)創于明洪武十八年(nian)( 1385年(nian)),東鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)村(cun)、南(nan)(nan)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)村(cun)和西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)村(cun)合稱鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(因村(cun)內有(you)(you)兩座形狀像鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)的山(shan)而得名),現(xian)(xian)隸屬(shu)于西(xi)(xi)臚鎮。早(zao)在(zai)元朝時期就有(you)(you)人家居(ju)住記載。鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)現(xian)(xian)主要姓氏(shi)為莊(zhuang)、李(li)、鄭;其它姓氏(shi)有(you)(you)陳、陸(lu)。1956年(nian)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)拆(chai)鄉,定名為為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)一、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)二、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)三;1959年(nian)改(gai)為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)東、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)南(nan)(nan)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)西(xi)(xi),1969改(gai)為東鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)、西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)、南(nan)(nan)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)并沿(yan)用(yong)至今(jin)。雖然(ran)拆(chai)鄉了(le),但周(zhou)邊鄰里仍稱鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)莊(zhuang)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)李(li)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)鄭。
特色文化
鳳山(shan)上,有(you)一處(chu)巨字(zi)“自古山(shan)寨(zhai)”的摩崖石刻(ke),原有(you)幼(you)字(zi)“元舉逸(yi)叟授巡海僉憲呂養鐫”早已湮沒,后人再補刻(ke)呂養鐫等(deng)字(zi)樣。在石刻(ke)周(zhou)圍青石仍(reng)保留著當(dang)年山(shan)寨(zhai)房屋楹洞(dong)。和呂養同時期的鳳山(shan)人陸(lu)師功有(you)《寨(zhai)陵(ling)纖歌》:“古兮山(shan)寨(zhai),卜居(ju)兮廣廈,開張召陸(lu)郭,臨莊(zhuang)陳李鄭。”看出鳳山(shan)古寨(zhai)由來(lai)已久,以及諸姓氏(shi)卜居(ju)鳳山(shan)脈絡。
抗戰錄
元初成(cheng)宗(zong)年間下詔求賢,就有呂養舉(ju)遺(yi)逸,官授巡(xun)海僉事,他在(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)頂(ding)留下的“自古山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)”至今還(huan)尚留。時到明(ming)代潮陽縣志寫到:竹山(shan)(shan)(shan)------間有勇壯(zhuang)(zhuang),力卻萬夫(fu)----的記載;曾在(zai)(zai)(zai)鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)讀書的林大春在(zai)(zai)(zai)《陳南野保障(zhang)鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)序》中,第(di)一句(ju)為(wei):“鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)有古寨(zhai),其來已(yi)久”。潮陽元代期(qi)間著(zhu)名隱(yin)士(shi)陳牧隱(yin)《題(ti)鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古寨(zhai)》中曾詩(shi)(shi)云(yun):“保障(zhang)當(dang)年建義旗,鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)磐石(shi)繞陽溪。英雄戰壘今何在(zai)(zai)(zai)?萬古鴉聲(sheng)對落暉。”(錄在(zai)(zai)(zai)清代《古瀛詩(shi)(shi)苑;前集(ji)》)可見當(dang)年鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)抗元時期(qi)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)烈場面(mian)。
明朝天順(shun)六年(nian)(nian)(1462),揭陽(yang)廈(sha)嶺一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(今汕(shan)頭市區金砂(sha)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶)有(you)魏崇輝聚眾(zhong)(zhong)集結為寇(kou),流竄在沿海一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶搶(qiang)奪,所(suo)(suo)到(dao)之(zhi)處(chu)便潰不成鄉,惟獨鳳(feng)山有(you)西麓(lu)(今西鳳(feng))曲(qu)巷陳(chen)有(you)然(ran)裔孫陳(chen)庸樂(le)(字千(qian)(qian)山,諱中國(guo),為鳳(feng)山李(li)氏之(zhi)外祖(zu))率眾(zhong)(zhong)在寨頂筑寨倡導鄉眾(zhong)(zhong)力起(qi)抗敵,身(shen)先士卒,后(hou)李(li)靖(jing)化(鳳(feng)山李(li)氏三(san)世,諱得(de)功,謚號寧(ning)化)也奮(fen)身(shen)當先帶領(ling)族(zu)人踴躍殺賊(zei)數萬人,鳳(feng)山因(yin)此得(de)以(yi)安(an)寧(ning)。第二年(nian)(nian),按(an)察司僉事毛吉帶兵攻打(da)廈(sha)嶺,潮陽(yang)縣(xian)令陳(chen)瑄也帶領(ling)民眾(zhong)(zhong)配合,官(guan)兵夾攻賊(zei)巢,平亂時以(yi)鳳(feng)山寨鄉勇為基干(gan)。李(li)靖(jing)化因(yin)此事有(you)功拔補海門(men)所(suo)(suo)吏(li)目歷升千(qian)(qian)戶使(shi),潮州衛鎮撫使(shi),攝(she)指(zhi)揮使(shi),后(hou)練兵寧(ning)化。
