芋頭(tou)侗寨(zhai)在(zai)行(xing)政區劃上隸(li)屬于(yu)雙江鄉(xiang)。明洪武年(nian)(nian)間(1368~1398年(nian)(nian))建(jian)寨(zhai);明嘉靖三年(nian)(nian)(1508年(nian)(nian))戶增人旺,建(jian)筑規模擴(kuo)大,形(xing)成村落;清順治年(nian)(nian)間(1644~1661年(nian)(nian))遭火災,復(fu)建(jian)后形(xing)成以(yi)芋頭(tou)溪(xi)流為軸線向兩側(ce)分叉(cha)布置(zhi)的7個聚落群;清乾隆四十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1777年(nian)(nian))建(jian)寨(zhai)腳橋(qiao)及龍(long)氏鼓樓(lou)、牙上鼓樓(lou);清嘉慶五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(1800年(nian)(nian))建(jian)塘頭(tou)橋(qiao)。清光緒(xu)7年(nian)(nian)建(jian)塘坪橋(qiao)。
清道光(guang)、光(guang)緒(xu)年間(jian)分別(bie)維修驛道和牙(ya)(ya)上(shang)鼓(gu)樓。明洪武元年至三(san)十一年(1368-1398)間(jian)始(shi)建(jian)寨(zhai);嘉(jia)靖三(san)年(1508)戶增(zeng)人旺,建(jian)筑規(gui)模擴大,形成(cheng)村落(luo)(luo)。清順治年間(jian)遭火災,復(fu)建(jian)后形成(cheng)以芋頭(tou)溪流為軸(zhou)線(xian)向兩邊(bian)分叉座落(luo)(luo)的(de)7個聚居群。清乾隆(long)四十二(er)年(1777)建(jian)寨(zhai)腳(jiao)橋(qiao)及龍氏鼓(gu)樓,牙(ya)(ya)上(shang)鼓(gu)樓。清嘉(jia)慶五年(1800)建(jian)中(zhong)步和塘坪橋(qiao)。清道光(guang)、光(guang)緒(xu)年間(jian)分別(bie)維修驛道和牙(ya)(ya)上(shang)鼓(gu)樓。芋頭(tou)侗寨(zhai)古(gu)建(jian)筑群因山(shan)就勢,結構造型(xing)具(ju)有(you)典型(xing)的(de)侗族風格,鼓(gu)樓、門樓、蘆(lu)笙場、古(gu)井、涼亭、薩歲壇、古(gu)墓(mu)葬群、侗族樓層(ceng)及青石板驛道等一應俱(ju)全,且保存完好,有(you)很高的(de)歷史、人文及藝術價(jia)。
芋頭(tou)侗(dong)寨(zhai)(zhai),從建寨(zhai)(zhai)選址(zhi),布置(zhi)(zhi)建筑(zhu)(zhu)物,到規(gui)劃村寨(zhai)(zhai)于(yu)(yu)周圍環境的(de)(de)(de)協調及人(ren)(ren)們衣食住(zhu)行、祭祀,都是(shi)傳(chuan)統(tong)堪輿學說(shuo)在侗(dong)民族(zu)地區現實生(sheng)活中的(de)(de)(de)運用。寨(zhai)(zhai)內各類建筑(zhu)(zhu)因地制宜(yi),依山(shan)勢,順風水分別布置(zhi)(zhi)建筑(zhu)(zhu)物,將(jiang)自然(ran)風光與人(ren)(ren)為創造結成天、地、人(ren)(ren)三位一體,充分展(zhan)示(shi)了(le)(le)侗(dong)民族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)古樸憨厚和(he)聰(cong)明才智(zhi)。芋頭(tou)侗(dong)寨(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)屬于(yu)(yu)典型的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)地溝谷(gu)(gu)侗(dong)寨(zhai)(zhai)山(shan)脊型和(he)山(shan)谷(gu)(gu)型建筑(zhu)(zhu)模式。寨(zhai)(zhai)內所保存的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu),無論(lun)是(shi)從整體到局部,還是(shi)從布局到工藝(yi),都融匯了(le)(le)侗(dong)族(zu)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)和(he)山(shan)里人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)樸實風格(ge),全(quan)面反映了(le)(le)侗(dong)族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)民族(zu)史和(he)民俗史。
芋(yu)頭侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)古建(jian)(jian)筑群因山(shan)(shan)就勢(shi),結構造型具有典型的(de)侗(dong)(dong)族(zu)風(feng)格,鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、門樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、蘆笙(sheng)場、古井(jing)、涼亭、薩歲壇(tan)、古墓葬群、侗(dong)(dong)族(zu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)屋(wu)及青(qing)石板驛道等一(yi)(yi)應俱(ju)全,其中(zhong)(zhong)古樓(lou)(lou)(lou)4座(zuo),風(feng)雨橋3座(zuo),門樓(lou)(lou)(lou)1座(zuo),古井(jing)2口,薩歲壇(tan)2個(ge),吊腳樓(lou)(lou)(lou)居室78棟,古驛道1.6公里。芋(yu)頭侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑屬于(yu)(yu)典型的(de)山(shan)(shan)地溝(gou)谷侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)山(shan)(shan)脊型和山(shan)(shan)谷型建(jian)(jian)筑模式(shi)(shi)(shi)。寨(zhai)內(nei)民居采(cai)(cai)用“桿欄式(shi)(shi)(shi)”建(jian)(jian)筑為(wei)(wei)(wei)多(duo)。有的(de)采(cai)(cai)用架立(li)的(de)吊腳樓(lou)(lou)(lou)式(shi)(shi)(shi),以(yi)適(shi)應南方(fang)山(shan)(shan)區氣候濕潤,多(duo)蚊蟲(chong)的(de)特點(dian)。屋(wu)頂懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)(shi),施小青(qing)瓦或覆(fu)蓋杉皮,使得建(jian)(jian)筑物色(se)彩樸實(shi),質感宜(yi)人。芋(yu)頭侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)始建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)明(ming)洪武年間,后遭大火,寨(zhai)內(nei)現有建(jian)(jian)筑大部(bu)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)中(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)、末期(qi)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑。村(cun)寨(zhai)現有鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)4個(ge):寨(zhai)中(zhong)(zhong)鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)簡樸地立(li)于(yu)(yu)田中(zhong)(zhong);龍(long)(long)氏鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)昂(ang)然(ran)立(li)于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)上最高處(chu);蘆笙(sheng)鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)雕(diao)梁畫(hua)棟漂亮(liang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)九層密(mi)檐攢(zan)尖蘆笙(sheng)頂木樓(lou)(lou)(lou),下(xia)五(wu)層為(wei)(wei)(wei)四角,上四層為(wei)(wei)(wei)八角,翹檐上下(xia)都(dou)塑有龍(long)(long)鳳花(hua)鳥圖(tu)案,金光閃(shan)亮(liang);牙上鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)奇(qi)險,一(yi)(yi)半(ban)搭在(zai)山(shan)(shan)坡上,一(yi)(yi)半(ban)懸(xuan)于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)坡下(xia),由17根梨木柱子支撐,最長的(de)一(yi)(yi)根有9.1米高。