概況
2006年,中(zhong)國營(ying)造學社舊址(zhi)被列為全(quan)國重(zhong)點(dian)文物(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei)。
2016年9月入選“首批中(zhong)國(guo)20世紀建(jian)筑遺產”名錄。
發展歷程
“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)學(xue)(xue)社(she)”是朱啟鈐先生1930年(nian)在北京創辦的一個專門從事研(yan)(yan)(yan)究保護中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳統(tong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)包括建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)技法(fa)和(he)規范(fan)的民(min)間學(xue)(xue)術團體。“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)學(xue)(xue)社(she)”設法(fa)式、文獻(xian)兩組,分(fen)別由梁(liang)思(si)成(cheng)和(he)劉敦(dun)楨(zhen)主(zhu)持,分(fen)頭研(yan)(yan)(yan)究古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)形(xing)制和(he)史(shi)料。抗日(ri)戰爭(zheng)爆(bao)發(fa)后,由于(yu)日(ri)軍向內地步步侵入,“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)學(xue)(xue)社(she)”被迫南(nan)遷(qian)(qian),輾轉(zhuan)經(jing)過武(wu)漢、長沙和(he)昆明。1940年(nian),在深懷民(min)族大義的李莊(zhuang)各界人(ren)民(min)的邀請下,“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)學(xue)(xue)社(she)”與國(guo)(guo)立同(tong)濟(ji)大學(xue)(xue)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央研(yan)(yan)(yan)究院、金陵大學(xue)(xue)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央博物院一起遷(qian)(qian)入當時的南(nan)溪(xi)縣(xian)歷(li)史(shi)古鎮李莊(zhuang)鎮。直至(zhi)抗日(ri)戰爭(zheng)勝利后的1946年(nian),“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)學(xue)(xue)社(she)”才(cai)遷(qian)(qian)回北京,與清華(hua)大學(xue)(xue)合辦中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究所,梁(liang)思(si)成(cheng)不久成(cheng)為清華(hua)大學(xue)(xue)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)系主(zhu)任。
據有(you)關資料介紹(shao),“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)營造學(xue)社”在(zai)李莊的(de)6年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong),經(jing)費(fei)十分困難,生活條件異常艱苦,但是梁(liang)思成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、劉(liu)(liu)敦楨、林徽因、劉(liu)(liu)致平、莫宗江(jiang)、陳明達、羅(luo)哲文等中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建筑歷史學(xue)界和文物保護界的(de)先賢們在(zai)此(ci)做了(le)(le)大(da)量(liang)卓有(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)效的(de)研(yan)究工作,完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)一大(da)批科研(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果,其中(zhong)(zhong)包括:編(bian)寫了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第一部完備而系(xi)統的(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建筑史》;設計了(le)(le)江(jiang)西南昌滕王閣;采用城市規劃等方(fang)法(fa),編(bian)修了(le)(le)《廣漢縣志》,開創了(le)(le)我國(guo)(guo)縣志修編(bian)的(de)新例;他(ta)們還(huan)參(can)加了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)央博物院的(de)考古發(fa)掘,并編(bian)輯(ji)出版了(le)(le)社刊。1944年(nian),梁(liang)思成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還(huan)站在(zai)世(shi)界文化高度,為盟軍編(bian)制了(le)(le)日(ri)本文物建筑名單(dan),并在(zai)軍事地圖上標明,從而保護了(le)(le)日(ri)本的(de)古城京都和奈良。