赫山來儀(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園位于赫山區(qu)(qu)東北(bei)部(bu),原屬洞庭湖(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)范疇,規劃區(qu)(qu)總面積1706.82公(gong)(gong)頃。主(zhu)要包括(kuo)(kuo)來儀(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、鹿角湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、白萍湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、窯頭湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、高灣湖(hu)(hu)(hu)等湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo),以(yi)及(ji)溝通這些湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)、連接外部(bu)水(shui)系的(de)(de)向(xiang)陽渠、新(xin)河電排渠等河(渠)道(dao)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園以(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)群為主(zhu)體,以(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)、河道(dao)周(zhou)邊環繞的(de)(de)圍堰、堤壩為界限(xian)。其濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)類型主(zhu)要包括(kuo)(kuo)河流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)和(he)人工濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)三大類型。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)共有(you)維管束植物409種,脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物227種,公(gong)(gong)園鳥類占湖(hu)(hu)(hu)南省鳥類總數的(de)(de)31.5%。
以維護洞(dong)庭(ting)湖區(qu)(qu)南緣區(qu)(qu)域濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態系(xi)統的完(wan)整性、水資源安全(quan)為(wei)出發(fa)點,以保(bao)護來儀湖濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)典型的洞(dong)庭(ting)湖區(qu)(qu)復合濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態系(xi)統及其(qi)生(sheng)物多樣性為(wei)基礎,以漁耕文化和爛(lan)泥湖精神為(wei)特色,以體現“保(bao)護—利用(yong)—提高”理念(nian)為(wei)準則,集濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)物多樣性保(bao)護、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護保(bao)育與(yu)修復、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)功能和濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)文化展示、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)普宣教、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)研(yan)監測(ce)、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態旅游、防洪調蓄于(yu)一體的國家級濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公園。
保(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)是濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園的(de)(de)主體(ti)和核心保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu),是以爛泥湖垸(huan)為(wei)主體(ti)的(de)(de)各垸(huan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)水安全的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障系統,是以水禽為(wei)代表(biao)的(de)(de)眾(zhong)多(duo)生(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)主要棲息場所,是濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園內生(sheng)(sheng)物多(duo)樣(yang)性較(jiao)為(wei)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu),也是濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園的(de)(de)主要景觀載體(ti)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護保(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)主要開展濕(shi)地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統保(bao)(bao)(bao)護、保(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)、恢復(fu)和必(bi)要的(de)(de)科研(yan)監測和科普宣教活動。
主(zhu)要建設(she)內容包括堤防(fang)建設(she)、水(shui)(shui)源和水(shui)(shui)質保(bao)護、水(shui)(shui)體修復、水(shui)(shui)質日常保(bao)潔、湖水(shui)(shui)富營養化(hua)控制、匯水(shui)(shui)口截污、水(shui)(shui)岸(an)帶保(bao)護、野(ye)生(sheng)動植(zhi)物及其棲息地保(bao)護與恢復、生(sheng)態島等工(gong)程項目。
恢(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)區是進行濕地(di)恢(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)的主要(yao)區域,主要(yao)是以人工促進為主的方式(shi)恢(hui)復(fu)和(he)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)濕地(di)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong),恢(hui)復(fu)良好的水(shui)(shui)(shui)文條件,打(da)造健康的湖泊斑塊生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong),減少或消除農業生(sheng)產(chan)對濕地(di)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)的影響,改(gai)善和(he)提高水(shui)(shui)(shui)禽(qin)棲(qi)息地(di)質(zhi)量,擴大水(shui)(shui)(shui)禽(qin)棲(qi)息地(di)面積,讓水(shui)(shui)(shui)禽(qin)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新回歸棲(qi)息樂(le)園,并開(kai)展相應的科研(yan)監(jian)測和(he)科普宣教活動。
主(zhu)要建設內容(rong)包括退(tui)塘還(huan)湖、水岸建設、水質常態(tai)化保(bao)潔、濕地植被及生(sheng)物多(duo)樣性恢復(fu)、鳥類棲息地保(bao)護、農(nong)田面源污染(ran)防治(zhi)示范、科研監測(ce)工(gong)程(cheng)等。
宣教展示區是濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)開展濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)科普(pu)宣教的(de)(de)(de)重要場(chang)所(suo)。在對(dui)現有(you)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態系統進(jin)行嚴格保護和(he)恢復的(de)(de)(de)基礎上,通過合(he)理布設宣教項目與設施,開展室(shi)內(nei)和(he)室(shi)外(wai)相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)科普(pu)宣教活動,提(ti)高大(da)眾對(dui)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)認識(shi)和(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保護意(yi)識(shi),提(ti)升當地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態文明建設水平。
主要建(jian)設(she)內容,建(jian)設(she)項目有濕地(di)宣教走廊(lang)、濕地(di)植物(wu)展示(shi)園、濕地(di)自(zi)然探索體驗(yan)園、游步(bu)道(dao)、標(biao)牌系統(tong)(tong)和解說(shuo)系統(tong)(tong)。
合(he)理利用區(qu)是以濕地(di)保(bao)(bao)護與保(bao)(bao)育為基礎(chu),在(zai)不損害濕地(di)生(sheng)態系統健(jian)康(kang)的(de)情況下(xia),以濕地(di)為依托,合(he)理開展濕地(di)生(sheng)態養殖(zhi)、濕地(di)生(sheng)態觀光休閑,充分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)濕地(di)的(de)多功能(neng)特性,提高濕地(di)公園的(de)造血功能(neng),帶動所(suo)在(zai)區(qu)域(yu)經濟發(fa)展。
主要建(jian)設內(nei)容包括生態養殖示范觀光、自行車騎(qi)行綠道(dao)、親(qin)水平臺、游(you)步道(dao)、休(xiu)閑亭(ting)等(deng)建(jian)設。
管(guan)理服務區是整個公(gong)園管(guan)理、運營(ying)中心,應急(ji)組織(zhi)機構,主(zhu)要具備(bei)管(guan)理和服務功能,使濕地公(gong)園得到科學(xue)有效的(de)管(guan)理和保護,為游(you)客提(ti)供優質高(gao)效的(de)服務。
主(zhu)要建(jian)設(she)內容包(bao)括(kuo)管(guan)(guan)理(li)局辦公(gong)室及(ji)配套設(she)施、管(guan)(guan)理(li)局輔助用(yong)房(fang)、訪客(ke)中心、濕地科研監測站、爛泥(ni)湖(hu)紀念館(guan)、濕地文化廣場、濕地文化長廊(lang)、生活垃圾收集處(chu)理(li)站、停車場及(ji)其綠化等。