嘉(jia)靖三(san)十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(1553)海寇(kou)(kou)許(xu)棟糾合倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou),聚眾(zhong)數千(qian)人(ren)流搶于潮陽(yang)間,還有(you)當(dang)(dang)(dang)時的(de)海寇(kou)(kou)何阿八等(deng)活躍在濱海一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶搶劫。1558年(nian)(nian)正月,倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)吳老番從福(fu)建漳州(zhou)(或泉州(zhou))到(dao)牛(niu)(niu)田洋兩(liang)岸的(de)蓬(peng)州(zhou),錢(qian)崗,鳳山等(deng)地流搶,為(wei)保護鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),陳(chen)南(nan)(nan)野(ye)(字友(you)仁,陳(chen)千(qian)山之(zhi)元孫)與其弟(di)山谷(gu)倡議修(xiu)復山寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),在山上四圍筑墻并(bing)帶領(ling)族人(ren)守(shou)住寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)頂。1559年(nian)(nian)十(shi)月至十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)又(you)從海門燒船(chuan)登(deng)陸攻(gong)擊(ji)潮陽(yang)城,被鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)民官兵(bing)擊(ji)退(tui)后轉(zhuan)到(dao)縣城以(yi)北竹山都(dou)諸寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),當(dang)(dang)(dang)時倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)在鳳山寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)腳(jiao)登(deng)陸,陳(chen)南(nan)(nan)野(ye)同(tong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)(yong)(yong)用(yong)箭石擊(ji)退(tui)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)多次(ci)進(jin)攻(gong),李翠峰(名垂青(qing),諱夏(xia)時,李氏六世)等(deng)也(ye)相繼(ji)率子弟(di)奮起相隨,以(yi)石和火銃擊(ji)退(tui)來犯倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou),保住了鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)11月 倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)千(qian)余(yu)人(ren)從達(da)濠會同(tong)牛(niu)(niu)田(現在的(de)汕頭蜈田)海賊許(xu)朝光一(yi)(yi)(yi)伙,自錢(qian)崗渡(du)進(jin)襲鳳山,又(you)被守(shou)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)(yong)(yong)擊(ji)潰,還乘勝追(zhui)擊(ji),繳獲(huo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)賊物(wu)。迫使倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)轉(zhuan)掠和平,赤寮,棉湖(當(dang)(dang)(dang)時為(wei)潮陽(yang)黃坑都(dou))等(deng)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)。1560年(nian)(nian)正月,倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)又(you)大(da)舉(ju)來犯鳳山。寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)眾(zhong)因前幾次(ci)作戰(zhan)經歷是(shi)(shi)屢(lv)戰(zhan)屢(lv)勝,一(yi)(yi)(yi)鼓(gu)作氣,士氣高昂,無不(bu)是(shi)(shi)能以(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)百的(de),倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)大(da)敗,鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)越戰(zhan)越勇(yong)(yong)(yong),繼(ji)續(xu)追(zhui)殺,殺死倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)無數,戰(zhan)役中鳳山鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)(yong)(yong)死者僅為(wei)數人(ren)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)時戰(zhan)斗在最激烈時陳(chen)南(nan)(nan)野(ye)家中剛好失火,他不(bu)顧家中大(da)火,繼(ji)續(xu)督戰(zhan),戰(zhan)后家中一(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)盡(jin)毀(hui)于火中,大(da)家深感嘆息之(zhi)時,陳(chen)南(nan)(nan)野(ye)卻坦然說:“吾鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)幸得保住,家室有(you)何可(ke)(ke)(ke)惜”。寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)中無不(bu)感然,一(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)要求刻石以(yi)紀其棄家守(shou)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),三(san)戰(zhan)三(san)勝的(de)功勞(lao)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)時已身為(wei)兩(liang)浙文宗的(de)林大(da)春(chun)為(wei)其作序《陳(chen)南(nan)(nan)野(ye)保障鳳山序》。(林大(da)春(chun)為(wei)陳(chen)姓外(wai)甥(sheng),小時在鳳山陳(chen)道巖讀書,筆者認為(wei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能和陳(chen)南(nan)(nan)野(ye)是(shi)(shi)表兄弟(di),當(dang)(dang)(dang)然陳(chen)是(shi)(shi)功不(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)沒(mei))
嘉(jia)靖四十(shi)二年(1563)三月(yue),大(da)批倭寇擊舉(ju)(ju)潮陽(yang),圍縣城四十(shi)多天(tian),又向北掠奪,所到之(zhi)處幾無生(sheng)靈。因多次被鳳山擊潰(kui)而(er)加(jia)強進攻,雙(shuang)方相持(chi)一個多月(yue),因無接(jie)濟(ji)救援而(er)失陷,李,陳等(deng)西社多全家(jia)(jia)搬(ban)住在寨頂,而(er)下山幾各姓氏多被倭寇殘殺,多舉(ju)(ju)家(jia)(jia)奔走他(ta)處,全寨屋(wu)宇幾為平地。時至第二年秋,福(fu)建,廣東會(hui)合大(da)舉(ju)(ju)剿滅(mie)倭寇。才得以平息,逃離的他(ta)鄉(xiang)的民(min)眾也(ye)有(you)逐漸回鄉(xiang)重(zhong)建家(jia)(jia)園。