基本信息
石牌坊記載(zai)著小鎮的(de)(de)悠悠往事,更(geng)以(yi)其美觀的(de)(de)造型(xing)、精細的(de)(de)雕琢、巧(qiao)妙的(de)(de)結構聲名遠揚。
魯屯牌坊(fang)(fang)原(yuan)(yuan)有(you)(you)四(si)(si)座(zuo),現存(cun)其三,均(jun)為(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三間(jian)(jian)五樓(lou)(lou)式(shi)結(jie)構。位于魯屯街(jie)中(zhong)岔路口的(de)黃氏坊(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)精致絕妙。此坊(fang)(fang)建(jian)于清(qing)道光年間(jian)(jian),高(gao)、寬均(jun)為(wei)(wei)7米,鉚(liu)榫結(jie)構,牢而(er)堅固。坊(fang)(fang)底為(wei)(wei)束腰須(xu)彌(mi)(mi)座(zuo),四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)立于須(xu)彌(mi)(mi)座(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。8根八棱方柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),均(jun)用完整的(de)石料加工(gong)而(er)成。四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)各(ge)面均(jun)陰刻(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)楹聯(lian)(lian),文字(zi)對仗工(gong)整,書(shu)體楷隸(li)兼有(you)(you),刻(ke)(ke)(ke)藝細致洗練,尤以明(ming)間(jian)(jian)中(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)楷書(shu)題(ti)聯(lian)(lian),堪稱對聯(lian)(lian)中(zhong)的(de)佳作,上(shang)(shang)(shang)聯(lian)(lian)為(wei)(wei):"白馬山高(gao)尉(wei)為(wei)(wei)竹箭松心節錯(cuo)根盤光日月";下(xia)聯(lian)(lian)為(wei)(wei):"青(qing)塘水凈濯出冰(bing)肌玉骨懷芳(fang)履潔(jie)被恩蒙"。落款(kuan)為(wei)(wei):"原(yuan)(yuan)任廣(guang)西永安知州誥授奉直(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)夫愚表叔王秉心拜題(ti)"。四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)護(hu)耳均(jun)系伏獅(shi)抱鼓(gu)式(shi),耳高(gao)1.42米,鼓(gu)厚0.22米,鼓(gu)面徑(jing)0.65米,分別浮雕(diao)荷花、鐘(zhong)鹿(lu)、松虎、鹿(lu)鶴等圖案18幅,構圖新穎,想象豐(feng)富,造型(xing)生(sheng)動栩栩如(ru)生(sheng)。獅(shi)子系伏臥狀,昂首翹(qiao)尾(wei)。護(hu)耳,蹬石,浮雕(diao)四(si)(si)季(ji)花草(cao),如(ru)見草(cao)動,如(ru)聞花香。正樓(lou)(lou)中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)牌匾(bian)長(chang)2.5米,上(shang)(shang)(shang)楷書(shu)陰刻(ke)(ke)(ke):"志同冰(bing)質"字(zi),每(mei)字(zi)30公(gong)分見方。刻(ke)(ke)(ke)藝精湛,鋒勁秀雅。次(ci)樓(lou)(lou)牌匾(bian)左刻(ke)(ke)(ke)"金鸞芳(fang)美",右(you)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)"彤管流芳(fang)",陰刻(ke)(ke)(ke)楷書(shu),工(gong)整建(jian)秀,刻(ke)(ke)(ke)藝嫻熟。明(ming)間(jian)(jian)橫梁上(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)雕(diao)二龍(long)戲珠,兩龍(long)似在翻卷的(de)彩(cai)云中(zhong)騰躍穿梭。正樓(lou)(lou)平板(ban)坊(fang)(fang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)立有(you)(you)兩根高(gao)拱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),當(dang)中(zhong)豎(shu)匾(bian)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)"圣旨"2字(zi),牌帶為(wei)(wei)半透(tou)雕(diao)雙(shuang)龍(long)抱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),牌首為(wei)(wei)半透(tou)雕(diao)"獸面人首"圖,形似蝙蝠(fu)伏臥,雙(shuang)手撐蓮。構思之巧,使人拍案叫絕。次(ci)樓(lou)(lou)平板(ban)坊(fang)(fang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)亦立有(you)(you)高(gao)拱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),此柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與中(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)(jian),嵌有(you)(you)透(tou)雕(diao)"金蟾吐絲"形花窗。坊(fang)(fang)頂翼角(jiao)起翹(qiao)、鴟(chi)吻(wen)含寶,形似立尾(wei)鰲(ao)魚含珠,使整座(zuo)牌坊(fang)(fang)和諧(xie)統一,雄渾(hun)敦(dun)厚。正脊中(zhong)寶瓶上(shang)(shang)(shang)雕(diao)有(you)(you)壽字(zi)型(xing)花飾(shi),說明(ming)此坊(fang)(fang)系百歲(sui)坊(fang)(fang)一類(lei)。整座(zuo)牌坊(fang)(fang)的(de)造型(xing)、結(jie)構、工(gong)藝、圖案之巧,充分體現了(le)勞動人民的(de)智慧(hui)和才能,實(shi)為(wei)(wei)一件(jian)精美的(de)古(gu)建(jian)藝術珍品。
兩座李氏(shi)坊(fang),一(yi)前一(yi)后(hou),緊緊相鄰,挺立(li)在魯(lu)屯街(jie)口半月(yue)池側。規模(mo)、造型、格調與黃氏(shi)坊(fang)略同,唯題(ti)刻(ke)內容有異,前一(yi)座正(zheng)頂透(tou)雕"萬"字(zi)形圖案,后(hou)一(yi)座正(zheng)頂和黃氏(shi)坊(fang)雕飾相仿;二(er)樓檐下(xia)的花窗,一(yi)是(shi)透(tou)雕"二(er)龍(long)舞云",一(yi)是(shi)透(tou)雕"丹風朝(chao)陽"。另(ling)花板紋樣(yang)及局部裝飾也稍有差(cha)異。
建設年代
據民國(guo)《興義縣志》稿載:"武生李汝之(zhi)母呂氏,善(shan)事舅姑(gu)。清(qing)嘉(jia)慶二年(nian)苗變(bian),舉家(jia)攻苗不克,舅姑(gu)失所在。事靖還(huan)家(jia),朝夕尋覓,痛不欲生。夜夢人告(gao)知(zhi)所在,時(shi)得二親(qin)尸,舁以歸葬。道光十五,請旌建(jian)坊。呂氏守節70余年(nian),年(nian)百有(you)(you)二,子孫(sun)皆(jie)列繆(mou)癢。前興郡知(zhi)府仇效忠為題坊聯(lian),李氏一坊當屬"貞節坊",李氏另一坊上有(you)(you)"壬午科舉人揀選知(zhi)縣世愚侄高發奎頓拜(bai)"的楹聯(lian)落款。兩坊分別建(jian)于(yu)清(qing)道光二年(nian)(公元1822年(nian))和道光十五年(nian)(公元1835年(nian))。