張(zhang)仲景(jing)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)位于祠院中部(bu),始建(jian)無確考,晉咸和(he)(he)五年(nian)(nian)(330年(nian)(nian))墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前樹有“漢(han)長(chang)沙(sha)太守醫圣(sheng)張(zhang)仲景(jing)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)”碑(bei)(bei)。后(hou)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、碑(bei)(bei)具沒于耕(geng)野。明崇禎五年(nian)(nian)(1632年(nian)(nian)),園丁掘井(jing)復得墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑(bei)(bei),遂恢復墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)冢,并(bing)蓋墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)亭保護。現存墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)冢坐(zuo)北朝南,為(wei)方(fang)形仿漢(han)磚(zhuan)石(shi)結構(gou),墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)基為(wei)青石(shi)砌成(cheng),基上由漢(han)磚(zhuan)砌成(cheng)階(jie)梯形,最頂放一(yi)青石(shi)雕蓮花臺,墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)四角(jiao)各(ge)嵌(qian)入一(yi)青石(shi)雕羊(yang)頭。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)后(hou)為(wei)清順治十三年(nian)(nian)(1656年(nian)(nian))修建(jian)的享殿、過殿、廂房(fang)各(ge)三間(jian)。正殿塑醫圣(sheng)像(xiang),配祀藥王(wang)孫思(si)邈和(he)(he)神醫華佗。
張仲景(jing)(jing)祠現(xian)已(yi)辟(pi)為南陽市(shi)張仲景(jing)(jing)博物(wu)館(guan)。基(ji)本陳(chen)列為中國中醫(yi)藥史、仲景(jing)(jing)文化,年(nian)參觀人數10多萬人次。現(xian)收藏文物(wu)120余(yu)件、名(ming)家書畫題詞近300幅、碑拓(tuo)40余(yu)幅、醫(yi)藥文獻1萬余(yu)冊,其中東(dong)漢針灸(jiu)穴位女(nv)陶人、晉咸和(he)五年(nian)“長沙(sha)太(tai)守醫(yi)圣(sheng)張仲景(jing)(jing)墓”碑、《傷寒雜病論(lun)》第(di)十二稿(gao)(白(bai)云(yun)閣藏)木刻板等均為珍品(pin)。
他的經典著作《傷寒(han)雜病論》和《金匱要略》,將他推上了(le)“醫圣(sheng)”的神壇。書中(zhong)概括了(le)中(zhong)醫望聞問(wen)切4種診(zhen)法(fa),陰陽表里寒(han)熱虛實8綱辨證,是(shi)中(zhong)醫體系的精(jing)髓核(he)心。方劑中(zhong)君、臣、佐(zuo)、使配伍嚴謹,加減變(bian)化奧妙精(jing)當,是(shi)臨床的法(fa)典。我們今天熟知的膏(gao)丸散(san)劑湯栓等等這些(xie)劑型,都是(shi)張仲景的原(yuan)創。
張仲景的(de)墓(mu)前(qian)有拜殿,后有墓(mu)亭,前(qian)后牽連成一體。拜殿里,上下左右掛滿(man)了楹聯和匾額。正(zheng)中有清順(shun)治(zhi)13年重修墓(mu)所立的(de)墓(mu)碑,碑的(de)后面就是四(si)角鑲嵌(qian)羊(yang)頭,石基磚頂的(de)正(zheng)方形墓(mu)。墓(mu)后就是四(si)合(he)院(yuan)形式(shi)的(de)醫圣(sheng)祠了。